Do natural resources condition the aid-governance relationship? Evidence from Africa

International audienc

Do natural resources condition the aid-governance relationship? Evidence from Africa

International audienc

Do natural resources condition the aid-governance relationship? Evidence from Africa

International audienc

Essais sur l'aide au développement

The objective of this dissertation is to contribute to the existing knowledge about foreign aid, either about its consequences on the developing world or about its implications for developed economies. Chapter 1 shows that aid improves public institutions when aid is allocated by multilateral agencies. The benefits of aid are even more valuable in countries not reliant on their oil resources rents. In Chapter 2 we analyse the possible Granger causal relationships running between foreign aid and corruption in developing countries. Our data reveal that aid does not result in more or less corruption, and reversely corruption does not exert a significant influence on future assistance. In Chapter 3 we evidence that foreign assistance enhances the recipient country's efficiency of production, in particular when the country has democratic and macroeconomic sound institutions. Chapter 4 reports our data analysis on donors' domestic policies. Aid, migration and unemployment policies are recognized to be tightly connected for OECD donors. Specifically, aid policies are partly shaped by the burden of unemployment and the stock of migrants observed in the donor country.L'objectif de cette thèse est d'élargir le champ d'étude relatif à l'aide étrangère, en examinant aussi bien les conséquences des flux d'aide sur les pays en développement que les implications et tenants des politiques d'aide pour les économies développées. Dans le Chapitre 1, nous montrons que l’aide peut améliorer les institutions politiques lorsqu'elle est allouée par des agences multilatérales. Ses bénéfices sont d'autant plus notables que l'économie de l'Etat récipiendaire se délie des rentes pétrolières. Le Chapitre 2 révèle qu’aucune relation causale n’existe entre l’aide et la corruption au sein des Etats bénéficiaires. Le Chapitre 3 montre que l’aide améliore l'efficience technique avec laquelle les Etats bénéficiaires assurent leur production nationale, d'autant plus que les pays bénéficiaires se démocratisent et contrôlent leur inflation. Le Chapitre 4 révèle que les politiques d'aide, de migrations et de chômage sont intimement imbriquées. En particulier, la décision d'allouer des fonds d'aide étrangère est tributaire de la santé économique des Etats émetteurs (le taux de chômage) et soumise aux pressions des flux migratoires

Les décisions des jeunes dans la transition vers la vie adulte en France : l’influence de facteurs familiaux / Young People’s Decisions in the Transition to Adulthood in France: Influence of Family Factors

Entering adulthood is characterised by different choices. These include choosing whether or not to study, leave the parental home or work. This article examines the potential links between family environment and the choices made by young adults using data from the Enquête nationale sur les ressources des jeunes (ENRJ, National survey on the resources of young adults). The econometric methodology adopted allows us to take into account the quasi-simultaneous nature of these decisions. Aside from family structure, income, geographic location and the socio-professional category of the parents, we include indicators measuring the quality of young people’s relationships with their parents. In particular, we show that the professional and financial situation of the parents is not the only determining factor of the decisions made by young people ; the quality of young people’s relationships with their parents also has an influence on their decisions.L’entrée dans la vie adulte se caractérise par différents choix. Parmi eux, le choix d’étudier, de quitter le foyer parental ou de travailler. Cet article examine les liens possibles entre l’environnement familial et les choix effectués par les jeunes adultes en s’appuyant sur des données issues de l’Enquête nationale sur les ressources des jeunes (ENRJ). La méthodologie économétrique adoptée nous permet de prendre en compte la quasi simultanéité de ces décisions. Outre la structure familiale, les revenus, la situation géographique et la catégorie socio‑ professionnelle des parents, nous intégrons des indicateurs mesurant la qualité relationnelle des jeunes avec leurs parents. Nous montrons en particulier que la situation professionnelle et financière des parents n’est pas le seul déterminant des décisions prises par le jeune : la qualité des relations avec les parents conditionne, elle aussi, ses décisions.Menard Audrey Rose, Vergnat Vincent. Les décisions des jeunes dans la transition vers la vie adulte en France : l’influence de facteurs familiaux / Young People’s Decisions in the Transition to Adulthood in France: Influence of Family Factors. In: Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, n°514-516, 2020. Numéro spécial : Jeunes et transitions vers l'âge adulte. pp. 93-111

Young people's decisions in the transition to adulthood in France: influence of family factors

Entering adulthood is characterised by different choices. These include choosing whether or not to study, leave the parental home or work. This article examines the potential links between family environment and the choices made by young adults using data from the Enquête nationale sur les ressources des jeunes (ENRJ, National survey on young adults’ resources). The econometric methodology adopted allows us to take into account the quasi-simultaneous nature of these decisions. Aside from family structure, income, geographic location and the socio-professional category of the parents, we include indicators measuring the quality of young people’s relationships with their parents. In particular, we show that the professional and financial situation of the parents is not the only determining factor of the decisions made by young people; the quality of young people’s relationships with their parents also has an influence on their decisions

Behind the fertility–education nexus : what triggered the French development process?

The education–fertility relationship is a central element of the models explaining the transition to sustained economic growth. But many determinants of this relationship have not yet received more systematic attention. In this paper, we apply a three-stages least-squares estimator on French county-level data, including newly collected data, to better understand the causal effects running from education to fertility, and vice versa. We put forward the hypothesis that a decrease in fertility was strongly associated with greater schooling in France during the nineteenth century. Besides, we emphasize the relevance of taking account of gender equality and family organization when explaining the education–fertility relationship

Neither the elite, nor the mass. The rise of intermediate human capital during the French industrialization process

International audienceThis paper investigates the development of intermediate human capital in nineteenth century France. We perform panel and cross-section regression analyses to compare the effect of technological change on basic vs. intermediate human capital accumulation. Our contribution reveals that a shift in the kind of skills required occurred in the second half of the nineteenth century. We show that steam technology adoption was conducive to the accumulation of intermediate human capital in the second half of the nineteenth century

Neither the elite, nor the mass. The rise of intermediate human capital during the French industrialization process

International audienceThis paper investigates the development of intermediate human capital in nineteenth century France. We perform panel and cross-section regression analyses to compare the effect of technological change on basic vs. intermediate human capital accumulation. Our contribution reveals that a shift in the kind of skills required occurred in the second half of the nineteenth century. We show that steam technology adoption was conducive to the accumulation of intermediate human capital in the second half of the nineteenth century