Entendendo os fenômenos da natureza

VII Seminário de Extensão Universitária da UNILA (SEUNI); VIII Encontro de Iniciação Científica e IV Encontro de Iniciação em Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Inovação (EICTI 2019) e Seminário de Atividades Formativas da UNILA (SAFOR)O projeto "Entendendo os Fenômenos da Natureza” vem sendo ofertado em parceria com o Polo Astronômico Casimiro Montenegro Filho, junto com o curso de graduação em Geografia (Bacharelado e Licenciatura) da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana – Unila, localizado no Parque Tecnológico de Itaipu (PTI), município de Foz do Iguaçu. As atividades foram realizadas no formato de oficinas, em escolas da Educação Básica de Foz do Iguaçu, oficinas na Av Paraná e na Feira da JK. Possui o amplo propósito de contribuir para a qualificação do ensino-aprendizagem na Educação Básica, quanto aos sistemas dinâmicos da Terra. Foram confeccionados materiais paradidáticos simples referentes aos fenômenos da natureza. A metodologia utilizada foi pautada na Aprendizagem Colaborativa, onde os participantes desenvolveram uma aprendizagem mais autônoma e em conjunto, num esforço coordenado para solucionar problemas. Dentre os procedimentos metodológicos foram aplicadas práticas de ensino diferenciadas, como experiências simples e a confecção de maquetes. Esse projeto é de grande importância para o entendimento dos fenômenos da natureza e suas dinâmicas, além de apresentar uma postura crítica diante das mudanças climáticas propagadas pela mídia. Os resultados obtidos até o presente momento são parciais, uma vez que os dados coletados por meio da aplicação das oficinas estão em fase final de compilação e tabulação, para serem posteriormente analisadosGostaria de agradecer em primeiro lugar a Unila por ter financiado essa bolsa e ter proporcionado essa troca de conhecimento. Aos alunos que realizaram esse projeto de extensão nos anos anteriores. E as professoras Prof.a Dra Ana Clarissa Stefanello e Marcia Aparecida Procópio Scheer

AID: una herramienta para el análisis de identificadores en programas JAVA

Las demandas actuales en el desarrollo de software implican una evolución y mantenimiento constantes con el menor costo de tiempo y recursos. La Comprensión de Programas (CP) es una disciplina de la Ingeniería de Software (IS) que ofrece Métodos, Técnicas, Estrategias y Herramientas para llevar adelante esas tareas. Generalmente las técnicas de comprensión emplean dos fuentes importantes de información: Estática y Dinámica. En ambas fuentes existe un elemento que brinda información y es muy utilizado: los identificadores (Id). Estudios indican que los Ids contienen indicios sobre las funcionalidades de los sistemas. Por tal motivo, construir herramientas automatizadas de comprensión que puedan extraer y analizar los Ids es un aporte muy importante al área de la CP. En este artículo se presenta AId, una herramienta que extrae y analiza Ids con el propósito de encontrar su significado y de esta forma ayudar a comprender el programa de estudio

Efectos de la posición de un detalle seductor ilustrado en la comprensión y el recuerdo de un texto de físico química

Se estudió el efecto de incluir un detalle seductor ilustrado (texto e imagen) sobre la comprensión y el recuerdo de un texto de físico química, en función de su posición al inicio o al final del material. Se buscó poner a prueba la hipótesis de la integración desviada, según la cual el detalle seductor (información interesante pero tangencial) conduciría al lector hacia una integración del texto con conocimientos previos alejados de los propósitos educacionales del mensaje, afectando su comprensión y su recuerdo. Los participantes leyeron un texto de físico química en una de tres versiones: sin el detalle (condición Sólo Texto), con el detalle en la primera página (condición Detalle Seductor Temprano), o con el detalle en la última página del texto (condición Detalle Seductor Tardío). Se registraron indicadores de comprensión y de recuerdo inmediato (luego de la lectura) y diferido (una semana después). Los resultados mostraron que el grupo en la condición Detalle Seductor Temprano presentó los puntajes más bajos tanto en comprensión inferencial como en recuerdo diferido. Estos resultados son interpretados a la luz de la hipótesis de la integración desviada.The effect of including an illustrated seductive detail (text plus image) on recall and comprehension as a function of placing the detail at the beginning or at the end of a text of physical chemistry was examined. The aim of the study was to test the diverted integration hypothesis, which claims that a seductive detail (interesting but tangential information) can mislead readers to integrate the message with diverted previous knowledge, thus affecting recall and comprehension. Participants read a text on physical chemistry in one of three versions: without the detail (Text Only condition), with the detail embedded in the first page (Early Seductive Detail condition), or with the detail embedded in the last page of the text (Late Seductive Detail condition). Comprehension and immediate (after reading) and late (after seven days) recall outcomes were collected. Results showed the lowest scores in inferential comprehension and in delayed recall for the Early Seductive Detail condition. These results are interpreted in light of the diverted integration hypothesis.Fil: Saux, Gaston Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Azcurra Arndt, Pablo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Buján, Gustavo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Burin, Debora Ines. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

AId: uma Ferramenta para análise de identificadores de programas Java

As demandas atuais no desenvolvimento de software implicam uma evolução e manutenção constante do software com menor custo de tempo e recursos [15,16, 17, 18]. A Compreensão de Programas (CP), uma disciplina da Engenharia do Software, fornece os métodos, técnicas e estratégias para levar adiante esta tarefa. Em geral, as técnicas de compreensão fazem uso de duas classes muito importantes de informação: Estática e Dinâmica. Em ambas as classes, há um elemento que é informativo e sempre usado: os identificadores (Id). Estudos indicam que os Ids, mesmo quando abreviados ou compostos, encerram indícios das funcionalidades dos sistemas onde são usados [12, 7, 9, 8]. Por esta razão construir ferramentas de compreensão que automatizem o processo de extração e análise dos identificadores é uma contribuição muito importante para a CP. Neste artigo apresenta-se a AId uma ferramenta que: i) automatiza a recuperação de identificadores encontrados em programas escritos em Java, e ii) aplica algoritmos de análise de identificares a fim de capturar o seu significado com vista a ajudar a compreender o programa

On commodities, networks and imaginaries: Reflections based on a interdisciplinary dialogue surrounding the local scientific practice

Este artículo surge del encuentro entre quienes llevan adelante un trabajode investigación científica o un proyecto de desarrollo tecnológico y entrequienes estudian el quehacer de la ciencia y de los científicos. El esfuerzo porcomprendernos desde las diferentes perspectivas que encarnamos, dio comoresultado un diálogo crítico e interdisciplinario sobre las condiciones sociales, políticas y económicas de la producción de conocimiento científico y tecnológico. En particular, este ejercicio, nos permitió reflexionar analíticamente sobre las condiciones en que la ciencia se hace en la actualidad: en una potente relación con el mercado y el capital, en el marco de un tejido reticular de instituciones y bajo la necesaria construcción de imaginarios socio-culturales adecuados a la inserción permanente de innovaciones. Estos serán los tres ejes que desarrollaremos en este trabajo, los cuales serán analizados cruzando la noción de General Intellect aparecida en los Grundisse y su apropiación por parte de la corriente teórica del capitalismo cognitivo, con la reformulación habermasiana del Lebenswelt (mundo de la vida).This article is the result of meetings between those who carry out scientific research or technological development and those who study the work of science and of scientists. The effort to understand ourselves from the different perspectives we adhere to, resulted in a critical and interdisciplinary dialogue on the social, political and economic conditions of the production of scientific and technological knowledge. In particular, this exercise allowed us to reflect analytically on the conditions under which science is currently made: the powerful relationship with the market and capital within the framework of a network of institutions and under the necessary construction of socio-cultural imaginaries to the permanent development of innovations. These three aspects are developed in this article and will be analyzed by intersecting the notion of General Intellect developed in the Grundisse and its appropriation by the theoretical perspective of "cognitive capitalism", with the Habermasian reformulation of the Lebenswelt (world of lifetime)Fil: Córdoba, Maria Soledad. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Buccellato, Marcos Gilberto. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Bilañski, Gisele Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Smal, Clara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Guzzo, Daniel. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Azcurra, Karen. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; Argentin

KENKA : sistema integral de gestión de calidad

Nowadays the quality has become one of the variables that has to be considered if we want to be successful and still more competitive. As all excellent variable requires tools that allow to their management and measurement, to manter it under a strict control following an affluent plan with goals and defined objectives. KENKA provides all those elements that conform a good strategy of Total Quality. The concepts of "Continuous Improvement", Auditory, Workflows, Documentation and Statistical Control of the Quality are reflected in each one of their modules. This paper presents the components, modules , as well as the technology used for their development

Efecto del quitosán de alto peso molecular y del alginato de sodio sobre la hidrofobicidad y adhesión de Candida albicans a células

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del quitosán de alto peso molecular (QAPM) y del alginato de sodio (NaAL) sobre la hidrofobicidad superficial de Candida albicans y la adhesión de esta levadura a células epiteliales y fibroblastos de distinto origen. Diseño del estudio: Para el estudio de la hidrofobicidad, las levaduras (n=7) se hicieron crecer en agar glucosado de Sabouraud suplementado con QAPM o NaAL o en ausencia de los mismos (controles). La determinación de la hidrofobicidad se realizó por el método de adhesión a hidrocarburos utilizando dos solventes orgánicos (xileno y cloroformo). En los estudios de adhesión, las levaduras se pusieron en contacto con soluciones de biopolímeros y luego se enfrentaron a diferentes células (fibroblastos humanos y de rata y células epiteliales Hep-2). La cuantificación se realizó por microscopía óptica. Resultados: Se observó una disminución del 44% de la hidrofobicidad en presencia de QAPM y del 82%, con NaAL, o del 30% con QAPM y 19% con NaAL, cuando los solventes orgánicos empleados fueron cloroformo o xileno, respectivamente. La adhesión de C. albicans a células epiteliales y fibroblastos humanos disminuyó significativamente con ambos biopolímeros. En el caso de los fibroblastos de encía de rata, sólo se observó una disminución con NaAL. En ninguno de los experimentos se observaron diferencias significativas en asociación al tipo de fibroblasto empleado. Conclusiones: Los biopolímeros resultaron efectivos en la reducción de la hidrofobicidad y la adhesión de C. albicans a células, las cuales son importantes factores de virulencia relacionados con la colonización de los tejidos blandos del hospedador o superficies acrílicas presentes en el sistema estomatognático.The aim of the present paper is to evaluate the effect of the high molecular weight chitosan (HMWC) and of sodium alginate (NaAL) on surface hydrophobicity of Candida albicans and on adhesion of the yeast to epithelial cells and fibroblasts of different proceeding. For this study, a collection strain and seven isolates of C. albicans from saliva (patients with denture stomatitis) were grown in Sabouraud glucose agar supplemented with HMWC or NaAL or in absence of them (control). Hydrophobicity was determined by adhesion to hydrocarbons method using two organic media (xylene and chloroform). For adhesion experiments, aqueous suspensions of yeasts were contacted with solutions of biopolymers and different cells (rat and human fibroblasts and epithelial cells Hep-2). The quantification of adhesion was made by optical microscopy. Results: a decrease in hydrophobicity was observed in the presence of HMWC (44%) and of NaAL (82%) when chloroform was employed as organic medium, meanwhile the decreases were of 30% with HMWC and 19% with NaAL in the presence of xylene. Adhesion of C. albicans to epithelial cells and human fibroblasts decreased significantly with both biopolymers. In the case of rat fibroblasts, a decrease was observed only with NaAL. None of experiments showed significant differences associated to fibroblast type. Conclusions: biopolymers showed effectiveness in reducing hydrophobicity and adhesion of C. albicans to cells, which are important virulence factors related to colonization of the soft tissues of host or acrylic surfaces present in the oral system

Lower Paleozoic structure in the headwaters of Río Jachal, San Juan Province

Structures cropping out in the Jachal Valley from the Cuesta del Viento dam to the locality of Los Tuneles are described and analyzed. These structures affect the Ordovician Yerba Loca and Los Sombreros Formations and the Paleogene-Neogene Vallecito and Rodeo Formations. The oldest units form the heights, Sierra Negra de Rodeo and Sierra de los Túneles, which are limited in their eastern flanks by the La Tranca and Los Blanquitos overthrusts, and by the angular unconformity underlying Rodeo Formation in their western ones. The regional folds show asymmetrical shapes and a wavelength comparable to the width of the Sierras, but minor structures ranging from meters to tens of meters are very common in their eastern limbs. Regional folds axis trend varies from Az 315 to Az 360 and the vergence of pre-carboniferous and andean structures point to the east, what makes very difficult to use orientation as a criterion to discriminate the differentiated deformational episodes. The comparison of sedimentological and structural features in the Rodeo area with those at the San Juan River evidences strong similarities but also important differences. Among the first ones, it can be mentioned the lithological and structural resemblance of the Ordovician units, which show NS trending axis in the eastern outcrops and point N-NW in the western ones. Main differences are the absence -in the Rodeo area- of the metapelites of the Silurian Calingasta Formation. and that of the conglomerates and rhythmites of the Devonian (?) El Planchón Formation. present in the San Juan River section.Fil:Sellés-Martínez, J. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil:Azcurra, D. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

Lower Paleozoic microestructures in the headwaters of Río Jachal, San Juan Province: Their description and interpretation

Group of microstructures present in the Ordovician Yerba Loca and Los Sombreros Formations (cropping out in the vicinity of Road 150, between cuesta del Viento and Los Túneles), are described and interpreted. Cleavage, joints and fractures, shear zones, planar and sigmoid (en echelon) veins and kink bands are most common among them. Folded and domino faulted quartz veins, resulting from pressure solution contraction during formation of axial plane cleavage, are an outstanding feature and allowed calculation of contraction associated to cleavage development. The assemblage of minor structures shows coherency with the major structures hosting them and evidences a systematic displacement and stacking of rock masses from west to east. They also show the important participation of pressure solution and re-crystallization processes during deformation, along with progressive deformation due to rotation of local structures in the regional stress field.Fil:Sellés-Martínez, J. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil:Azcurra, D. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

Testing and comparing two self-care-related instruments among older Chinese adults

Objectives The study aimed to test and compare the reliability and validity, including sensitivity and specificity of the two self-care-related instruments, the Self-care Ability Scale for the Elderly (SASE), and the Appraisal of Self-care Agency Scale-Revised (ASAS-R), among older adults in the Chinese context. Methods A cross-sectional design was used to conduct this study. The sample consisted of 1152 older adults. Data were collected by a questionnaire including the Chinese version of SASE (SASE-CHI), the Chinese version of ASAS-R (ASAS-R-CHI) and the Exercise of Self-Care Agency scale (ESCA). Homogeneity and stability, content, construct and concurrent validity, and sensitivity and specificity were assessed. Results The Cronbach's alpha (α) of SASE-CHI was 0.89, the item-to-total correlations ranged from r = 0.15 to r = 0.81, and the test-retest correlation coefficient (intra-class correlation coefficient, ICC) was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.99±1.00; P<0.001). The Cronbach's α of ASAS-R-CHI was 0.78, the item-to-total correlations ranged from r = 0.20 to r = 0.65, and the test-retest ICC was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92±0.96; P<0.001). The content validity index (CVI) of SASE-CHI and ASAS-R-CHI was 0.96 and 0.97, respectively. The findings of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) confirmed a good construct validity of SASE-CHI and ASAS-R-CHI. The Pearson's rank correlation coefficients, as a measure of concurrent validity, between total score of SASE-CHI and ESCA and ASAS-R-CHI and ESCA were assessed to 0.65 (P<0.001) and 0.62 (P<0.001), respectively. Regarding ESCA as the criterion, the area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve for the cut-point of SASE-CHI and ASAS-R-CHI were 0.93 (95% CI, 0.91±0.94) and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.80±0.86), respectively. Conclusion There is no significant difference between the two instruments. Each has its own characteristics, but SASE-CHI is more suitable for older adults. The key point is that the users can choose the most appropriate scale according to the specific situation.publishedVersionNivå