Multidrug-resistant tuberculous orchiepididymitis: a brief case report

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death by infectious diseases worldwide. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a growing problem, especially in countries with high TB prevalence. Although the lungs are the organs most frequently affected by this disease, Mycobacterium tuberculosis can harm any organ, including the urogenital tract, causing extrapulmonary tuberculosis, which leads to a challenging diagnosis and consequent treatment delays. In this article, we present a case of orchiepididymitis caused by multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) with a significantly delayed diagnosis, the proposed treatment according to the resistance profile, and the clinical outcomes

Nurse's performance in prenatal consultation: limits and capabilities

Objective: identifying the limits and the capabilities of the nurse’s performance in the prenatal consultation. Method: a narrative review of literature. The choice of articles was conducted between 2005 and 2009, carried out at VHL with the following descriptors: prenatal care, prenatal assistance, nursing care and nurse assistance. The subject matters dealt in two sections: those which reported to the limits and those related to nurse’s the capabilities of the nurse in prenatal appointment. Discussion: 26 productions: 21 scientific and 5 institutional. Regarding the limits of nurse’s performance in prenatal care, there are: the attention focused on the biomedical model; the precariousness of resources and the ignorance of the nurse’s work were identified as nurse’s limits of performance. Capabilities: acceptance, bond and interaction, education practice of education in health and the professional commitment of the nurse’s commitment. Conclusion: the positive impact of their actions on prenatal consultation is obvious, particularly when regarding the recognition of women’s needs and effort to the integrality of health actions

The occurrence of rabies virus in the different tissues of naturally infected dogs

De um canino, acometido de raiva no Município de Itaguaí, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, foi isolado vírus rábico do cérebro, muco oral e faringeano, esôfago, língua, bexiga, supra-renais, parótidas e vesícula biliar, por inoculação em camundongos de 4 e 21 dias de idade. As amostras de vírus isolados de cada um dos tecidos, determinaram o aparecimento de corpúsculos de Negri nos cérebros dos camundongos inoculados.Rabies virus was isolated from the brain, parotid glands, oesophagus, mucus of the pharynx and oral cavities, supra-renal, gall bladder and tongue of a naturally infected dog by intracerebral inoculation in 4 and 21 day old mice. The strains of virus isolated from each tissue determined the appearance of Negri-bodies in the cytoplasm of the nerve cells of the brains of the inoculated mice

Comparison of similarity coefficients used for cluster analysis with dominant markers in maize (Zea mays L)

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether different similarity coefficients used with dominant markers can influence the results of cluster analysis, using eighteen inbred lines of maize from two different populations, BR-105 and BR-106. These were analyzed by AFLP and RAPD markers and eight similarity coefficients were calculated: Jaccard, Sorensen-Dice, Anderberg, Ochiai, Simple-matching, Rogers and Tanimoto, Ochiai II and Russel and Rao. The similarity matrices obtained were compared by the Spearman correlation, cluster analysis with dendrograms (UPGMA, WPGMA, Single Linkage, Complete Linkage and Neighbour-Joining methods), the consensus fork index between all pairs of dendrograms, groups obtained through the Tocher optimization procedure and projection efficiency in a two-dimensional space. The results showed that for almost all methodologies and marker systems, the Jaccard, Sorensen-Dice, Anderberg and Ochiai coefficient showed close results, due to the fact that all of them exclude negative co-occurrences. Significant alterations in the results for the Simple Matching, Rogers and Tanimoto, and Ochiai II coefficients were not observed either, probably due to the fact that they all include negative co-occurrences. The Russel and Rao coefficient presented very different results from the others in almost all the cases studied and should not be used, because it excludes the negative co-occurrences in the numerator and includes them in the denominator of their expression. Due to the fact that the negative co-occurrences do not necessarily mean that the regions of the DNA are identical, the use of coefficients that do not include negative co-occurrences was suggested.8391Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

The rabies virus research in the inter-scapular glands (brown-fat) of naturally infected bats

Isolou-se o vírus rábico de emulsões de glândulas inter-escapulares de cinco Desmodus rotundus, por inoculação intracraniana em camundongos, de um total de 72 morcegos de diferentes espécies. Daqueles cinco exemplares, somente conseguiu-se isolar o vírus rábico de dois cérebros, tendo sido negativas as tentativas de isolamento dos três outros cérebros. As amostras de vírus isoladas das glândulas inter-escapulares e dos cérebros foram identificadas como vírus rábico, pela presença de corpúsculos de Negri no citoplasma das células nervosas dos cérebros dos camundongos inoculados e pela prova de soro neutralização realizada com uma das amostras, utilizando-se um soro anti-rábico de conhecida capacidade neutralizante. Neste trabalho de experimentação utilizaram-se além da espécie Desmodus rotundus, outras como: Carollia sp., Phyllostomus hastotus, Molossos rufus, Molossus temminckii e Diphylla ecaudata as quais revelaram resultados negativos nas inoculações de glândulas inter-escapulares e de cérebro.Among 48 hematophagous bats Desmodus rotundus, rabies virus was isolated from the inter-scapular gland emulsions (brown-fat) of five of these bats (10,4%) by intracerebral mice inoculation. The brain emulsions of two of these bats also gave positive results. The virus strains isolated were determined by the appearance of Negri bodies in the cytoplasm of the nerve cells by microscopic examination of the inoculated brains of mice. The neutralization test employed with one of these strains presented a high titer of neutralization. During the experimentation other species of bats (Carollia sp., Phyllostomus hastatus, Molossus rufus rufus, Molossus temminckii and Diphylla ecaudata) were studied and revealed negative results

Neurosurgical Tools to Improve Safety and Survival in Patients with Intracranial Tumors: Neuronavigation, MRI, and 5-ALA

This chapter describes the usefulness of surgical technologies such as intraoperative MRI, 5-ALA fluorescence-guided surgery, and neuronavigation as tools to make brain tumor resections safer and more effective. The focuses are practical aspects and the relevant literature regarding the impact of their use in avoidance of complications, improvement in survival rates, and some tips and tricks acquired in the experience of our department. All three strategies have an important role in neuro-oncological surgery. The future probably will prove that the combination of these tools, selected case by case, is the best way to achieve the best results regarding safety and effectiveness

Isolamento de vírus rábico de pulmão, coração, rins, bexiga e outros diferentes tecidos de morcegos hematófagos da espécie Desmodus rotundus

From hematofagous bats, Desmodus rotundus, captured during the day in the Municipalities of Campos and Bom Jesus of Itabapoana in the State of Rio de Janeiro and the Municipality of Bom Jesus do Norte in the State of Espírito Santo (Brazil), rabies virus were isolated from lungs, heart, kidneys, bladder, scapular muscle, trachea, mucus of the pharyngeal and oral cavities, liver, brain, sub-maxillar and parotide glands, by intracerebral inoculation in the 4-day and 21-day old mice. The strains of virus isolated were identified as rabies virus, by presence of Negri bodies in the cytoplasm of the nerve cells following the microscopic examination of the brains of inoculated mice and by neutralization tests.De morcegos hematófagos da espécie Desmodus rotundus, capturados em pleno dia nos Municípios de Campos e Bom Jesus de Itabapoana, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e no Município de Bom Jesus do Norte, no Estado do Espirito Santo, isolou-se vírus rábico dos pulmões, coração, rins, bexiga, músculo escapular, traquéia, muco oral e faringeano, fígado, cérebro, glândulas sub-maxilares e parótidas. Foram inoculadas emulsões destes tecidos em camundongos de 4 dias de idade e 21 dias de idade, pela via intracerebral. As amostras de vírus isoladas dos diferentes morcegos foram identificadas como vírus rábico, pela formação de corpúsculos de Negri no citoplasma das células nervosas dos cérebros dos camundongos inoculados e pelas provas de soro-neutralização realizadas, utilizando-se um soro anti-rábico de reconhecida propriedade neutralizante. Foram também realizados estudos das propriedades patogênicas do vírus rábico Isolado de morcego, para camundongos, cobaios, coelhos, cães e embrião de galinha