Contribution of cardio-vascular risk factors to depressive status in the PREDIMED-PLUS Trial. A cross-sectional and a 2-year longitudinal study

Background Cardio-vascular disease and depression are thought to be closely related, due to shared risk factors. The aim of the study was to determine the association between cardio-vascular risk (CVR) factors and depressive status in a population (55-75 years) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Methods and findings Participants were classified into three groups of CVR according to the Framingham-based REGICOR function: (1) low (LR), (2) medium (MR) or (3) high/very high (HR). The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was used to assess depressive symptoms at baseline and after 2 years. The association between CVR and depressive status at baseline (n = 6545), and their changes after 2 years (n = 4566) were evaluated through multivariable regression models (logistic and linear models). HR women showed higher odds of depressive status than LR [OR (95% CI) = 1.78 (1.26, 2.50)]. MR and HR participants with total cholesterol <160 mg/mL showed higher odds of depression than LR [OR (95% CI) = 1.77 (1.13, 2.77) and 2.83 (1.25, 6.42) respectively)] but those with total cholesterol ¿280 mg/mL showed lower odds of depression than LR [OR (95% CI) = 0.26 (0.07, 0.98) and 0.23 (0.05, 0.95), respectively]. All participants decreased their BDI-II score after 2 years, being the decrease smaller in MR and HR diabetic compared to LR [adjusted mean±SE = -0.52±0.20, -0.41 ±0.27 and -1.25±0.31 respectively). MR and HR participants with total cholesterol between 240-279 mg/mL showed greater decreases in the BDI-II score compared to LR (adjusted mean±SE = -0.83±0.37, -0.77±0.64 and 0.97±0.52 respectively). Conclusions Improving cardiovascular health could prevent the onset of depression in the elderly. Diabetes and total cholesterol in individuals at high CVR, may play a specific role in the precise response.The PREDIMED-Plus trial was supported by the European Research Council through a grant to MAM (Advanced Research Grant 2013-2018; 340918). The project was also supported by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish Government (ISCIII) through the Fondo de Investigación para la Salud (FIS), which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (four coordinated FIS projects), who awarded grants to JS and JV (PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI16/01094, PI16/00501, PI16/00533, PI16/00381, PI16/00366, PI16/01522, PI16/01120, PI17/00764, PI17/01183, PI17/00855, PI17/01347, PI17/00525, PI17/01827, PI17/00532, PI17/00215, PI17/01441, PI17/00508, PI17/01732 and PI17/00926). The International Nut&Dried Fruit Council-FESNAD also provided funding through a grant to MAM (201302), and Recercaixa also awarded a grant to JS (2013ACUP00194). The Department of Health, Generalitat de Cataluña by the calls 'Acció instrumental de programes de recerca orientats en lámbit de la recercaila innovació en salut' and 'Pla estrategic de recerca i innovació en salut (PERIS),' also awarded a grant to FF (SLT006/17/00246). This research was also partially funded by: Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI0458/2013, PS0358/2016, PI0137/2018); Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2017/017); SEMERGEN, CIBEROBN, FEDER and ISCIII (CB06/03); EU-H2020 Grants (Eat2beNICE/h2020-sfs-2016-2, ref.728018; PRIME/h2020-SC1-BHC-2018-2020, ref: 847879)

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Catéteres venosos centrales permanentes tunelizados para hemodiálisis: estudio de recirculación y dosis de diálisis con líneas normales e invertidas

Introducción: Los Catéteres Venosos Centrales Permanentes Tunelizados para hemodiálisis presentan con frecuencia una complicación denominada efecto ventana o ventosa, en el que la rama arterial se colapsa en las maniobras de aspiración sin ofrecer resistencia al impeler, determinando la inversión de líneas para poder realizar el tratamiento. El estudio se centra en la relación entre la posición anatómica de las puntas del catéter mediante radiografía de tórax y la recirculación medida con Dilución Ultrasónica, el Porcentaje de Reducción de Urea y el Kt/V, determinados tanto con líneas en posición normal e invertida y a flujos de bomba de 250 y 300 ml/min. Material y método: Estudio Cuasiexperimental Intrasujeto de 18 meses de duración a n=28 catéteres implantados en 25 pacientes en Hemodiálisis. Resultados: • Recirculación: • Líneas normales a 250 y 300 ml/min: 0,85 ± 2,41% y 1,23 ± 3,14%. • Líneas invertidas a 250 y 300 ml/min; 22,41 ± 12,12% y 24,93 ± 12,09%. • Porcentaje de Reducción de Urea: • Líneas normales a 250 y 300 ml/min; 66,49 ± 8,62% y 70,55 ± 5,30%. • Líneas invertidas a 250 y 300 ml/min; 61,05 ± 8,34% y 62,34 ± 8,68%. • Kt/V: • Líneas normales a 250 y 300 ml/min: 1,31 ± 0,30 y 1,46 ± 0,23%. • Líneas invertidas a 250 y 300 ml/min: 1,10 ± 0,21% y 1,19 ± 0,30%. Discusión: Los Porcentajes de Reducción de Urea y Kt/V con líneas invertidas a ambos flujos estudiados, manifiestan dosis de diálisis adecuadas asumiendo recirculaciones entorno al 20%

Microbial Phenolic Metabolites Are Associated with Improved Cognitive Health<br />

Scope: Diets rich in polyphenols has been associated with better cognitive performance. The aim of this study is toassess the relationship between microbial phenolic metabolites (MPM) in urine and cognition in the context of an olderpopulation at high cardiovascular risk.Methods and results: A cross-sectional analysis is conducted in 400 individuals of the PREDIMED-Plus study. Liquidchromatography coupled to mass spectrometry is used to identify urinaryMPM.Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherenceis estimated with a 17-item questionnaire and cognitive function is evaluated with a battery of neuropsychological tests.Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models are fitted to assess the relationship of urinary MPM with the MedDietand cognitive tests. Protocatechuic acid and enterolactone glucuronide are associated with higher adherence to theMedDiet. Regarding cognitive function, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid glucuronide, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, enterodiolglucuronide, and enterolactone glucuronide are directly associated with a global composite score of all the cognitive tests.Furthermore, protocatechuic acid and enterolactone glucuronide are associated with higher scores in the Mini-MentalState Examination, whereas enterodiol glucuronide is associated with improved Clock Drawing Test scores.Conclusions: These results suggest that the MedDiet is linked to MPM associated with better cognitive performance inan older population.</p

Erratum to: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) (Autophagy, 12, 1, 1-222, 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356

non present