Telemonitoring for heart failure:a meta-analysis

AIMS: Telemonitoring modalities in heart failure (HF) have been proposed as being essential for future organization and transition of HF care, however, efficacy has not been proven. A comprehensive meta-analysis of studies on home telemonitoring systems (hTMS) in HF and the effect on clinical outcomes are provided. METHODS AND RESULTS: A systematic literature search was performed in four bibliographic databases, including randomized trials and observational studies that were published during January 1996-July 2022. A random-effects meta-analysis was carried out comparing hTMS with standard of care. All-cause mortality, first HF hospitalization, and total HF hospitalizations were evaluated as study endpoints. Sixty-five non-invasive hTMS studies and 27 invasive hTMS studies enrolled 36 549 HF patients, with a mean follow-up of 11.5 months. In patients using hTMS compared with standard of care, a significant 16% reduction in all-cause mortality was observed [pooled odds ratio (OR): 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77-0.93, I2: 24%], as well as a significant 19% reduction in first HF hospitalization (OR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.74-0.88, I2: 22%) and a 15% reduction in total HF hospitalizations (pooled incidence rate ratio: 0.85, 95% CI 0.76-0.96, I2: 70%). CONCLUSION: These results are an advocacy for the use of hTMS in HF patients to reduce all-cause mortality and HF-related hospitalizations. Still, the methods of hTMS remain diverse, so future research should strive to standardize modes of effective hTMS.</p

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P &lt; 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Characterization of biosurfactants enhancing kerosene degradation

Keroseneis a colorlessflammable hydrocarbon liquidandit is obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum[1]. Ithas numerous applicationsas fuel for jet engines, heating oil, solvent andinsecticide[2].Because ofgrowing needs of kerosene production and extensive usage may endup with surface water contamination.Due to its hightoxicity to biota, kerosene contaminationrequires remedial action to reduce environmental damage[3].Biodegradation is an effective and eco-friendly methodperformedbyhydrocarbondegrading bacteria.Some ofhydrocarbon degrading bacteria have the ability toproduce extracellular compounds called biosurfactants.Based on their diverse chemical structures,biosurfactants are classified as glycolipids, lipopeptides, phospholipids, fatty acids, neutral lipids, and polysaccharide–protein complexes [4]. Biosurfactants can reducesurface tension and emulsify hydrocarbonsbyenhancingthebioavailability. They also have advantages over chemicalsurfactants byhaving low toxicity, being biodegradable[5]and efficient even at extreme temperature or pHconditions[6].Therefore, characterization of biosurfactants produced by hydrocarbon degraders is of great interest especially in environmental applications [4].This study aimed at determining biosurfactants produced bykerosene degraders. Therefore, previously determined 19 kerosene degraders were primarily screened for their biosurfactant productivity against kerosene. In order to characterizethe type of biosurfactant; Phenol-H2SO4, Biuret, Phosphate and CTAB/Methylene Blue Agar Plate testswere performed.All the isolatesshowedpositive responsestoCTAB/Methylene Blue Agar Plate test, confirming the production rhamnolipid biosurfactants[7]. These results were also justified withFourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy

Monorhamnolipids Predominance among Kerosene Degraders

Rhamnolipids, produced during biodegradation, enhance the removal of hydrocarbons by decreasing the surface tension and increasing the bioavailability. Unlike the synthetic surfactants, rhamnolipids are very promising for bioremediation because of low toxicity and biodegradability. Therefore, the need for eco-friendly and biodegradable surfactants like rhamnolipids for reliable environmental cleanup is increasing. The present work revealed that kerosene degraders were the potential source of rhamnolipids. For this finding, six kerosene degrading bacterial isolates were investigated for their biosurfactant production. All of the isolates namely Pseudomonas plecoglossicida Ag10, Raoultella planticola Ag11, Staphylococcus aureus Ba01, Enterococcus faecalis Cr07, Acinetobacter johnsonii Sb01, and Pantoea agglomerans Sn11 were determined as rhamnolipid producers through oil spreading activity, emulsification index, and microbial adhesion to hydrocarbon tests. Blue agar plate method, thin layer chromatography, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses were also performed to characterize the rhamnolipids. The results revealed that mono-rhamnolipids were dominant among kerosene degraders

KEROSEN PARÇALAYAN BAKTERİLERDE BİYOSÜRFEKTAN KARAKTERİZASYONU

Günümüzde enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılan petrol kaynaklı ürünler, hem sanayi alanında hem de günlük yaşamda çok önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu ürünler, son derece karmaşık olan alifatik ve aromatik hidrokarbon karışımlardan oluşmaktadır. Sanayinin ve teknolojinin hızlıca ilerlemesiyle birlikte petrol ürünlerinin büyük miktarda üretimi ve kullanılması sonucunda ciddi çevre problemleri gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Özellikle bu petrol ürünlerinden biri olan kerosen, bugünün büyük çevre sorunlarından biridir. Kerosen; uçak yakıtı, ısıtma yağı, sanayide pas giderici, tarımda insektisit gibi birçok alanda kullanılmaktadır. Dünyanın kerosene olan ilgisinin artmasıyla, üretimi hız kazanmış ancak yaygın kullanımı sonucu, depolama veya taşıma gibi aşamalarında birçok kazanın yaşanması kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Kerosenin çevreye bırakılması, yüzey sularına bulaşması ile kerosen yapısında bulunan birçok kimyasal madde, bitkilere, hayvanlara ve insanlara ciddi zararlar vermektedir. Kerosenin suda çözünememesi çok büyük kirliliğe sebep olmakta ve ortamdan uzaklaştırılmasını güçleştirmektedir. Kerosen kirliliğinin giderilmesi için en etkili yöntem ise biyodegredasyondur. Petrol atık ürünleri mikroorganizmalar tarafından organik karbon ve enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılarak, sucul ortamdan etkili bir şekilde uzaklaştırılmaktadır. Biodegradasyon, hem ekonomik hem de çevre dostu bir uygulama olmasından dolayı tercih edilmektedir.Kerosen gibi petrol ve türevlerinin yapısında bulunan hidrofobik bileşi

UNCERTAINTY MEASUREMENT OF SAMPLE PROCESSING OF TOMATO BY USING C-14-CHLORPYRIFOS FOR PESTICIDE RESIDUE ANALYSIS

The homogeneity of analytical sample should be checked prior to analysis. Sample processing, which may be source of systematic errors, is the procedure used to make the analytical sample acceptably homogenous with respect to the analyte distribution. For a quick quantify the analyte in the extract without clean-up, vertically cut tomato samples were surface treated with C-14-chlorpyrifos, communited and extracted. Then C-14-chlorpyrifos radioactivity was determined in the replicate analytical portions of different size and uncertainty of sample processing was determined. F test revealed that, the processed samples were well-mixed. The typical sampling constant (K-S), was calculated as 1.24 kg

Testing the stability of pesticides during sample processing for the chlorpyrifos and malathion residue analysis in cucumber, including matrix effects

This article describes the procedure of the testing the stability of compounds during sample processing for the pesticide residue analysis in cucumber, including matrix matched assessment. To find out significant differences, one-tailed t test was applied to the data at 95% confidence level. Our results showed that the calculated value was bigger than the critical value (t (calc) > t (crit) ), which means the pesticides were decomposed under our processing conditions