Evaluación de la fotólisis, fotólisis/H2O2 y H2O2 como tratamientos para la reducción de Salmonella spp en aguas de granjas porcícolas

The aim of this study was to evaluate three processes for the removal of organic matter and inactivation of Salmonella spp re inoculated in water from pig farms. Specific water samples were obtained to perform physical, chemical and microbiological characterization. Next, the operating conditions that favored the photolysis process were selected through a 2x2 factorial design. Finally, inactivation/removal kinetics were carried out, assessing UV254 nm photolysis, UV254 nm photolysis with hydrogen peroxide H2O2 at 15 ppm and hydrogen peroxide H2O2 at 15 ppm. The inactivation of Salmonella spp was favored by using an aeration of 1 L/min and with a concentration of Salmonella spp of 1x104 UFC/ml obtaining an inactivation of 97.3±1.9% after 10 minutes of treatment. On the other hand, for the inactivation kinetics it was established that the best treatments were photolysis and photolysis/H2O2, without significant differences. At 30 seconds of exposure, the inactivation of Salmonella was 99.9±2.4% in T1, with a removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), NO3 and NO2 of 30±2, 27±3, 83±4, 41±1.0 and 99±5% for T1 and T2 respectively. The bacteria recovered in T2 and T3 and the treatments had no residual effect, determining that the final populations were 8 CFU/ml and 3x103 CFU/ml, respectively.El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar tres procesos para la remoción de materia orgánica e inactivación de Salmonella spp re inoculada en agua proveniente de granjas porcícolas. Se hicieron muestreos puntuales del agua para realizar la caracterización física, química y microbiológica. A continuación, se seleccionaron las condiciones de operación que favorecieran el proceso de fotólisis a través de un diseño factorial 2x2. Finalmente se realizaron cinéticas de inactivación/remoción valorando fotólisis UV254 nm, fotólisis UV254 nm con peróxido de hidrógeno H2O2 a 15 ppm y peróxido de hidrógeno H2O2 a 15 ppm. La inactivación de Salmonella spp se favoreció al emplear una aireación de 1 L/min y con una concentración de Salmonella spp de 1x104 UFCmL-1 obteniendo una inactivación de 97.3±1.9% a los 10 minutos de tratamiento. Por otro lado, para las cinéticas de inactivación se estableció que los mejores tratamientos fueron fotólisis y fotólisis/H2O2, sin que hubiera diferencias significativas. A los 30 segundos de exposición la inactivación de Salmonella fue del 99.9±2.4% en T1, con una remoción de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), NO3 y NO2 del 30±2, 27±3, 83±4, 41±1,0 y 99±5% para T1 y T2 respectivamente. La bacteria se recuperó en T2 y T3 y los tratamientos no tuvieron efecto residual, determinando que las poblaciones finales fueran de 8 UFC/ml y 3x103 UFC/ml, respectivamente

Efeito dos nutrientes e as condições de fermentação na produção de biossurfactantes com rizobactérias isoladas da piteira.

Objective. To isolate biosurfactant-producing microorganisms from the rhizosphere of fique and to select the best genus to evaluate the effect of nutritional and fermentation conditions on the production of rhamnolipids. Materials and methods. Rhizospheric soil was sampled in three areas of Cauca. The best genus was selected for the experimental designs (Plackett Burman and 22 factorial) and to find the production conditions for the growth kinetics at an Erlenmeyer flask scale. Results. Isolates from the rhizosphere of fique plants were from groups (or genera) of Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Streptomyces, being Pseudomonas the more responsive in preliminary testing for emulsification. From the results of the experimental designs and the kinetics of production, we found that rhamnose synthesis associated with rhamnolipids (3.2 g/l) and emulsification (68% EC24) was significantly favored (p <0.0001) by cultivating an inoculum of 10% v/v of Pseudomonas fluorescens in a medium composed of: soybean oil 2% (v/v), K2HPO4 0.2% (w/v), yeast extract 0.4 g/l, NH4NO3 3.7 g/l, 1 ml trace elements (CoCl3 20 mg/l, H3BO3 30 mg/l, ZnSO4 10 mg/l, Cu2SO4 1 mg/l, Na2MoO4 3 mg/l, FeSO4 10 mg/l MnSO4 2,6 mg/l) and pH 7.2. Conclusion. Of all the microbial genera isolated from the rhizosphere of fique, Pseudomonas fluorescens had the greatest potential in the production of biosurfactants of the rhamnolipids family. Key words: Pseudomonas fluorescens, biosurfactant, rhamnose, emulsification index, soybean oil.  Objetivo. Aislar microorganismos de la rizosfera de fique capaces de producirbiosurfactantes y seleccionar el mejor género para evaluar el efecto de las condiciones nutricionales y de fermentación en la producción de ramnolípidos. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron muestreos de suelos rizosféricos en tres zonas del Cauca. El mejor género fue seleccionado para realizar los diseños experimentales (Plackett Burman y factorial 22) y establecer las condiciones de producción para las cinéticas de crecimiento a escala de Erlemeyer. Resultados. Se aislaron bacterias del género Bacillus, Pseudomonas y del grupo Streptomyces, siendo Pseudomonas el grupo con mayor respuesta en las pruebas preliminares de emulsificación. A partir de los resultados obtenidos en los diseños experimentales y cinéticas de producción, se estableció que la síntesis de ramnosa asociada con ramnolípidos (3,2 g/l) y la emulsificación (68% EC24) se favorecieron significativamente (p<0.0001) al cultivar un inoculo de 5% v/v de Pseudomonas fluorescens en un medio compuesto por: aceite de soya 2% (v/v), K2HPO4 0,2 % (p/v), extracto de levadura 0,4 g/l,NH4NO3 3,7 g/l, 1 ml de elementos traza (CoCl3 20 mg/l, H3BO3 30 mg/l, ZnSO4 10 mg/l, Cu2SO4 1 mg/l, Na2MoO4 3 mg/l, FeSO4 10 mg/l MnSO4 2,6 mg/l) y pH 7.2. Conclusión. Se aislaron 3 géneros microbianos a partir de rizosfera de fique, siendo Pseudomonas fluorescens la bacteria con mayor potencial en la producción de biosurfactantes de la familia de los ramnolípidos.Palabras clave: Pseudomonas fluorescens, biosurfactante, ramnosa, índice de emulsificación, aceite de soya.Objetivo. Isolar microorganismos da rizosfera da piteira capazes de produzir biossurfactantes, selecionar o melhor gênero para avaliar o efeito das condições nutricionais e de fermentação na produção de rhamnolipídeos. Materiais e métodos. Foram realizadas amostragem de solos rizosféricos em três áreas do Cauca. O melhor gênero foi selecionado para realizar desenhos experimentais (Plackett Burman e fatorial 22) e definir as condições de produção para as cinéticas em escala de erlenmeyer. Resultados. Foram isoladas bactérias do gênero Bacillus, Pseudomonas e grupo de Streptomyces. As Pseudomonas foram o grupo com maior resposta nos testes preliminares de emulsificação. A partir dos resultados obtidos nos desenhos experimentais e cinéticas de produção foi estabelecido que a síntese de ramnose associados com rhamnolipídeos (3,2 g/l) e a emulsificação (68% EC24) foram favorecidos significativamente (p<0,0001) ao cultivar um inoculo de 5% v/v de Pseudomonas fluorescens em um meio composto por: óleo de soja 2% (v/v), K2HPO4 0,2% (p/v), extrato de levedura 0,4 g/l, NH4NO3 3,7 g/l, 1 ml de oligoelementos (CoCl3 20 mg/l, H3BO3 30 mg/l, ZnSO4 10 mg/l, Cu2SO4 1 mg/l, Na2MoO4 3 mg/l, FeSO4 10 mg/l MnSO4 2,6 mg/l) e pH 7,2. Conclusão. Três gêneros microbianos foram isolados da rizosfera da piteira, sendo Pseudomonas fluorescens a bactéria com maior potencial na produção de biossurfactantes da família dos rhamnolipídeos. Palavras-chave: Pseudomonas fluorescens, biossurfactante, ramnose, o índice de emulsificação e óleo de soja

Efeito dos nutrientes e as condições de fermentação na produção de biossurfactantes com rizobactérias isoladas da piteira.

Objective. To isolate biosurfactant-producing microorganisms from the rhizosphere of fique and to select the best genus to evaluate the effect of nutritional and fermentation conditions on the production of rhamnolipids. Materials and methods. Rhizospheric soil was sampled in three areas of Cauca. The best genus was selected for the experimental designs (Plackett Burman and 22 factorial) and to find the production conditions for the growth kinetics at an Erlenmeyer flask scale. Results. Isolates from the rhizosphere of fique plants were from groups (or genera) of Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Streptomyces, being Pseudomonas the more responsive in preliminary testing for emulsification. From the results of the experimental designs and the kinetics of production, we found that rhamnose synthesis associated with rhamnolipids (3.2 g/l) and emulsification (68% EC24) was significantly favored (p <0.0001) by cultivating an inoculum of 10% v/v of Pseudomonas fluorescens in a medium composed of: soybean oil 2% (v/v), K2HPO4 0.2% (w/v), yeast extract 0.4 g/l, NH4NO3 3.7 g/l, 1 ml trace elements (CoCl3 20 mg/l, H3BO3 30 mg/l, ZnSO4 10 mg/l, Cu2SO4 1 mg/l, Na2MoO4 3 mg/l, FeSO4 10 mg/l MnSO4 2,6 mg/l) and pH 7.2. Conclusion. Of all the microbial genera isolated from the rhizosphere of fique, Pseudomonas fluorescens had the greatest potential in the production of biosurfactants of the rhamnolipids family. Key words: Pseudomonas fluorescens, biosurfactant, rhamnose, emulsification index, soybean oil.  Objetivo. Aislar microorganismos de la rizosfera de fique capaces de producirbiosurfactantes y seleccionar el mejor género para evaluar el efecto de las condiciones nutricionales y de fermentación en la producción de ramnolípidos. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron muestreos de suelos rizosféricos en tres zonas del Cauca. El mejor género fue seleccionado para realizar los diseños experimentales (Plackett Burman y factorial 22) y establecer las condiciones de producción para las cinéticas de crecimiento a escala de Erlemeyer. Resultados. Se aislaron bacterias del género Bacillus, Pseudomonas y del grupo Streptomyces, siendo Pseudomonas el grupo con mayor respuesta en las pruebas preliminares de emulsificación. A partir de los resultados obtenidos en los diseños experimentales y cinéticas de producción, se estableció que la síntesis de ramnosa asociada con ramnolípidos (3,2 g/l) y la emulsificación (68% EC24) se favorecieron significativamente (p<0.0001) al cultivar un inoculo de 5% v/v de Pseudomonas fluorescens en un medio compuesto por: aceite de soya 2% (v/v), K2HPO4 0,2 % (p/v), extracto de levadura 0,4 g/l,NH4NO3 3,7 g/l, 1 ml de elementos traza (CoCl3 20 mg/l, H3BO3 30 mg/l, ZnSO4 10 mg/l, Cu2SO4 1 mg/l, Na2MoO4 3 mg/l, FeSO4 10 mg/l MnSO4 2,6 mg/l) y pH 7.2. Conclusión. Se aislaron 3 géneros microbianos a partir de rizosfera de fique, siendo Pseudomonas fluorescens la bacteria con mayor potencial en la producción de biosurfactantes de la familia de los ramnolípidos.Palabras clave: Pseudomonas fluorescens, biosurfactante, ramnosa, índice de emulsificación, aceite de soya.Objetivo. Isolar microorganismos da rizosfera da piteira capazes de produzir biossurfactantes, selecionar o melhor gênero para avaliar o efeito das condições nutricionais e de fermentação na produção de rhamnolipídeos. Materiais e métodos. Foram realizadas amostragem de solos rizosféricos em três áreas do Cauca. O melhor gênero foi selecionado para realizar desenhos experimentais (Plackett Burman e fatorial 22) e definir as condições de produção para as cinéticas em escala de erlenmeyer. Resultados. Foram isoladas bactérias do gênero Bacillus, Pseudomonas e grupo de Streptomyces. As Pseudomonas foram o grupo com maior resposta nos testes preliminares de emulsificação. A partir dos resultados obtidos nos desenhos experimentais e cinéticas de produção foi estabelecido que a síntese de ramnose associados com rhamnolipídeos (3,2 g/l) e a emulsificação (68% EC24) foram favorecidos significativamente (p<0,0001) ao cultivar um inoculo de 5% v/v de Pseudomonas fluorescens em um meio composto por: óleo de soja 2% (v/v), K2HPO4 0,2% (p/v), extrato de levedura 0,4 g/l, NH4NO3 3,7 g/l, 1 ml de oligoelementos (CoCl3 20 mg/l, H3BO3 30 mg/l, ZnSO4 10 mg/l, Cu2SO4 1 mg/l, Na2MoO4 3 mg/l, FeSO4 10 mg/l MnSO4 2,6 mg/l) e pH 7,2. Conclusão. Três gêneros microbianos foram isolados da rizosfera da piteira, sendo Pseudomonas fluorescens a bactéria com maior potencial na produção de biossurfactantes da família dos rhamnolipídeos. Palavras-chave: Pseudomonas fluorescens, biossurfactante, ramnose, o índice de emulsificação e óleo de soja

A Brief History of Colour, the Environmental Impact of Synthetic Dyes and Removal by Using Laccases

The history of colour is fascinating from a social and artistic viewpoint because it shows the way; use; and importance acquired. The use of colours date back to the Stone Age (the first news of cave paintings); colour has contributed to the social and symbolic development of civilizations. Colour has been associated with hierarchy; power and leadership in some of them. The advent of synthetic dyes has revolutionized the colour industry; and due to their low cost; their use has spread to different industrial sectors. Although the percentage of coloured wastewater discharged by the textile; food; pharmaceutical; cosmetic; and paper industries; among other productive areas; are unknown; the toxic effect and ecological implications of this discharged into water bodies are harmful. This review briefly shows the social and artistic history surrounding the discovery and use of natural and synthetic dyes. We summarise the environmental impact caused by the discharge of untreated or poorly treated coloured wastewater to water bodies; which has led to physical; chemical and biological treatments to reduce the colour units so as important physicochemical parameters. We also focus on laccase utility (EC 1.10.3.2), for discolouration enzymatic treatment of coloured wastewater, before its discharge into water bodies. Laccases (p-diphenol: oxidoreductase dioxide) are multicopper oxidoreductase enzymes widely distributed in plants, insects, bacteria, and fungi. Fungal laccases have employed for wastewater colour removal due to their high redox potential. This review includes an analysis of the stability of laccases, the factors that influence production at high scales to achieve discolouration of high volumes of contaminated wastewater, the biotechnological impact of laccases, and the degradation routes that some dyes may follow when using the laccase for colour remova

Análise imunofenotípica de amostras de medula óssea normal: aplicações no controle de qualidade em laboratórios de citometria.

Objetivo.Describir un protocolo estandarizado mediante citometría de flujo para cuantificar en términos absolutos y relativos distintas subpoblaciones celulares de médula ósea normal y analizar la expresión de diferentes marcadores celulares específicos de linaje cuya reactividad está asociada a la diferenciación celular para ser usado como parte del control de calidad de rutina en los laboratorios de citometría. Materiales y métodos. El análisis inmunofenotípico de distintas subpoblaciones celulares se realizó en muestras de MO normal empleando un panel de anticuerpos monoclonales y policlonales útiles para la caracterización fenotípica de leucemias agudas en 4 fluorescencias distintas, con un protocolo que combina marcaje celular de antígenos de membrana y de citoplasma. El análisis de expresión se realizó en términos de intensidad media de fluorescencia. Para el cálculo de recuentos absolutos se adicionaron esferas fluorescentes de concentración conocida. Resultados. El panel de anticuerpos utilizado permitió la identificación y cuantificación de las distintas subpoblaciones leucocitarias normales de origen linfoide y mieloide incluyendo células precursoras CD34+, y poblaciones celulares más diferenciadas incluidas en las líneas granulocítica, monocítica y eritroide. Se establecieron los valores de referencia de las poblaciones celulares y los rangos de expresión de los diferentes marcadores celulares importantes como parte del control de calidad de rutina en los laboratorios de citometría. Conclusión.Los patrones inmunofenotípicos identificados y la determinación de los valores absolutos y relativos de referencia de las distintas poblaciones leucocitarias normales en MO podrán ser utilizados por los laboratorios de citometría como modelo para establecer parámetros de referencia en el análisis fenotípico de neoplasias hematológicas. Palabras clave: citometría de flujo multiparamétrica, inmunofenotipo, neoplasias hematológicas, médula ósea normal, valores de referencia, control de calidad.Objective. To describe a standardized flow cytometry protocol for the relative and absolute quantification of hematopoietic cell subpopulations from normal bone marrow, and to evaluate the expression of different lineage-specific cell markers with a reactivity associated to cell differentiation to be used as part of the routine quality control in cytometry laboratories. Materials and methods. The immunophenotypical analysis of different cell subpopulations was done with samples from normal bone marrow using a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies useful in the characterization of acute leukemias with four different fluorescences, by means of a protocol that combines cell labeling of membrane and cytoplasm antigens. Expression analysis was done in terms of mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). Fluorescent beads at a known concentration were added for calculating the absolute count of cells.  Results. The antibody panel used allowed the identification and quantification of different normal leukocyte subpopulations of lymphatic and myeloid origin, including CD34+ stem cells and more differentiated cell populations in the granulocytic, monocytic, and erythroid cell lines. We established reference values for cell populations and cell marker expression ranges as part of routine quality control of cytometry laboratories. Conclusion. Immunophenotypic patterns identified as well as absolute and relative reference values for the different normal leukocyte populations from bone marrow can be used by cytometry laboratories as a basis for establishing reference parameters in phenotypic analyses of hematologic neoplasia. Key words: multiparametric flow cytometry, immunophenotype, hematologic neoplasia, normal bone marrow, reference values, quality control.Objetivo. Descrever um protocolo padronizado por citometria de fluxo para quantificar em termos absolutos e relativos diferentes subpopulações de células de medula óssea normal e analisar a expressão de diferentes marcadores celulares de linhagem específica, cuja reatividade é associada com a diferenciação celular para ser usado como parte do controle de qualidade de rotina nos laboratórios de citometria de fluxo. Materiais e métodos. A análise imunofenotípica das subpopulações de células foi realizada em amostras de MO normais utilizando um painel de anticorpos monoclonais e policlonais úteis para a caracterização fenotípica de leucemia aguda em quatro fluorescências, com um protocolo que combina rotulagem celular de antígeno de membrana celular e de citoplasma. A análise de expressão foi realizada em termos de intensidade média de fluorescência. Para calcular a recontagem absoluta foram adicionadas esferas fluorescentes de concentração conhecida. Resultados. O painel de anticorpos utilizado permitiu a identificação e quantificação das subpopulações de leucócitos normais de origem linfóide e mielóide incluindo as células precursoras CD34+, e populações de células mais diferenciadas incluídas nas linhas granulocítica, monocítica e eritróide. Foram estabelecidos os valores de referência das populações celulares e os intervalos de expressão dos diferentes marcadores celulares importantes como parte da rotina de controle de qualidade em laboratórios de citometria. Conclusão. Os padrões imunofenotípicos identificados e a determinação dos valores absolutos e relativos de referência das diferentes populações de leucócitos normais em MOM podem ser utilizados pelos laboratórios de citometria como um modelo para estabelecer parâmetros de referencia na análise fenotípica de neoplasias hematológicas. Palavras-chave: citometria de fluxo multiparâmetro, imunofenótipo, neoplasias hematológicas, medula óssea normal, valores de referência, controle de qualidade

Evaluación de tres métodos para la inactivación de coliformes y Escherichia coli presentes en agua residual doméstica, empleada para riego

Evaluation of three methods for the inactivation of coliforms and Escherichia coli present in domestic wastewaters used inirrigation. Objective. To evaluate three treatments (facultative stabilization ponds, heterogeneous photocatalysis with TiO2 and chemicaldisinfection with sodium hypochlorite) for the inactivation of coliforms and Escherichia coli present in domestic wastewaters used inagricultural irrigation. Materials and methods. Wastewater was characterized by physical, chemical and microbiological analyses and wasthen exposed to a facultative pond treatment (FPT), post-photocatalytic treatment (PTFTiO2/UV) and post-chemical treatment (PTQNaClO)to assess the disinfecting capacity of each method in the inactivation of total coliforms and E. coli. Three new samples of wastewater wereprocessed and used in irrigation tests on a laboratory-scale basis for 30 days, using Lactuca sativa cultivar. Batavia as a model plant andevaluating the initial and final concentrations of the two groups. Results. PTFTiO2/UV was significantly higher than FPT and PTQNaClO(p<0.0001), obtaining 100% of inactivation of coliforms and E. coli after 30 minutes of irradiation at a reactor scale. Regarding the irrigationtests with L. sativa, we showed that using water treated by PTFTiO2/UV there is no contamination with E. coli and coliforms after 30 days.On the contrary, plants irrigated with water treated by FPT and PTQNaClO showed an increase in the two populations originating a contamination problem in the vegetable by the end of the laboratory experiments. Conclusion. The heterogeneous photocatalysis with TiO2was an effective method in the reduction of coliforms and E. coli present in domestic wastewater

Impact of Antibiotics as Waste, Physical, Chemical, and Enzymatical Degradation: Use of Laccases

The first traces of Tetracycline (TE) were detected in human skeletons from Sudan and Egypt, finding that it may be related to the diet of the time, the use of some dyes, and the use of soils loaded with microorganisms, such as Streptomyces spp., among other microorganisms capable of producing antibiotics. However, most people only recognise authors dating between 1904 and 1940, such as Ehrlich, Domagk, and Fleming. Antibiotics are the therapeutic option for countless infections treatment; unfortunately, they are the second most common group of drugs in wastewaters worldwide due to failures in industrial waste treatments (pharmaceutics, hospitals, senior residences) and their irrational use in humans and animals. The main antibiotics problem lies in delivered and non-prescribed human use, use in livestock as growth promoters, and crop cultivation as biocides (regulated activities that have not complied in some places). This practice has led to the toxicity of the environment as antibiotics generate eutrophication, water pollution, nutrient imbalance, and press antibiotic resistance. In addition, the removal of antibiotics is not a required process in global wastewater treatment standards. This review aims to raise awareness of the negative impact of antibiotics as residues and physical, chemical, and biological treatments for their degradation. We discuss the high cost of physical and chemical treatments, the risk of using chemicals that worsen the situation, and the fact that each antibiotic class can be transformed differently with each of these treatments and generate new compounds that could be more toxic than the original ones; also, we discuss the use of enzymes for antibiotic degradation, with emphasis on laccases

Biodeterioration of plasma pretreated LDPE sheets by Pleurotus ostreatus.

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) waste generates an environmental impact. To achieve the most suitable option for their degradation, it is necessary to implement chemical, physical and biological treatments, as well as combining procedures. Best treatment was prognosticated by Plackett-Burman Experimental Design (PB), evaluating five factors with two levels (0.25 mM or 1.0 gL-1 glucose, 1.0 or 2.0 mM CuSO4, 0.1 or 0.2 mM ABTS [2, 20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)], pH 4.5 ± 0.2 or 7.0 ± 0.2 and 30 or 90 day incubation), which was reproduced for 150 days. Therefore, PB identified a sequential treatment (plasma followed by fungus) for partial LDPE biodeterioration. Sheets were pretreated with glow discharge plasma (O2, 3.0 x 10(-2) mbar, 600 V, 6 min.), followed by Pleurotus ostreatus biodeterioration. Fungus growth, colonization percentage, and pigment generation followed. Laccase (Lac), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) activities were appraised. Additionally, contact angle (CA), functional group presence and changes and carbonyl and vinyl indices (Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy) were evaluated. LDPE surface changes were assessed by Young's modulus, yield strength, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Plasma discharge increased hydrophilicity, decreasing CA by 76.57% and increasing surface roughness by 99.81%. P. ostreatus colonization was 88.72% in 150 days in comparison with untreated LDPE (45.55%). After this treatment carbonyl groups (C = O), C = C insaturations, high hydrophilicity CA (16 ± 4) °, and low surface roughness (7 ± 2) nm were observed. However, the highest Lac and LiP activities were detected after 30 days (Lac: 2.817 U Lac g-1 and LiP: 70.755 U LiP g-1). In addition, highest MnP activity was observed at day 120 (1.097 U MnP g-1) only for P. ostreatus treated LDPE. Plasma favored P. ostreatus adsorption, adherence, growth and colonization (88.72%), as well as partial LDPE biodeterioration, supported by increased hydrophilicity and presence of specific functional chemical groups. The approximate 27% changes in LDPE physical properties support its biodeterioration