Antimicrobial properties of rosin acids-loaded nanoparticles against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens

Rosin acids (RA) from coniferous trees are used in folk medicine for healing various skin infections. Despite the antimicrobial potential of RA, their poor solubility in aqueous media may limit their use. In this work RA-loaded polyethylene glycol-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (RA-NPs) with enhanced antimicrobial properties against foodborne bacterial pathogens were produced. RA-NPs were prepared by solvent displacement technique and characterized for relevant colloidal features by dynamic light scattering, laser Doppler anemometry and transmission electron microscopy. Association of RA to NPs occurred with high yields (86% w/w). RA and RA-NPs (~130 nm) were strongly active against antibiotic-sensitive Gram + pathogens, i.e. Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes and antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, both failed in inhibiting the growth of Gram – pathogens (Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica). Association to NPs enhanced the antimicrobial activity of RA. MIC, IC 50 , IC 90 , and MBC values of RA-NPs were ten-times lower than RA. RA-NPs did not change the intrinsic toxicity potential of RA. This is the first study on the enhancement of the antimicrobial activity of RA when associated to nanocarriers. This approach may be an effective strategy to produce aqueous-based RA solutions with enhanced antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant Gram + pathogens.The authors thank Prof. Filip Van Immerseel for providing the C. perfringens CP56 strains and ADRIA d_eveloppement for providing the strains indicated with the letters AD in this study. The authors also thank NFT S.r.l. for providing purified rosinic acids, and the i3S Scientific Platform Biointerfaces and Nanotechnology (BN) for assistance in DLS/LDAmeasurements

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Incidence and Outcome Before and After Full Vaccination in Patients With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance

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Altered Development of NKT Cells, γδ T Cells, CD8 T Cells and NK Cells in a PLZF Deficient Patient

In mice, the transcription factor, PLZF, controls the development of effector functions in invariant NKT cells and a subset of NKT cell-like, γδ T cells. Here, we show that in human lymphocytes, in addition to invariant NKT cells, PLZF was also expressed in a large percentage of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, PLZF was also found to be expressed in all γδ T cells and in all NK cells. Importantly, we show that in a donor lacking functional PLZF, all of these various lymphocyte populations were altered. Therefore, in contrast to mice, PLZF appears to control the development and/or function of a wide variety of human lymphocytes that represent more than 10% of the total PBMCs. Interestingly, the PLZF-expressing CD8+ T cell population was found to be expanded in the peripheral blood of patients with metastatic melanoma but was greatly diminished in patients with autoimmune disease

Bone strain measurements and implant micro-surface analysis of drill-less self-threading dental implants - preliminary in-vitro results

Sin financiación1.506 JCR (2019) Q4, 131/143 Endocrinology & Metabolism, 140/158 Immunology, 112/138 Medicine, Research & Experimental, 68/81 Physiology0.395 SJR (2019) Q3, 75/107 Physiology (medical), 251/367 Oncology, 140/202 Immunology and Allergy, 153/239 Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; Q4, 174/214 Cancer Research, 100/129 Endocrinology, 167/225 Immunology, 144/186 PhysiologyNo data IDR 2019UE

The use of ozone therapy for treatment of periodontal disease: a split-mouth, randomized, controlled clinical trial

Periodontal treatment has the aim to reduce oral infection and prevent the progression of the disease. The potential benefits of new therapy with Ozonline® for periodontal treatment, include improved patient compliance and an easier access to periodontal pocket. The objective of this study was to explore the efficacy of Ozonline® in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in adult patients. A randomized controlled split-mouth study was carried out in ten patients (5 men and 5 women age 42-73 mean 55 ±7) with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis. None of these patients received any surgical or non-surgical periodontal therapy and demonstrated radiographic evidence of moderate bone loss. The mouth has been divided into upper right and left quadrants. The upper and lower right quadrants were treated with ultrasonic scaler, the left quadrants with ultrasonic scaler with ozonated water (Ozonline®). 10 microbiological samples were collected from upper left quadrants and 10 from upper right quadrants from each patient. Microbiological samples were collected from the sites of the patients at baseline and at the 7th day. 20 localized chronic periodontitis sites were selected (10 in left quadrants and 10 in right quadrants). After the treatment with Ozonline®, a remarkable decrease in bacteria amount, both for some species and for the total count was observed in the left quadrants respect to right ones. Specifically, T. forsythia and T. denticola were eradicated whereas Total Bacteria Loading and Fusobacterium nucleatum showed a reduction of 38% and 55%, respect to right quadrants. Our study demonstrated the efficacy of the Ozonline® in the management of moderate to severe chronic periodontitis.

Development of a DNA-based biosensor for the fast and sensitive detection of ochratoxin A in urine

In this paper, a novel DNA-based biosensor is proposed, which is based on paramagnetic microbeads carrying an ochratoxin A (OTA) capture aptamer. A sandwich-like detection complex is linked to the capture aptamer and is able to trigger, in presence of OTA, an isothermal rolling circle amplification (RCA) reaction. This latter generated autocatalytic units with a peroxidase activity (DNAzyme) that, in presence of a proper substrate, gave a blue-coloured product visible by the naked eye. The capture aptamer, blocked onto magnetic beads, allowed the specific capture of OTA in liquid samples. The modified detection aptamer, annealed to a circularized probe, was then used to detect the toxin capture event. Indeed, in the presence of OTA and an isothermal enzyme, the circular DNA was amplified, producing a single-stranded and tandem repeated long homologous copy of its sequence. In the DNA strand, a self-catalytic structure was formed with hemin as the catalytic core, inducing the development of blue colour in the presence of ABTS and hydrogen peroxide. The results showed that the biosensor has high sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of OTA, as low as 1.09 × 10−12 ng/mL. Moreover, the proposed biosensor was successfully used for the detection of OTA in naturally contaminated rat urine. Accuracy and repeatability data obtained in recovery experiments were satisfying, being recoveries >95% with relative standard deviations in the range 3.6–15%. For the first time, an aptasensor was successfully applied to detect OTA in biological fluids. It can be used for mycotoxin biomonitoring and assessment of individual exposure

Implant position for supporting maxillary over-denture: A clinical study

Sin financiación1.506 JCR (2019) Q4, 131/143 Endocrinology & Metabolism, 140/158 Immunology, 112/138 Medicine, Research & Experimental, 68/81 Physiology0.395 SJR (2019) Q3, 75/107 Physiology (medical), 251/367 Oncology, 140/202 Immunology and Allergy, 153/239 Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; Q4, 174/214 Cancer Research, 100/129 Endocrinology, 167/225 Immunology, 144/186 PhysiologyNo data IDR 2019UE

Effects of glucosamine and nucleotide association on fibroblast: extracellular matrix gene expression

Glucosamine (Gluc) is a drug used as an anti-inflammatory in moderate forms of knee arthrosis. A further off label use of Gluc is in the anti-aging treatments associated with Polideoxirybonucleotide (PDRN) through intra-dermal injection for a procedure called bio-stimulation. An unexpected effect on cultured dermal fibroblasts, during an experimental study on the gene activation in aesthetic bio-stimulation, was observed. The results have potential application in orthopaedic medical therapy. Fibroblast primary cultures were carried out, seeding cells on a layer of Gluc or PDRN alone or in combination for 24 h. Real Time-PCR was performed to investigate several gene expressions. The MMP13 and the IGF-I gene expression in fibroblast cultures were strongly inhibited after 24 h of incubation with the association of Gluc and PDRN, whereas Gluc and PDRN alone produced a modest inhibition of IGF-I and an activation of MMP13. MMP13 is present in osteoarthritic cartilage and this enzyme plays a significant role in cartilage collagen degradation. IGF1 is involved in growth and development and is successfully used in tissue-engineering for cartilage repair. Based on the reported data, we infer that the association of Gluc and PDRN has a potential application in cartilage therapy. Additional basic science and clinical studies are needed to confirm this preliminary report

Expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase substrate genes eps8 and eps15 during mouse development

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) control proliferation and differentiation through their ability to bind and/or phosphorylate intracellular substrates. The repertoire of substrates recruited by different RTK is largely overlapping. It is not clear, therefore, how a cell distinguishes among signals originating from different RTKs. One possibility is that selective availability of substrates participates in the regulation of this process. To gain insight into this issue, we studied the expression pattern, during mouse embryogenesis, of the eps8 and eps15 genes, which encode two recently identified RTK substrates. Both genes are expressed from E 10 in a restricted fashion. eps8 is first expressed in frontonasal neural crest-derived cells, in the mesenchyme of branchial arches and in the liver primordium. At E 12.5-E 14, eps8 is additionally expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) in a regional restricted pattern at the met-mesencephalic transition area and in the developing submandibular salivary glands. eps15 is expressed at E 10 in the liver primordium, in the spinal ganglia and in the encephalic ganglia derived from the hindbrain neural crest. In addition, at E 12.5-E 14, eps15 is expressed, along all the CNS, in the ventricular zone where undifferentiated neuroblasts are located. The regional pattern of developmental expression of these two substrates sharply contrasts with their ubiquitous expression in adults, raising the possibility that their expression during embryogenesis is linked to selective proliferative and/or differentiative responses of specific neuroectodermal regions and body organs

RELATION BETWEEN INCLINATIONS OF CHEWING SURFACE OF UPPER TEETH RESPECT TO THE ORBITAL AXIS, TMJ PAINAND SEVERITY OF IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON 120 PATIENTS

The current study was performed to establish a correlation between inclination of chewing surface of upper teeth respect to the orbital axis, TMJ pain and severity of idiopathic scoliosis. The study population was composed of 120 patients affected by idiopathic scoliosis and admitted for orthodontic evaluation and treatment between January 2008 and December 2009. Several variables were investigated: demographic (age and gender), TMJ pain, anatomic (left and right cuspid and molar tooth classes) and functional (inclination of chewing surface of upper teeth respect to the orbital axis) variables. TMJ pain was statistically associated to the inclination of chewing surface of upper left central incisor and the second upper right pre-molar. By grouping moderate and mild scoliosis, a statistical significant correlation was detected between more severe scoliosis and the inclination of chewing surface of several upper teeth (i.e. central and lateral left incisors, right canine and first pre-molar) respect to the orbital axis. Patients affected by severe idiopathic scoliosis have a specific pattern of inclination of chewing surface of upper teeth respect to the orbital axis. Globally, there is a correlation between inclination of chewing surface of upper teeth and TMJ pai