26 research outputs found

    Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of infective endocarditis for dental procedures is not associated with fatal adverse drug reactions in France

    Get PDF
    One of the major reasons to stop antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) to prevent infective endocarditis (IE) in the United Kingdom but not in the rest of the world was that it would result in more deaths from fatal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) than the number of IE deaths. The main aim of this study was to quantify and describe the ADRs with amoxicillin or clindamycin for IE AP. The second aim was to infer a crude incidence of anaphylaxis associated with amoxicillin for IE AP. The Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) was used to group ADRs for IE AP using the broad Standardized MedDRA Queries ?Anaphylactic reaction, Amoxicillin, Clindamycin, Clostridium Difficile infection? to the French Pharmacovigilance Database System. From this first-line collection, we selected all cases occurring for IE AP and ultimately, the cases for IE AP for a dental procedure. Then, each case was analyzed. Of 11639 first-line recorded ADRs, 100 were for IE AP but no fatal anaphylaxis to amoxicillin or clindamycin and no C. difficile infection associated with clindamycin were identified. Only 17 cases of anaphylaxis to amoxicillin related to dental procedures were highlighted. The estimation of the crude incidence rate of anaphylaxis associated with amoxicillin for IE AP for invasive dental procedure was 1/57 000 (95% CI 0.2-0.6). Fatal or severe ADRs with amoxicillin or clindamycin is not a rational argument to stop IE AP before invasive dental procedures

    Les atteintes hépatiques sous inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinase (étude rétrospective des cas de la base nationale de pharmacovigilance)

    No full text
    Les atteintes hépatiques iatrogènes sont la première cause de retrait du marché d'un médicament. La gravité de ces affections est variable, de simples augmentations des valeurs des enzymes hépatiques comme des évolutions plus graves (hépatites fulminantes) peuvent être observées. Actuellement, l'incidence tels événements lors de l'utilisation des inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinase ont été estimés uniquement sur la base de quelques méta-analyses d'essais cliniques. Cette thèse a pour but de présenter les résultats d'une étude rétrospective conduite à partir des cas d'atteintes hépatiques enregistrés dans la base française de pharmacovigilance afin de décrire la nature et les principales caractéristiques de ces affections. 140 cas ont été inclus dans l'analyse dont 121 cas d'atteinte hépatique aiguë. Parmi ces 121 cas, 88 sont des atteintes cytolytiques dont 11 hépatites fulminantes, 22 sont des atteintes cholestatiques et 11 des atteintes mixtes. D'autres part, il y avait 10 cas d'hyperbilirubinémies isolées, 8 d'encéphalopathies hépatiques sous sorafénib et 3 cas de réactivations du virus de l'hépatite B. L'apparition des atteintes hépatiques aiguës se fait avec un délai médian de 7,8 semaines et elles régressent généralement spontanément sous 4 semaines. Lors d'une réintroduction du même médicament, l'atteinte réapparaît dans 72% des cas. Cependant, dans cette série de cas, il ne semble pas exister de réaction croisée entre les ITK puisqu'aucune atteinte n'est réapparue ou ne s'est aggravée suite à un changement d'ITK. Parmi les 13 ITK suspectés à l'origine des atteintes hépatiques, le plus souvent incriminé est l'imatinib, ceci compte tenu de sa date de commercialisation plus ancienne. Cependant le calcul du reporting odds ratio met en évidence un excès de cas pour le crizotinib et le géfitinib. Finalement, parmi les 11 cas fatals que nous présentons, 2 molécules n'avaient jamais été mise en cause auparavant dans de telles atteintes: le crizotinib et le vémurafénib. Bien que ces atteintes soient à présent bien connues avec l'imatinib, une surveillance rapprochée des nouveaux inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinase semble importante. A ce jour le mécanisme d'action de ces affections reste inconnuLYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Terappel : description et exemple(s) d’exploitation

    No full text
    L’évaluation des risques ou de la sécurité d’utilisation des médicaments chez la femme enceinte ou susceptible de le devenir est une mission importante de la pharmacovigilance. Ainsi, les centres régionaux de pharmacovigilance (CRPV) sont impliqués en tant que centres d’informations sur le médicament, afin d’apporter une évaluation personnalisée du risque et des conseils individualisés à l’occasion d’une grossesse, et doivent aussi assurer un suivi systématique de l’évolution des grossesses exposées dont ils ont eu connaissance. La nécessité d’une gestion harmonisée et commune de ces cas d’exposition, et la spécificité de cette problématique, ont conduit à la création d’une base de données dédiée. Terappel a ainsi été mis à la disposition des 19 CRPV qui en ont fait la demande. Les données prospectives de cette base sont utilisées par les centres pour des études collaboratives descriptives ou comparatives nationales, ou en participant à des projets initiés par l’European network of teratology information services (ENTIS), dans le but d’apporter des informations sur le profil de sécurité ou de toxicité d’une exposition médicamenteuse chez une femme enceinte. Les caractéristiques de cette base de données et des exemples d’utilisation sont présentés dans cet article

    PM1-022 Antitumor necrosis factor during the first trimester of pregnancy and congenital malformations : a meta-analysis of etiologic observational studies

    No full text
    International audienceIntroduction: Over the last decade, antitumor necrosis factor (anti TNF) therapy became the cornerstone management for immune mediated diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease or rheumatoid arthritis. Such conditions predominantly affect women of childbearing age, and a growing number of studies have been published on the safety of anti-TNF therapy during pregnancy. Meta-analyses (MA) could help synthesize findings as well as increase statistical power for rare outcomes such as congenital malformations (CM). Thus, the aim of our work was to assess the risk of CM (major and minor) associated with first trimester exposure to anti TNF using a meta-analytic approach. Material and methods: We conducted a systematic review and MA. Published reports and meeting abstracts were searched for in MEDLINE up to December 2018. We used both MeSH and free text terms to identify relevant articles. Bibliographic reference lists of all identified studies, MA and reviews were hand searched in order to identify additional eligible articles. All comparative cohort and case-control studies reporting data on malformation, and use of anti-TNF during the first trimester were included. An experimented pharmacologist evaluated the eligibility of studies, and extracted data using a proprietary collaborative WEB-based meta-analysis platform (metaPreg.org). The risk of CM between anti-TNF exposed and non-exposed pregnancies, and its 95% confidence interval were estimated using a random effects model. Results: From 1,014 records initially found, 15 studies met eligibility criteria. In addition, the MA was restricted to studies that included diseased unexposed women as a comparator. Ten cohort studies (5 prospective and 5 retrospective), reporting 1,407 exposed, and 6,196 unexposed pregnancies, were included. We included 3 new studies (909 exposed pregnancies) compared to the last published MA on the risk of congenital malformations associated with first trimester exposure to anti-TNF in 2017 (1). First trimester exposure to anti-TNF was not statistically significantly associated with the risk of CM (odd ratio of 0.98 , 95% CI 0.75-1.28). No heterogeneity between studies was observed (I2=0%). Funnel plot and asymmetry test were not suggestive of publication bias. Discussion / Conclusion: We did not find an association between exposure to anti-TNF in pregnancy and an increased risk of CMs. However, a lack of power cannot be ruled out. The risk of CMs after exposure to anti-TNF would be increased at most by by 30%. Reference(s): 1. Komaki et al. J Autoimmun.201

    Piribedil-induced sleep attacks in patients without Parkinson disease: a case series.

    No full text
    International audienceBACKGROUND: Sleep attacks were initially described in 1999 in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) treated by dopamine agonists (DAs). Because the respective role of DAs or PD-induced excessive daytime sleepiness is still unclear, reports of sleep attacks in non-PD patients treated with DA would support the specific role of these drugs. Piribedil, a nonergot dopamine D2/D3 agonist with alpha(2)-noradrenergic properties, is indicated in the treatment of PD as well as in patients with circulatory disorders. After a spontaneous report of sleep attack associated with piribedil use in a non-PD patient, we reviewed other cases from the French pharmacovigilance database. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cases of piribedil associated with sleep attacks recorded between 1988 and December 2008 were identified in the French Pharmacovigilance database. Cases were retained for analysis only if patients were treated for conditions other than PD. RESULTS: Overall, a total of 35 cases of piribedil-induced sleep disorders were retrieved, and 7 cases suggestive of sleep attacks were retained for analysis. The mean time to onset after starting piribedil was 2.5 days. Piribedil was the only suspected drug in all but 1 patient. Complete recovery was noticed after piribedil discontinuation in all patients, and recurrence of symptoms was observed after piribedil reintroduction in 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS: Our series suggests that piribedil may be associated with sleep attack disorders independently of the treated disease and supports the prominent role of DAs in sleep disorders
    corecore