Carotidynia: Similar Clinical Picture, Different Radiological Findings

Carotidynia is an unusual condition that is characterized by pain at the carotid artery bifurcation without any abnormality except for tenderness on palpation. The independent existence of this entity is generally doubted. Recently, some radiological and histological clues to this disease have been reported. Although the exact cause of carotidynia is unknown it is thought that this entity is a self-limiting inflammatory process and may be a subset of vasculitis. Treatment is conservative and anti-inflammatory drugs are effective. In this paper, we report three carotidynia patients with similar clinical features but different radiological findings

Recent Landmark Studies on Head and Neck Cancers: Evidence-Based Fundamentals of Modern Therapeutic Approaches.

Evidence-based medicine, established on prospective studies and related algorithms is living its golden age in recent years. Within the last few decades, medical knowledge has been systematically produced, categorized, and spread in a way never seen before. One of the most important factors in realizing this situation is the expansion of the communication facilities. The area of the management of head and neck cancers was also affected by these advances, and studies with high-level evidence became the mainstay in the determination of the management strategies. However, probably almost all of these studies are about non-surgical modalities, and studies with high-level evidence regarding the surgical treatment of head and neck cancers are scarce. In this paper, important studies on head and neck cancers and their results will be reviewed

Atipik prezentasyonlu Bir pediatrik renal hücreli karsinom vakası: Boyunda kitle

The most common malignant diseases of the head and neck in the adolescent period are acute leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and thyroid carcinoma. Although renal cell carcinoma (RCC) may metastasize in the cervical lymph nodes, both occurrence and presentation as a neck mass are rare in the childhood period. In this report, we present a sixteen-year-old girl who was admitted with a left neck mass at presentation. The primary tumor was found to be located in the left kidney and both masses were surgically removed, revealing a diagnosis of a translocation renal cell carcinoma with metastases. Distant metastases of abdominal and thoracic malignancies may present with metastatic lymph nodes, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of the neck masses in children.Adölesan dönemde baş boyun bölgesinde en sık rastlanılan malign hastalıklar; akut lösemi, Hodgkin lenfoma, non-Hodgkin lenfoma, nazofarenks kanseri ve tiroid kanseridir. Renal hücreli karsinom (RHK) servikal lenf nodlarına metastaz yapabilmekle beraber, çocukluk döneminde görülmesi ve boyun kitlesi ile başvurusu çok nadirdir. Bu yazıda ilk başvuru şikayeti sol boyunda kitle olan on altı yaşında bir kız çocuğunu sunuyoruz. Hastanın sol böbreğinde yerleşik olduğu tespit edilen primer tümör ve boyun metastazı eksize edildi ve patolojik tanı translokasyonal renal hücreli karsinom olarak rapor edildi. Abdominal ve torasik malignensiler metastatik lenf nodları ile prezente olabileceğinden çocuklarda boyun kitlelerine yaklaşımda ayırıcı tanıda bulundurulmalıdır

Pretreatment Neutrophil- Lymphocyte Ratio in Salivary Gland Tumors Is Associated with Malignancy

WOS: 000389146500012PubMed: 27436419Objective. To assess pretreatment levels in the counts and percentages of leukocytes and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in benign and malignant salivary gland tumors (SGTs) while investigating whether NLR is an inflammatory marker for distinguishing low-from high-grade parotid gland tumors. Study Design. Case series with chart review. Setting. Tertiary referral center. Subjects and Methods. This study was performed on 182 patients with SGTs (age range: 16-87 years; 93 male and 89 female) who were treated between January 2010 and May 2015. Pretreatment counts and percentages of leukocytes and NLR were measured preoperatively in benign and malignant tumors. Results. Mean neutrophil percentage (63.50% +/- 12.11% vs 58.76% +/- 8.20%, P =.008) and NLR (3.29+/-3.13 vs 2.13 +/- 1.26, P =.008) were significantly higher in patients with malignant SGTs than in patients with benign SGTs. Mean lymphocyte count (2.42+/-0.72 10(3)/mm(3) vs 1.97+/-0.87 10(3)/mm(3) , P<.001) and percentage (30.67%+/-7.68% vs 26.86%+/-10.15%, P =.011) were lower in patients with malignant SGTs than in patients with benign SGTs. Mean lymphocyte percentage and NLR were significantly different between low-and high-grade malignant parotid gland tumors (P =.026 and P =.030, respectively). Conclusion. Elevated NLR could be an inflammatory marker to distinguish low-from high-grade malignant parotid gland tumors

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the posterior tongue.

In the head and neck mucosa, neuroendocrine carcinomas of the oral cavity is rare. Herein, we present the first report of a small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in a 54-year-old man on the right lateral posterior tongue. It is important to remember that although neuroendocrine small cell carcinomas (SCCs) are most commonly seen in the lung, they rarely may arise in the extrapulmonary sites, including salivary glands, as well. As there is not any standard therapeutic regimen already existing, it is important to be aware of and to know how to deal with such rare cases

The basaloid variant of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx

INTRODUCTION: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare subtype of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Because of its rarity, both clinical and prognostic features of this variant are not well known. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of BSCC and other SCC variants among all laryngeal SCC cases, and to determine clinical and prognostic features of BSCC variant. Study design: retrospective cohort study. Evidence level: Level 2b. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Records of the patients who had laryngeal SCC surgically treated at our institute between 2007 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Among 198 subjects who had laryngeal SCC surgically treated, the frequency of the variants of SCC other than classical variant was 10.1% (20/198). The most common SCC variant was BSCC (6.6%). Eleven (84.6%) patients with BSCC were at an advanced stage at the presentation (p > 0.05). The 3-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 63% and 53% respectively. CONCLUSION: BSCC variant may be more common than previously reported. Since almost the half of patients experiences disease recurrence in the early period, multimodal treatment strategies should be employed at initial treatment, and a close follow-up is strongly recommended for this aggressive SCC variant

Factors predicting the development of distant metastases in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective study from a single centre.

The presence of distant metastases (DMs) after the initial treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is associated with a poor outcome. The incidence of DMs in head and neck cancer is about 4-26%. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of distant metastases and the factors predicting the development of DMs

Expression profiles of CD11b, galectin-1, beclin-1, and caspase-3 in nasal polyposis

Background/aim: Nasal polyposis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the paranasal sinuses and nasal mucosae. It is thought that genetic and molecular mechanisms in inflammatory and apoptotic pathways are the main factors in the etiopathogenesis of nasal polyposis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of CD11b, galectin-1, beclin-1, and caspase-3 in nasal polyps. Materials and methods: The mRNA expression levels of CD11b, galectin-1, beclin-1, and caspase-3 protein and western blot analysis of caspase-3 protein were evaluated in inferior turbinate mucosae and nasal polyp tissues. Results: CD11b expression was markedly higher in nasal polyp tissues when compared to turbinate mucosae (5.5 times higher, P < 0.05). Expression of galectin-1 was not statistically higher in nasal polyp tissues when compared to the controls. Beclin-1 expression in nasal polyp tissues was lower than in controls (17 times lower, P < 0.05). Caspase-3 expression was significantly lower in nasal polyp tissues than in controls (5.5 times lower, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Inflammation, apoptosis, and hyperproliferation are the major cellular processes in nasal polyposis and these proteins may take part and play some important roles in formation of this disease and the targeting of new treatment protocols

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the posterior tongue

In the head and neck mucosa, neuroendocrine carcinomas of the oral cavity is rare. Herein, we present the first report of a small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in a 54-year-old man on the right lateral posterior tongue. It is important to remember that although neuroendocrine small cell carcinomas (SCCs) are most commonly seen in the lung, they rarely may arise in the extrapulmonary sites, including salivary glands, as well. As there is not any standard therapeutic regimen already existing, it is important to be aware of and to know how to deal with such rare cases