6 research outputs found

    Construction materials flows and stocks in Paris region: an overview

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    Mankind’s most-used materials, construction materials pose major environmental challenges, mainly related to the increasing scarcity of certain primary resources. Using secondary resources, i.e. materials extracted from buildings and networks, is one response to these challenges. However, powerful constraints confront this kind of use. Paris region is studied as an example of an urban area in which secondary resources for construction offer strong potential. Possible courses of action to meet these challenges are outlined in the conclusion

    Inflows and Outflows from Material Stocks of Buildings and Networks and their Space-Differentiated Drivers: The Case Study of the Paris Region

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    Urbanization causes massive flows of construction materials and waste, which generates environmental impacts and land-use conflicts. Circular economy strategies at a local scale and in coordination with urban planning could respond to those issues. Implementing these strategies raises challenges as it requires a better knowledge of flows and their space-differentiated drivers. This article focuses on the case of the Paris region (Ile-de-France) in 2013. Construction materials inflows and outflows to and from anthropogenic stocks of buildings and networks are estimated and located though a bottom-up approach based on the collection and processing of geolocalized data. Flow analysis focuses on the relationship between urbanization and flows with a view to establishing context-specific circular economy strategies. Results show that regional inflows of construction materials to stocks in 2013 reach between 1.8 and 2.1 t/capita while outflows are between 1.0 and 1.5 t/capita. Both inflows and outflows are mainly driven by building construction and demolition as well as by road renewal. The region is composed of three sub-urban areas and flows per capita in the dense central city of Paris are significantly lower than in the low-density outskirt area of Grande Couronne (GC). Road renewal accounts for a larger share of flows in GC. Future research will address methodological limits

    The material dimension of urbanization : flows and stocks of construction materials in Ile-de-France region

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    Les matériaux de construction constituent la matière la plus consommée par les villes après l’eau ainsi que la majeure partie des déchets que ces dernières génèrent. La relation entre cette mobilisation de matériaux et les processus d’urbanisation est peu étudiée et fait l’objet de cette thèse, menée en collaboration avec la Direction régionale et interdépartementale de l’environnement et de l’énergie d’Ile-de-France, responsable du schéma régional des carrières, et le Conseil régional, responsable du plan régional de prévention et gestion des déchets. Cette recherche, qui a donné lieu au développement de méthodes pour la quantification et localisation des flux et stocks de matériaux à l’échelle de l’Ile-de-France, montre que ressources primaires et ressources secondaires sont proches en quantités disponibles et extraites. En revanche, le taux d’utilisation des ressources secondaires est nettement plus faible car il est contraint par un cadre réglementaire et normatif. La mobilisation de matériaux de l’Ile-de-France en 2013 est essentiellement générée par un processus de renouvellement urbain. Ce dernier engendre une forte démolition-reconstruction de bâtiments mais se réalise aussi par densification et nécessite l’apport de matériaux extérieurs. En outre, renouvellement des ouvrages bâtis et configuration des espaces aménagés sont liés. Une projection de flux jusqu’en 2032 montre que l’atteinte des objectifs de construction de logements définis dans le schéma directeur régional (SDRIF) engendrerait une forte hausse du taux d’importation de matériaux. Ce constat appelle la recherche d’une autre action publique visant un aménagement des ressources urbaines.Construction materials are the largest flows entering urban areas after water, while they constitute the top waste deposit. The relation between these material flows and urbanization processes has receive little attention and it is the object of this study. Work was conducted in collaboration with the Regional and inter-departmental directorate for the environment and energy Ile-de-France, responsible of the quarries regulation plan, and the Regional council, which is in charge of the C&D waste management plan. This research contributed to methodological improvement for the quantification and localisation of contruction material flows and stocks at regional scale with the case study of Ile-de-France region. Il demonstrates that that the primary and secondary resources available and extracted are close in terms of quantity. However, the utilization rate of the secondary resources is significantly lower than those of primary resources due to normative and regulatory frameworks.In 2013, the mobilization of construction materials from Ile-de-France was mainly generated by the process of urban renewal. This renewal causes major demolition and reconstruction, but it is also carried by urban densification and requires the import of external materials. In addition, the renewal of built works is strongly related to spatial configuration. A projection of material flows up to 2032 shows that achieving the targets for housing construction defined in regional master plan (SDRIF) would lead to a sharp increase in the import rate of materials. This observation calls for alternative public actions aiming at better management of urban resources

    Studying construction materials flows and stock: A review

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    Vers un modèle circulaire pour les matériaux de construction

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    Note rapide Les ateliers du ZAN (Zéro Artificialisation Nette)Le développement et le renouvellement des espaces urbanisés impliquent une importante mobilisation de ressources naturelles, majoritairement non renouvelables et parfois en raréfaction. De plus, le modèle dominant de la gestion des déchets de chantier engendre de forts impacts sur l’environnement et des conflits d’usage des sols. Les territoires urbains se retrouvent ainsi en première ligne pour répondre aux enjeux de l’aménagement durable. Quel est l’état de la gestion actuelle de ces flux essentiels au métabolisme francilien ? Comment organiser une transition vers un modèle plus circulaire
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