Satellite to satellite tracking error analysis studies and data processing

An error analysis was conducted to examine the effects of placing the target satellite in an orbit nearly coplanar with the relay satellite and of data span length on the accuracy with which the satellite states can be recovered. An analysis of error models using actual satellite to satellite tracking data spans is included. Results are tabulated

Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Rapidly-Rotating Solar-Mass Stars: Emission Line Redshifts as a Test of the Solar-Stellar Connection

We compare high-resolution ultraviolet spectra of the Sun and thirteen solarmass main sequence stars with different rotational periods that serve as proxies for their different ages and magnetic field structures. In this the second paper in the series, we study the dependence of ultraviolet emission-line centroid velocities on stellar rotation period, as rotation rates decrease from that of the Pleiades star HII314 (Prot = 1.47 days) to Alpha Cen A (Prot = 28 days). Our stellar sample of F9 V to G5 V stars consists of six stars observed with the Cosmic Origins 1Guest Observer, NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and User of the Data Archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute. Spectrograph on HST and eight stars observed with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on HST. We find a systematic trend of increasing redshift with more rapid rotation (decreasing rotation period) that is similar to the increase in line red shift between quiet and plage regions on the Sun. The fastest-rotating solar-mass star in our study, HII314, shows significantly enhanced redshifts at all temperatures above log T = 4.6, including the corona, which is very different from the redshift pattern observed in the more slowly-rotating stars. This difference in the redshift pattern suggests that a qualitative change in the magnetic-heating process occurs near Prot = 2 days. We propose that HII314 is an example of a solar-mass star with a magnetic heating rate too large for the physical processes responsible for the redshift pattern to operate in the same way as for the more slowly rotating stars. HII314 may therefore lie above the high activity end of the set of solar-like phenomena that is often called the "solar-stellar connection".Comment: 36 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal July 201

Volcanological constraints of Archaean tectonics

Volcanological and trace element geochemical data can be integrated to place some constraints upon the size, character and evolutionary history of Archean volcanic plumbing, and hence indirectly, Archean tectonics. The earliest volcanism in any greenhouse belt is almost universally tholeitic basalt. Archean mafic magma chambers were usually the site of low pressure fractionation of olivine, plagioclase and later Cpx + or - an oxide phase during evolution of tholeitic liquids. Several models suggest basalt becoming more contaminated by sial with time. Data in the Uchi Subprovince shows early felsic volcanics to have fractionated REE patterns followed by flat REE pattern rhyolites. This is interpreted as initial felsic liquids produced by melting of a garnetiferous mafic source followed by large scale melting of LIL-rich sial. Rare andesites in the Uchi Subprovince are produced by basalt fractionation, direct mantle melts and mixing of basaltic and tonalitic liquids. Composite dikes in the Abitibi Subprovince have a basaltic edge with a chill margin, a rhyolitic interior with no basalt-rhyolite chill margin and partially melted sialic inclusions. Ignimbrites in the Uchi and Abitibi Subprovinces have mafic pumice toward the top. Integration of these data suggest initial mantle-derived basaltic liquids pond in a sialic crust, fractionate and melt sial. The inirial melts low in heavy REE are melts of mafic material, subsequently melting of adjacent sial produces a chamber with a felsic upper part underlain by mafic magma

Impact assessment in higher education : A strategic view from the UK.

This article focuses on the importance of impact in higher education from a strategic perspective, exploring its value to institutions, learners and prospective students in today’s higher education context, using the UK as a case study. The increasing prominence of impact in HEPs is discussed, with consideration given to the operational structures and approaches which can be adopted to enable the monitoring and evaluation of impact in higher education providers

Defining Insanity: How an Individual\u27s View Can Impact a Trial

The insanity plea has always been a controversial topic among anyone. No one sees eye to eye on the matter. This can present a problem within professional fields. When insanity cases are brought into courtrooms, legal and psychology professionals need to be able to agree to some extent. However, these professionals have no true control on how jurors define insanity. Jurors tend to determine guilty or not guilty in insanity cases, based on their own personal views. The current study is a replication of Doctor John Geiger’s 2003 and 2008 study of how legal professionals and undergraduate psychology students view the seven different definitions of insanity. In this article it will show how undergraduate criminal justice and psychology students define and view insanity

Three-dimensional Analytical Model of Tidal Flow in the Damariscotta River Estuary, ME

Estuaries are coastal bodies of water subjected to strong tidal influence and characterized by their morphology, tidal dynamics, topography, and stratification. Tidal flow is critically important to the water circulation, nutrient influx, and sediment transport in or out of an estuary. However, tidal asymmetry enhanced by estuary shape and nonlinear processes can lead to complications in estuarine flow. Analytical models are used to systematically study tidal flow within an estuary. Previous studies have derived analytical models of varying complexity and applied them to investigate tidal and residual flow. This thesis derives a three-dimensional analytical model with a perturbation expansion of the Navier-Stokes equations in the shallow water limit, modified from. The resulting zero-order solution is analyzed to provide insight into the tidal flow of the Damariscotta River estuary. The Damariscotta River is a tidally-dominated, well-mixed estuary located on the coast of Maine. Despite its importance to local aquaculture, few studies have been conducted within the estuary. This thesis is an exploratory study providing further understanding of the tidal flow dynamics of the Damariscotta River estuary. The water level elevation and three-dimensional tidal flow velocity are presented, and sensitivity to changes in friction and width convergence are studied by altering their respective parameters, vertical eddy viscosity and width convergence factor. Water level elevation amplitude increases along-channel due to amplification from width convergence and, contrarily, along-channel velocity amplitude decreases along-channel due to friction, which suggests that width convergence dominates friction in determining water elevation, but friction has greater influence over velocity. This could be the result of the model assuming constant friction. Lateral velocities exhibited a two-cell structure with flow of the near-surface cell and the near-bottom cell in opposite directions. Results of the model compared well to previous studies within the estuary and to the Upper Ems estuary, which has similar dynamics as the Damariscotta estuary although important morphological distinctions should be noted. Tidal asymmetry and variable friction within the estuary were not studied in this thesis, as non-linear terms were dropped in governing equations and vertical eddy viscosity was assumed to be constant. Furthermore, the model considers the zero-order solution and is unable to study residual flow in the estuary. Future work should investigate tidal asymmetry and residual flow in the Damariscotta estuary, while considering a more complicated friction regime

Lunar robotic maintenance module

A design for a robotic maintenance module that will assist a mobile 100-meter lunar drill is introduced. The design considers the following areas of interest: the atmospheric conditions, actuator systems, power supply, material selection, weight, cooling system and operation

The Mg 2 h and k lines in a sample of dMe and dM stars

Both Mg II h and k line fluxes are presented for a sample of 4 dMe and 3 dM stars obtained with the IUE satellite in the long wavelength, low dispersion mode. The observed fluxes are converted to stellar surface flux units and the importance of chromospheric non radiative heating in this sample of M dwarf stars is intercompared. In addition, the net chromospheric radiative losses due to the Ca II H and K lines in those stars in the sample for which calibrated Ca II H and K line data exist are compared. Active region filling factors which likely give rise to the observed optical and ultraviolet chromospheric emission are estimated. The implications of the results for homogeneous, single component stellar model chromospheres analyses are discussed

The Undergraduate Research Scholarship Scheme: a co-created approach to transforming student learning

The value of student as researcher/‘co-producer’ has been well documented in the research literature. This case study outlines an institutional 'student as researcher' initiative that was introduced to enable the co-creation of research by undergraduate students working in partnership with members of academic staff. The paper outlines the establishment and implementation of the scheme and offers a reflection upon and exploration of its perceived value, through the lens of staff and students who participated in it