The Development of Asylum Law in Turkey Within the Framework of the European Union's Harmonization Process

The impact of the European Union (EU) on international policy in Turkey is already regarded as minimal because of the absence of genuine membership prospects. Nevertheless, the approval by Turkey of the asylum laws in the past that fulfills virtually all of the EU's requirements speaks to the continued impact of the EU throughout this policy position. Most of our web-based study's academic scholars believed EU membership to be a key element in the passage of the bill. The conversations with Turkish State officials, as well as the European Commission, show how the EU affected the drafting process. This study discusses the influence and development of Europeanization on policy structures in Turkey within the asylum and refugee policy framework. It looks at the effect of Europeanization on the transition of Turkish pre-accession to the EU. Also, it explores how Turkey carries out its duties at the policy level in relation to an international refugee protection framework as well as asylum seekers harmonization

Serum vitamin D levels in newborn with clavicle fracture

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the possible role of vitamin D on the clavicle fracture in the newborn. Materials and Methods: This retrospective crosssectional study was conducted between 2018-2020. Infants who were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit due to the clavicle fracture were included. Infants who did not have a fracture, but were admitted to the hospital for reasons instead of exclusion criteria were included as the control group. Birth weight, height, head circumference, gender, gestational week, delivery type, other clinical findings such as brachial plexus paralysis in the infant, maternal age, number of pregnancies, risk factors time to diagnosis were recorded. According to the serum 25-OH vitamin D levels, newborns were classified as having normal vitamin D status (>30 ng/mL), vitamin D insufficient (between 20-30 ng/mL), or deficiency (<20 ng/mL). Groups were compared for the vitamin D levels, the demographics and clinical characteristics. Results: A total of 48 infants were included. The groups did not differ in terms of demographics. Age of diagnosis ranged from postnatal 1 to 6 days of life. Serum calcium levels were significantly lower in the case group. Although phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels did not differ between groups, vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the case group. Conclusion: This study shows that newborns with clavicle fracture had lower vitamin D levels. Cautious palpation of the clavicle can catch the fracture before the hospital discharge even there is no evident symptom and serum vitamin D level of those infants should be checked in order to detect the possible deficiency timely

Prolonged Jaundice in Newborn

Prolonged jaundice is defined as a serum bilirubin level higher than 85 μmol/L (5 mg/dl), which persists at postnatal 14 days in term infants and 21 days following the birth in preterm infants. It affects 2–15% of all newborns and 40% of breastfed infants. Although underlying cause can not be found in the majority of prolonged jaundice cases, this may also be the first sign of a serious causative pathology. Tests performed to determine the underlying cause and failure to determine the etiology cause anxiety for both families and physicians. The most important point is to determine whether prolonged jaundice is of a benign cause or is due to a substantial disease. For this reason, health care providers should not take unnecessary tests in normal infants, but should also recognize infants with a causative pathology. Neonatal jaundice still maintains its importance in neonatal clinical practice, since early diagnosis and treatment is feasible

Can Mean Platelet Volume Value Be Used as Inflammation Marker in Children with Familial Mediterranean Fever?

Aim:Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is disrupted response to inflammation by the organism as a result of mutations in the MEFV gene. It has been shown that the mean platelet volume could be used as a marker in many inflammatory diseases. In this study, it was aimed to determine inflammation by observing the changes in the mean platelet volume in the complete blood count.Materials and Methods:The study included 570 children diagnosed with the FMF based on the Tel-Hashomer Criteria. We also included 73 healthy children as a control group. Demographic features, results of genetic analyses, complete blood count parameters, mean platelet volume levels, and C-reactive protein results were evaluated retrospectively. Data of the patients were recorded separately based on the acute attack and attack-free periods under treatment.Results:The mean platelet volume was found to be 8.4±2.4 fL in the attack period and 9.5±1.9 fL in the attack-free period. The mean platelet volume was significantly lower in patients with an attack period compared to the patients at an attack-free period. Leukocyte count and C-reactive protein were statistically significantly higher in the attack period compared to the attack-free period.Conclusion:The mean platelet volume decreases in patients with FMF with the effect of inflammation during the attack period. We think that it is important to consider mean platelet volume while evaluating the blood count

Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Infants with Transient Hypothyroxinemia of Prematurity in a Newborn Intensive Care Unit

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate neurological development of infants with transient premature hypothyroxinemia (THOP). METHODS: This prospective study included newborns who were born between 28-36 weeks of gestation (GW) and were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Newborns exposed to maternal thyroid disease, or with severe intracranial problems, and congenital anomalies were excluded. Infants with THOP were the study group and those without THOP formed the control group. The study group was subdivided into those receiving levothyroxine replacement (5 μg/kg/day) and those who were untreated. Neonatal demographics, and morbidities, including respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) were evaluated. The Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) and ASQ: Social-Emotional (ASQ: SE) developmental screening tests were administered to the entire study population at the corrected age of two years. RESULTS: Seventy infants were included in this study, 40 of whom had THOP. The mean GW was 34.4+-3.8 weeks in the study group and 37.2+-2.3 weeks in controls (p=0.69). Mean overall birth weight was 1640+-428 g. Levothyroxine replacement was started in 12/40 infants (30%). The groups were similar in terms of demographic characteristics. Rates of BPD and ROP were higher in the treated group (p=0.01). ASQ and ASQ: SE results did not differ between groups (p=0.75), nor did these scores differ between infants with THOP who did or did not receive levothyroxine (p=0.14). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Although levothyroxine replacement therapy was associated with increased rates of BPD and ROP, this treatment did not appear to improve long-term neurological outcomes in this small group of infants with THOP. Prospective controlled studies with much larger sample sizes are needed to clarify the role of levothyroxine replacement in THOP

Antinuclear antibody testing in a Turkish pediatrics clinic: is it always necessary?

Introduction:&nbsp;the term anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) is used to define a large group of autoantibodies which specifically bind to nuclear elements. Although healthy individuals may also have ANA positivity, the measurement of ANA is generally used in the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders. However, various studies have shown that ANA testing may be overused, especially in pediatrics clinics. Our aim was to investigate the reasons for antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing in the general pediatrics and pediatric rheumatology clinics of our hospital and to determine whether ANA testing was ordered appropriately by evaluating chief complaints and the ultimate diagnoses of these cases. Methods:&nbsp;the medical records of pediatric patients in whom ANA testing was performed between January 2014 and June 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Subjects were grouped according to the indication for ANA testing and ANA titers. Results:&nbsp;ANA tests were ordered in a total of 409 patients during the study period, with 113 positive ANA results. The ANA test was ordered mostly due to joint pain (50% of the study population). There was an increased likelihood of autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) with higher ANA titer. The positive predictive value of an ANA test was 16% for any connective tissue disease and 13% for lupus in the pediatric setting. Conclusion:&nbsp;in the current study, more than one-fourth of the subjects were found to have ANA positivity, while only 15% were ultimately diagnosed with ARDs. Our findings underline the importance of an increased awareness of correct indications for ANA testing

Current Migration Data and Main Problem Areas Relating to Syrian refugees in Turkey

The events that started in the neighbouring country Syria in March 2011 within the framework of the popular uprisings that took place in Arab countries such as Tunisia and Egypt, which is referred to as the "Arab Spring" in the literature, turned into great chaos and civil war in a short time. The civil war in Syria has brought along a great humanitarian tragedy, security problem and mass migration wave to neighbouring countries. Nearly ten million Syrians have turned to internal and external immigrants. In this context, humanitarian concerns and the "open door policy" that opened its borders to all Syrians seeking asylum in Turkey, there are already three and half million have been given temporary asylum to Syrian refugees. Despite the end of the wave of refugees, Turkey is still a case of escape and a country of asylum for refugees. Therefore, it is too essential to collect and analyse the latest migration trends in Turkey. In this study, first Turkey's latest migration trends, with their analysis of data and statistics, will be made, and graphs, maps and tables will support it. Then, the problems of Syrian refugees and Turkey's issues are facing through the process of dealing with the refugees. Besides, the study results available that refugees' problems and potential risks to Turkey are assessed

The Development of Asylum Law in Turkey Within the Framework of the European Union's Harmonization Process

The impact of the European Union (EU) on international policy in Turkey is already regarded as minimal because of the absence of genuine membership prospects. Nevertheless, the approval by Turkey of the asylum laws in the past that fulfills virtually all of the EU's requirements speaks to the continued impact of the EU throughout this policy position. Most of our web-based study's academic scholars believed EU membership to be a key element in the passage of the bill. The conversations with Turkish State officials, as well as the European Commission, show how the EU affected the drafting process. This study discusses the influence and development of Europeanization on policy structures in Turkey within the asylum and refugee policy framework. It looks at the effect of Europeanization on the transition of Turkish pre-accession to the EU. Also, it explores how Turkey carries out its duties at the policy level in relation to an international refugee protection framework as well as asylum seekers harmonization