Privatization in Developing Countries: A Promising Development Strategy?

This paper analyses privatization as one of development strategies in developing countries. In the last two decades, there has been an increasing trend of privatizing state owned enterprises (SOE) in developing countries. This paper clarifies that the process to decide the implementation of privatization in a developing country is a complex issue. The decision to privatize is not merely weighing the potential benefits of privatization, but also requires consideration of the circumstances of the country itself. The prerequisite circumstances of privatization in developing countries, including macroeconomic stability, the large role of the private sector, and low corruption level, will be discussed

Labour Supply and Skills Shortages in Australia

Australia is facing a problem of skills shortage that might impact on human capital. This may lead to unsustainable economic and productivity growth. The problem is caused by a combination of factors, such as low fertility rate, an ageing population and restricted immigration policy in recent times among others. In order to address this problem Australian government applies some policies including increasing skill migrants, extending the retirement age, increasing women participation in labour market and so on. This paper discusses the Australian policies to address the skills shortage problem and analyse the implications on the economy. In addition, the alternatives of the policies also will be discussed

Pengaruh Pembiayaan Bank Syariah Terhadap Tenaga Kerja Usaha Mikro, Kecil, Dan Menengah (UMKM) Di Indonesia: Metode Autoregressive Distributed Lag (Ardl)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembiayaan bank syariah terhadap jumlah tenaga kerja Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Indonesia periode 2004-2018. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Adapun variabel kontrol yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kredit bank konvensional, inflasi, Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB), dan jumlah unit UMKM. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL). Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah secara parsial, dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang pembiayaan bank syariah dan kredit bank konvensional tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jumlah tenaga kerja UMKM. Inflasi dan PDB berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah tenaga kerja UMKM. Jumlah unit UMKM berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah tenaga kerja UMKM. Secara simultan, pembiayaan bank syariah, kredit bank konvensional, inflasi, PDB, dan jumlah unit UMKM berpengaruh signifikan dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang terhadap jumlah tenaga kerja UMKM

Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pembayaran Zakat Profesi pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Kota Banjarmasin

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh dari variabel pangkat dan golongan, jenis kelamin, jumlah tanggungan keluarga, lama pendidikan, frekuensi pengajian, serta pendapatan lain selain gaji sebagai determinan terhadap pembayaran zakat profesi di kalangan Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) di Kota Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi logistik untuk menganalisis data. Penelitian ini melibatkan data primer atas 126 responden yang diambil menggunakan teknik convenience sampling dengan kriteria PNS Golongan III dan IV di mana golongan tersebut memiliki gaji yang telah memenuhi nisab zakat profesi. Diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel pangkat dan golongan, jenis kelamin, dan pendapatan lain selain gaji masing-masing berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pembayaran zakat profesi sedangkan variabel jumlah tanggungan keluarga, lama pendidikan, dan frekuensi pengajian masing-masing ditemukan memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pembayaran zakat profesi

Analisis Efisiensi Pengeluaran Pemerintah Daerah di Provinsi Jawa Timur terhadap Islamic Human Development Index (I-hdi): Pendekatan Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis (Dea) dan Malmquist Index

Community welfare is the key to assess the success of an area. The government has a vital role in realizing community welfare. This study aims to evaluate the role of government related to the efficiency of government spending in creating conditions for a prosperous society in the Regency/City in East Java Province in 2011-2015. The efficiency calculation in this study uses the DEA Bootstrapping method with the assumption of Variable Return to Scale (VRS). In contrast, the assessment of the level of community welfare uses the Human Development Index from an Islamic perspective or Islamic Human Development Index (I-HDI). This study also calculated changes in total factor productivity (TFPC) using the Malmquist Index. The data used is sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance of the Ministry of Finance. The results of this study are the performance of regency/city governments in East Java has not yet reached an efficient condition. For the TFPC value, only three regions experienced an increase, one region was in a state of stagnation, while 34 other regions experienced a decrease in the value of TFPC

Analisis Islamic Service Quality pada Kualitas Pendidikan Pondok Pesantren Al Rosyid Kabupaten Bojonegoro dengan Metode Importance Performance Analysis

Education is one aspect of development that is included in non-physical development. Therefore, it is important to assurance the quality of education in order to have an impact on sustainable development in various fields, especially human resources and the economy of a country. This study uses the Importance Performance Analysis method to measure how far the performance results are towards the expected level of importance of Al Rosyid Islamic Boarding School students in Bojonegoro. This research is focused on the quality of Islamic boarding school education, this is because Islamic boarding schools are Islamic education in Indonesia most of which are based in the regions. So this can be used as a reference for assessing the quality of education for Islamic boarding schools in regional areas to enhance human and economic development. The results of this study indicate that students there are satisfied with the results of the performance of Islamic boarding schools in managing education both academic, non-academic, and diniyah. Although said to be satisfied, the expectations of students and some boarding school dwellers still do not meet the values determined by them. Most still expect improvements. Therefore this study is very necessary for decision makers to be able to see new perspectives in non-physical based development, especially in the field of sustainable education

Pengaruh Zakat Infak Sedekah (Zis) Terhadap Pengangguran Di Indonesia: Metode Autoregressive Distributed Lag (Ardl)

This study aims to determine the effect of Zakah Infaq Shadaqah (ZIS) funds channeled by the National Amil Zakat Agency/Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) on unemployment in Indonesia during 2002-2017. The study was conducted using a quantitative approach. The control variables used for this research are Gross Domestic Product (GDP), education level, investment, and government subsidies. The analysis technique used is Autoregressive Ditributed Lags (ARDL). The data in this study were obtained from the Central Statistics Agency page, BAZNAS, and Indonesian State Budget (Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara). The research results partially in short term shows that ZIS has a positive and significant effect on unemployment. While partially long-term research results, ZIS has a negative and significant effect on unemployment. Simultaneously, the variable ZIS, GDP, education level, investment, and government subsidies have significant effects in the short and long term on unemployment in Indonesia in 2002-2017

Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Omzet Usaha Mikro Binaan Lembaga Amil Zakat Dompet Dhuafa Jawa Timur

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh dari bantuan dana CSR pelatihan, lama usaha, dan usia terhadap omzet usaha mikro binaan Dompet Dhuafa Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sample yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Convenience Sampling yaitu melakukan survei pada responden yang dapat dihubungi, metode ini dipilih karena survei dilaksanakan ketika ada pembatasan sosial terkait dengan merebaknya COVID-19. Teknik pengumpulan data dikumpulkan melalui angket, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Sedangkan untuk teknik analisis data yang dipakai adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bantuan dana CSR, pelatihan, lama usaha, dan usia secara parsial maupun simultan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap omzet usaha mikro binaan LAZ Dompet Dhuafa Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai Adjusted R-Square sebesar 0.811 yang berarti 81.1% omzet usaha mikro binaan LAZ Dompet Dhuafa Jawa Timur dipengaruhi oleh bantuan dana CSR, pelatihan, lama usaha, dan usia

Pengaruh Harga Komoditas, Kurs, Inflasi, Foreign Direct Investment (Fdi), dan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) terhadap Perekonomian Negara Oki

This study aims to determine the effect of world commodity prices on agriculture, energy, fertilizer, metals and minerals, precious metals, inflation, exchange rate of the United States Dollar (USD), Foreign Direct Investment, human resources on economics of Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) which is proxied in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the 2009-2018 period. In this study, there are two models regarding the human resources variable, namely total population and labor force. Random Effect Model (REM) is used in this study to examine the relationship of independent variables to the dependent variable, both partially and simultaneously. The findings of this study, both the first and second models show that commodity prices in the agriculture, fertilizer, metal and mineral sectors, Foreign Direct Investment, and inflation have a negative and significant effect on the GDP of the OIC countries. Meanwhile, commodity prices in the energy sector, precious metals, and the exchange rate of the United States Dollar (USD) have a positive and significant effect on the GDP of the OIC countries. As well as the human resources variable, both the population and the labor force also have a positive and significant effect on the GDP of the OIC countries. This paper can be considered for the government or related institutions and agencies in formulating policies or regulations to improve and maintain economic stability in each OIC member country