Capital social, juventude e pandemia:: os casos de Curitiba-PR e Florianópolis-SC

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the inequalities faced in Brazil. And when we think about youth, we know that remote classes and the lack of physical spaces for socialization have increased the differences in quality between public and private education. With this, we question: what are the effects of social isolation on the levels of social capital of young people? Our objective is to analyze the levels of social capital of young people before (2016) and after the pandemic (2022), in the cities of Curitiba-PR and Florianópolis-SC. We start from the hypothesis that social isolation further eroded the already low levels of social capital existing among youth. We used the quantitative protocol, analyzing data from research carried out by the Research Center on Latin America (NUPESAL/UFRGS) with young people from public and private high schools, in 2016 and 2022, in the analyzed cities.La pandemia de covid-19 ha aumentado las desigualdades que enfrenta Brasil. Cuando pensamos en la juventud, sabemos que las clases remotas y la falta de espacios físicos para socializar han aumentado las diferencias entre la calidad de la educación pública y privada. Con esto nos preguntamos: ¿cuáles son los efectos del aislamiento social en los niveles de capital social de los jóvenes? Nuestro objetivo es analizar los niveles de capital social de los jóvenes antes (2016) y después de la pandemia (2022), en las ciudades de Curitiba-PR y Florianópolis-SC. Partimos de la hipótesis de que el aislamiento social erosionó aún más los bajos niveles de capital social existentes entre los jóvenes. Se utilizó el protocolo cuantitativo, analizando datos de investigaciones realizadas por el Centro de Investigaciones sobre América Latina (Nupesal/UFRGS) con jóvenes de escuelas secundarias públicas y privadas, en 2016 y 2022, en las ciudades analizadas.A pandemia da covid-19 aumentou as desigualdades enfrentadas no Brasil. Quando pensamos na juventude, sabemos que as aulas remotas e a falta de espaços físicos de socialização aumentaram as diferenças entre a qualidade do ensino público e do privado. Com isso, questionamos: quais os efeitos do isolamento social nos níveis de capital social dos jovens? Nosso objetivo é analisar os níveis de capital social dos jovens antes (2016) e depois da pandemia (2022), nas cidades de Curitiba-PR e Florianópolis-SC. Partimos da hipótese de que o isolamento social corroeu ainda mais os baixos níveis de capital social existentes entre a juventude. Utilizamos o protocolo quantitativo, analisando os dados da pesquisa feita pelo Núcleo de Pesquisa sobre América Latina (Nupesal/UFRGS) com jovens de escolas públicas e privadas de ensino médio, em 2016 e 2022, nas cidades analisadas

Democracy coexisting with support for authoritarian regimes : the young people political culture from Porto Alegre

Os sinais conflitantes no cenário político, entre valores democráticos e valores autoritários, estão sendo cada vez mais expostos pela crise gerada na saúde, na economia e napolítica com o novo coronavírus, especialmente no Brasil. A pandemia não aumentou o autoritarismo brasileiro; apenas deflagrou atitudes e comportamentos que já estão em percursodesde as manifestações de junho de 2013. Nesse sentido, o artigo objetiva analisar os impactossocioeconômicos e culturais, em especial a ideologia, no apoio a um governo autoritário dosjovens porto-alegrenses. A hipótese central é de que os jovens de classes mais altas, com menosinteresse por política e mais à direita do espectro ideológico apoiam mais governos autoritários.Para isso o artigo vai utilizar dados da pesquisa “Democracia, valores políticos e capital social:um estudo comparativo de socialização política dos jovens no Sul do Brasil”, feita com jovens de15 a 24 anos de Porto Alegre, em 2019.The conflicting signs on the political setting between democratic values and authori-tarian values, are being increasingly exposed by the crisis generated in health, the economy andpolitics with the new coronavirus, especially in Brazil. The pandemic did not increase Brazilianauthoritarianism; only triggered attitudes and behaviors that are already on the way since thedemonstrations in June 2013. In this sense, the article aims to analyze the socioeconomic andcultural impacts, especially ideology, supporting an authoritarian government of young peoplefrom Porto Alegre. The central hypothesis is that young people from higher classes with lessinterest in politics and more to the right of the ideological spectrum support more authoritarian governments. For this, the article will use data from the research “Democracy, political valuesand social capital: a comparative study of political socialization of young people in southernBrazil”, conducted with young people aged 15 to 24 from Porto Alegre in 2019

Avaliação de classificação digital em imagens de vídeo multiespectral utilizando matriz confusão

Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi realizar classifica¸c~oes digitais e avaliar os resultadosutilizando o m´etodo da matriz confus~ao ou matriz erro em imagem de v´ıdeo multiespectral. Aclassifica¸c~ao digital utilizando o m´etodo de m´ınima dist^ancia resultou numa precis~ao globalde 81,15 %, enquanto que o m´etodo do paralelep´ıpedo, uma precis~ao global de 24,30 %.Considerando os ´ındices alcan¸cados com a classifica¸c~ao do m´etodo da m´ınima dist^ancia, autiliza¸c~ao de c^amaras de v´ıdeo como sensor n~ao convencional ´e vi´avel por apresentar baixocusto, bem como a aquisi¸c~ao e an´alise das imagens geradas em tempo real

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by post-operative trastuzumab for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus trastuzumab (NCT) increases the rate of pathological complete response (pCR) and event-free survival (EFS) compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) alone in women with HER2 positive breast cancer (BC). pCR in this setting is associated with improved EFS. Whether NCT preferentially improves EFS in comparison to NC followed by adjuvant trastuzumab initiated postoperatively (NCAT) has not been addressed. Using clinical data from women with HER2 positive BC treated at 7 European institutions between 2007 and 2010 we sought to investigate the impact on breast cancer outcomes of concomitant (NCT) versus sequential (NCAT) treatment in HER2 positive early BC. The unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) for event free survival with NCT compared with NCAT was 0.63 (95% CI 0.37–1.08; p = 0.091). Multivariable analysis revealed that treatment group, tumour size and ER status were significantly associated with EFS from diagnosis. In the whole group NCT was associated with a reduced risk of an event relative to NCAT, an effect that was confined to ER negative (HR: 0.25; 95% CI, 0.10–0.62; p = 0.003) as opposed to ER positive tumours (HR: 1.07; 95% CI, 0.46–2.52; p = 0.869). HER2 positive/ER negative BC treated with NC gain greatest survival benefit when trastuzumab is administered in both the neoadjuvant and adjuvant period rather than in the adjuvant period alone. These data support the early introduction of targeted combination therapy in HER2 positive/ER negative BC

Renal denervation in an animal model of diabetes and hypertension: Impact on the autonomic nervous system and nephropathy

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The effects of renal denervation on cardiovascular reflexes and markers of nephropathy in diabetic-hypertensive rats have not yet been explored.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Aim: To evaluate the effects of renal denervation on nephropathy development mechanisms (blood pressure, cardiovascular autonomic changes, renal GLUT2) in diabetic-hypertensive rats. Forty-one male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) ~250 g were injected with STZ or not; 30 days later, surgical renal denervation (RD) or sham procedure was performed; 15 days later, glycemia and albuminuria (ELISA) were evaluated. Catheters were implanted into the femoral artery to evaluate arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate variability (spectral analysis) one day later in conscious animals. Animals were killed, kidneys removed, and cortical renal GLUT2 quantified (Western blotting).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Higher glycemia (p < 0.05) and lower mean AP were observed in diabetics <it>vs. </it>nondiabetics (p < 0.05). Heart rate was higher in renal-denervated hypertensive and lower in diabetic-hypertensive rats (384.8 ± 37, 431.3 ± 36, 316.2 ± 5, 363.8 ± 12 bpm in SHR, RD-SHR, STZ-SHR and RD-STZ-SHR, respectively). Heart rate variability was higher in renal-denervated diabetic-hypertensive rats (55.75 ± 25.21, 73.40 ± 53.30, 148.4 ± 93 in RD-SHR, STZ-SHR- and RD-STZ-SHR, respectively, p < 0.05), as well as the LF component of AP variability (1.62 ± 0.9, 2.12 ± 0.9, 7.38 ± 6.5 in RD-SHR, STZ-SHR and RD-STZ-SHR, respectively, p < 0.05). GLUT2 renal content was higher in all groups <it>vs</it>. SHR.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Renal denervation in diabetic-hypertensive rats improved previously reduced heart rate variability. The GLUT2 equally overexpressed by diabetes and renal denervation may represent a maximal derangement effect of each condition.</p

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by post-operative trastuzumab for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus trastuzumab (NCT) increases the rate of pathological complete response (pCR) and event-free survival (EFS) compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) alone in women with HER2 positive breast cancer (BC). pCR in this setting is associated with improved EFS. Whether NCT preferentially improves EFS in comparison to NC followed by adjuvant trastuzumab initiated postoperatively (NCAT) has not been addressed. Using clinical data from women with HER2 positive BC treated at 7 European institutions between 2007 and 2010 we sought to investigate the impact on breast cancer outcomes of concomitant (NCT) versus sequential (NCAT) treatment in HER2 positive early BC. The unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) for event free survival with NCT compared with NCAT was 0.63 (95% CI 0.37–1.08; p = 0.091). Multivariable analysis revealed that treatment group, tumour size and ER status were significantly associated with EFS from diagnosis. In the whole group NCT was associated with a reduced risk of an event relative to NCAT, an effect that was confined to ER negative (HR: 0.25; 95% CI, 0.10–0.62; p = 0.003) as opposed to ER positive tumours (HR: 1.07; 95% CI, 0.46–2.52; p = 0.869). HER2 positive/ER negative BC treated with NC gain greatest survival benefit when trastuzumab is administered in both the neoadjuvant and adjuvant period rather than in the adjuvant period alone. These data support the early introduction of targeted combination therapy in HER2 positive/ER negative BC

CLÍNICA FITOSSANITÁRIA DA UERGS-VACARIA: CAPACITAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DISCENTE EM DIAGNOSE DE DOENÇAS E PRAGAS PARA AUXÍLIO AOS AGRICULTORES

A assistência técnica fitossanitária e a extensão rural têm papel fundamental no diálogo entre os centros de pesquisa agropecuários e o mundo rural, e contribuem ativamente no desenvolvimento territorial. Este trabalho em extensão iniciou em 2018 e tem sido mantido até a presente data no município de Vacaria/RS e região. Entretanto, neste artigo foram analisados os dados obtidos da clínica de abril de 2018 a dezembro 2020. O serviço de extensão auxiliou, principalmente, agricultores familiares. Já os médios e grandes agricultores foram contemplados através do serviço prestado no monitoramento da ferrugem asiática que auxilia na tomada de decisão para aplicação de agrotóxicos nas lavouras de soja da região e reduz os custos de produção e impactos no meio ambiente. Os objetivos são: a) atuar na difusão de tecnologia para agricultores em geral; b) auxiliar os agricultores na tomada de decisão no manejo de doenças e pragas nas culturas da região; c) promover maior integração entre instituições fomentando o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão; d) servir para formação para os graduandos que poderão associar a teoria com a prática; e) integrar os pesquisadores da Uergs para pesquisas tecnológicas que contemplem as necessidades de manejo fitossanitário nas culturas exploradas na região. Os resultados obtidos têm auxiliado: a) na inclusão social dos profissionais na área agrícola da região; b) promovendo aos graduandos experiências vocacionais na área de formação; c) contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do município e região através da assistência técnica fitossanitária aos agricultores; d) proporcionando visibilidade da universidade na região