Two experimental fish aggregating systems (fads) in the Aegean sea: their design and application

Duas bóias de aço spar foram construídas e ancoradas em 50 e 100 m de profundidade nas águas do Mar Egeu para dar apoio à pesca recreativa. O primeiro FAD foi implantado nas coordenadas 38°01'48''N 26°58'02''E, a uma distância de 3 milhas náuticas da costa. O outro ficou ancorado a 1,1 milha náutica da costa nas coordenadas 38°03'11''N; 26°59'01''E. Uma âncora (1.2x1.2x0.8 m3), pesando aproximadamente 2,76 toneladas, feita de concreto armado, foi usada para prender um FAD de peso aproximado de 1,5 toneladas. Foram realizados cálculos para determinação das conexões dos FADs, dos cabos e da ancoragem. A interação entre as forças de ondas e correntes com os FADs foi também investigada. No experimento, todas as forças (força de arrasto, força de empuxo, etc) atuantes sobre os FADs foram calculadas. É proposto que para a construção dos FADs deverão ser levados em consideração os seguintes fatores: ondas e correntes, forças relacionadas com os FADs, profundidade de implantação, sistema computacional dos moorings e cordas de amarração. Esse conhecimento proporcionará referência importante para os interessados em realizar projetos que visem aumentar o desempenho e a vida útil dos FADs.Two steel spar buoys were constructed and moored in 50 and 100 m deep of water in the Aegean Sea to support recreational fisheries. The first FAD was deployed at coordinates 38°01´48´´N 26°58´02´´E and at a distance of 3 nautical miles from the shoreline. The other FAD was moored at 1.1 nautical miles from the shoreline at coordinates 38°03´11´´N; 26°59´01´´E. An anchor (1.2x1.2x0.8 m3) weighing approximate 2.76 metric ton, made of reinforced concrete, was used to hold a FAD weighing approximate 1.5 metric ton. Hardware and connections of FADs, ropes, mooring calculation and anchor design were made. The interaction between the forces of wave and current and FADs in those waters was investigated. In the experiment, all forces (drag force, buoyancy force etc.) acting on FADs were calculated. It is proposed that the construction of the FADs should take the following design criteria into consideration: wave and current, forces related to the FADs, deployment depth, mooring hardware and ropes. This knowledge provides an important reference for stakeholders performing projects aiming to increase the performance and service life FADs

İzmir Körfezi’nde (Kuzeydoğu Ege Denizi) Apogon imberbis’in İlk Gözlemi

Three specimens of the Cardinal fish Apogon imberbis were observed on 02 October 2016 in the coast of Karaburun, Izmir Bay during the snorkeling. This short paper constitutes the first record of Cardinal fish from Izmir Bay, NE Aegean Sea.Keywords: Cardinal fish, Apogon imberbis, new record, Izmir Bay, NE Aegean Sea.Kardinal balığının, Apogon imberbis üç bireyi 02 Ekim 2016 tarihinde Karaburun kıyılarında (İzmir Körfezi) şnorkelle dalış sırasında gözlenmiştir. Bu kısa makale, kardinal balığının İzmir Körfezi’nden (Ege Denizi) ilk kaydını vermektedir.Anahtar sözcükler: Kardinal balığı, Apogon imberbis, yeni kayıt, İzmir Körfezi, Ege Deniz

Yapay Resiflerin Rekreasyonel Dalış için Kullanımı

Scuba diving has become a burgeoning branch of the tourism service. Various activities of recreational diving do not especially necessitate natural reefs-any varied vehicle such as ship, plane and other large structures may be adequately attractive. Coastal groups are turning to these structures by the way of supplying new locations for scuba diving tourists. Despite the lack of a global database, our literature review indicated extensive use of artificial reefs for recreation in the United States, currently viewed as the pioneering puissance and professional in the field. Moreover, the Canadian and Australian governments have both promoted several “ships to reef” programs focused on recreation. However, the used of three-dimensional structures (ships, planes etc.) as artificial reefs in sensitive ecosystems such as the Mediterranean and Red Sea is not a common practice. Although scuba divers are interested in such type of structures, ships to reef is a matter of debate especially in the Mediterranean region. In Turkey, a National Artificial Reef Program was drafted in 2008, however there is no regulation at present about intentionally sinking a ship for the creation of recreational diving destinations. The aim of this review was to investigate the use of man-made structures as artificial reefs for recreational diving around the world.Aletli dalış, turizm sektörünün gelişen bir kolu haline gelmiştir. Çoğu rekreasyonel dalış aktivitesi özellikle doğal resiflere gereksinim göstermemekte, gemi, uçak ve diğer büyük yapılı araçlar da dalış için yeterince cazip olabilmektedir. Kıyısal alan kullanıcıları dalış yapan turistlere yeni yerler sağlamak için bu yapılara yönelmektedirler. Küresel bir veri tabanı olmamasına rağmen, literatür incelememiz günümüzde bu alanda öncü ve uzman olarak görülen ABD’nin rekreasyonel dalış için yapay resifleri yaygın şekilde kullandığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca Kanada ve Avustralya hükümetleri rekreasyon üzerine odaklanan “gemi resifi” programlarını geliştirmişlerdir. Ancak Akdeniz ve Kızıldeniz gibi hassas ekosistemlerde üç boyutlu yapıların (gemi, uçak vb.) yapay resif olarak kullanılması yaygın bir uygulama değildir. Her ne kadar dalgıçlar bu tür yapılara ilgi duyuyor olsalar da, gemi resifleri özellikle Akdeniz’de tartışma konusudur. Türkiye’de bir “Ulusal Yapay Resif Programı” 2008 yılında hazırlanmıştır, fakat programda rekreasyonel dalış alanları oluşturmak için kasten gemi batırma hakkında bir düzenleme bulunmamaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı, dünya çapında rekreasyonel dalış için insan yapımı yapıların yapay resif olarak kullanımını araştırmaktır

Comparison of fish community structure on artificial reefs deployed at different depths on turkish Aegean sea coast

A profundidade da implantação de recifes artificiais é uma das questões mais importantes no planejamento de etapas e do futuro êxito. A maior parte dos estudos visando determinar a comunidade de peixes em volta de recifes artificiais foi realizada, principalmente , a profundidades de 10-25m no Mediterrâneo e Mar Egeu. Os objetivos deste estudo são determinar e comparar a estrutura da comunidade de peixes em volta de recifes artificiais que foram implantados a profundidades de 20, 30 e 40 m. A técnica de censo visual foi usada para determinar as espécies e obter uma estimativa do número e tamanho dos peixes. Não houve nenhuma diferença estatística (p> 0.05) entre as profundidades, na média da biomassa de peixes e no número de indivíduos. Entretanto, a média do número de espécies foi significativamente maior nos 20 m em comparação com as profundidades de 30 m e de 40 m (pDeployment depth of artificial reefs is one of the most important issue in planning stage and future success. Most of the studies aimed at determination of fish community around artificial reefs were conducted mainly 10-25m depths in Mediterranean and Aegean Sea. The goals of this study are determine and compare of fish community structure around artificial reefs which deployed 20, 30 and 40 m depths. Underwater visual census technique was used to determine fish species, number of individual and size estimation. There was no statistical difference (p>0.05) in mean fish biomass and number of individual between the depths. But mean species number was significantly greater on 20 m in comparison to 30 m and 40 m depths (

Tracking aquatic animals for fisheries management in European waters

Acoustic telemetry (AT) has emerged as a valuable tool for monitoring aquatic animals in both European inland and marine waters over the past two decades. The European Tracking Network (ETN) initiative has played a pivotal role in promoting collaboration among AT researchers in Europe and has led to a significant increase in the number of tagged and observed aquatic animals in transboundary European waters. While AT benefits decision-making and delivers essential data to management bodies, its potential for management decision-making mechanisms has yet to be fully harnessed. We reviewed existing research, studies, and organisational initiatives related to aquatic animal tracking and their utility in fisheries management in European waters. We found that AT has already contributed to many aspects of fisheries management, such as improved understanding of stock dynamics, identification of critical habitats, assessment of migration routes, and evaluation of the effectiveness of conservation measures. However, broader utilisation of tracking technologies is needed. By leveraging the full potential of AT, managers can make more informed decisions to protect, restore, and sustainably manage European waters and creatures that live therein

Transcending boundaries in fish movement ecology through the European Tracking Network

6th International Conference on Fish Telemetry, Sète (France), 11-16 June 2023In the marine realm, few barriers exist to limit the extent of animal migrations. As a result, mobile marine animals can occupy vast home ranges and undertake migrations that span across entire ocean basins. These large-scale movements can in turn, complicate both research and management occurring at local or regional scales. Advances in aquatic telemetry are continuing to allow researchers to monitor marine animal movements across greater distances and with increasing resolutions. However, for acoustic telemetry studies that typically use an array of fixed receivers to detect presence of tagged animals moving within a defined region, the spatial scale of acquired movement data is often restricted to regions delimited by invisible geographic or jurisdictional boundaries. To overcome this limitation, acoustic telemetry networks such as the European Tracking Network have been established to facilitate collaboration among movement ecologists and to house archives of detection data for more efficient data sharing. By combining the detections of individual tagged animals recorded across multiple discrete arrays, the extent of monitoring can be greatly expanded to reflect more ecologically-relevant spatial and temporal scales. To exemplify the benefit of the acoustic telemetry networks for large-scale collaboration and fundamental research on migratory fish, we have compiled examples of movement trajectories collected by an international group of researchers using multiple acoustic arrays and spanning national or international boundaries. From basin-wide migrations to cross-continental displacements, this diverse dataset demonstrates how connectivity between acoustic telemetry arrays and research institutes can lead to novel insights in movement ecology for a range of fish speciesN

New Alien Mediterranean Biodiversity Records (August 2022)

In this Collective Article on alien and cryptogenic diversity in the Mediterranean Sea we report a total of 19 species belonging to nine Phyla and coming from nine countries. Several of these records concern fish species, and of particular interest are the first records of: Terapon puta for Italian waters; Pteragopus trispilus from Malta; Plotosus lineatus from Cyprus; and the northernmost Mediterranean record of Lagocephalus sceleratus. The northernmost Mediterranean record was also reported for the sea urchin Diadema setosum. The portunid crab Thalamita poissonii was recorded for the first time in Libya. The copepod Pseudodiaptomus marinus was recorded for the first time in the Marmara Sea. The polychaete Branchiomma luctuosum was recorded for the first time from the Mediterranean coast of France. The alien anemone Diadumene lineata was recorded for the first time from Slovenia. The macroalgae Sargassum furcatum was recorded for the first time from Italy. The new Mediterranean records here reported help tracing abundance and distribution of alien and cryptic species in the Mediterranean Sea

Akustik konumlandırma sistemlerinin yapay resif alanlarında kullanımı

Acoustic telemetry technology has been used for monitoring fish in artificial reefs since twenty years. In this study, acoustic positioning system design was developed for telemetry studies in artificial reefs. The performance and effective detection distance of acoustic positioning system were also determined. In this research was carried out between July and September of 2013 in Edremit Bay artificial reefs area, Vemco of acoustic positioning system (VPS; Vemco Positioning System) was used. 6 acoustic receivers (VR2W), 5 synchronization transmitters (Synctag; V13-1L) and 1 control transmitter (Reftag; V13T-1L) were deployed as a pentagonal design. While 89.9% of the signals were captured by at least one receiver, 62.1% of the signals were determined by at least one receiver in a range of 600 m. This study as being the first for Turkey is expected to contribute scientific literature for artificial reef studies.Akustik telemetri teknolojisinin yapay resif alanlarındaki canlıların izlenmesinde kullanımına son yirmi yılda rastlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yapay resif alanlarında yapılacak telemetri çalışmaları için akustik konumlandırma sistemi tasarımı geliştirilmiş, etkili algılama mesafesi (menzil) ve performansı belirlenmiştir. Edremit Körfezi yapay resif alanında Temmuz-Eylül 2013 tarihleri arasında yürütülen araştırmada, Vemco firmasına ait akustik konumlandırma sistemi (VPS; Vemco Positioning System) kullanılmıştır. Beşgen şeklindeki VPS tasarımı, 6 adet akustik alıcı (VR2W), 5 adet senkronizasyon vericisi (Synctag; V13-1L) ve 1 adet kontrol vericisinden (Reftag; V13T-1L) meydana gelmiştir. Çalışmada senkronizasyon vericilerden gelen sinyallerin %89,9'u üç ya da daha fazla alıcı tarafından tespit edilirken, vericilerden gelen sinyallerin %62,1'i 600 m bir alanda en az bir alıcı tarafından belirlenmiştir. Ülkemiz için bir ilk olma özelliği taşıyan bu çalışmanın, yapay resif alanlarında yapılacak bilimsel çalışmalara gerekli literatür katkısını sağlaması beklenmektedir