Simultaneous determination of candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in human plasma by LC-MS/MS

A simple, sensitive, rapid and highly efficient LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of Candesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide simultaneously in human plasma. The method employed Zorbax eclipse C18 (150 X 4.6 mm, 5µ) column using acetate buffer: acetonitrile (25:75%, v/v) as the mobile phase. The mobile phase flow rate is 1 mL/min which was delivered into the mass spectrometer electron spray ionization chamber. The Liquid/liquid extraction procedure was used in the method for the extraction of analytes. The chromatograph was attached to a negative ion mode tandem mass spectrometer and the method was validated for all the parameters as per the guidelines of US-FDA. The ions were detected in multiple reaction monitoring mode and the transitions are m/z 439.00®309.10 and 295.80®268.80 for candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide respectively. Isotopic standards were used as internal standards for effective recovery of the analytes. The drugs were analyzed over a calibration range of 1.027-302.047 ng/mL for candesartan and 1.044-306.945 ng/mL for hydrochlorothiazide respectively with regression coefficient greater than 0.99. The mean extraction recoveries are 96.95±5.61 and 100.55±4.82 for candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide respectively. The precision and accuracy values for all the studies were within the range of ≤15% and 85-115%. The performed stability studies indicate that the developed method is stable in plasma for 15 h at room temperature (bench top); 52 h (in injector); for 112 days at -70 ºC for long term stability; five successive freeze and thaw cycles. The developed method could be successfully employed for the determination of selected drugs in biological samples

SYNTHESIS OF PARACETAMOL DERIVATIVES AS MANNICH BASES AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

Aim: A variety of Paracetamol derivatives as mannich bases were prepared through mannich reaction by reacting Paracetamol as compound containing active hydrogen, substituted benzaldehyde, morpholine as secondary amine compound and small amount of conc. HCl as catalyst. A simplistic one-pot method under mild conditions has been developed for the synthesis of all the compounds and they were characterized by physically (Rf values, Melting point, Molecular weight, Molecular formula) and by spectral data (IR and 1H-NMR spectral analysis). Antibacterial activity was carried out by using cup plate method. All the newly synthesized compounds were screened for antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative microorganisms i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in comparison with standard drug Streptomycin. Methodology: The 1H-NMR spectra chemical shifts in ppm were recorded on Bruker NMR 400 MHZ using spectrophotometer using DMSO-d6 as solvent. The IR spectra of the synthesized compounds were recorded on Bruker FT-IR spectrophotometer with KBr pellets. The progress of the reaction and purity of the compounds was checked by TLC on pre-coated silica gel G plates by using n-hexane:ethyl acetate (9:1) v/v as a mobile phase and visualized in UV cabinet. Conclusion: A facile one-pot method under mild conditions has been developed for the synthesis of the title compounds. All the compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against gram +ve and gram -ve micro-organisms by cup plate method. 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(morpholine-4-yl)-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propanamide 4a gives high % yield. The antibacterial screening results states that compound 4b shown significant activity against S. aureus, 4a and 4b compounds shown significant activity against B. subtilis, compound 4b shown significant activity against E. coli and compound 4f shown significant activity against P. aeruginosa

Simultaneous determination of candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in human plasma by LC-MS/MS

Abstract A simple, sensitive, rapid and highly efficient LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of Candesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide simultaneously in human plasma. The method employed Zorbax eclipse C18 (150 X 4.6 mm, 5µ) column using acetate buffer: acetonitrile (25:75%, v/v) as the mobile phase. The mobile phase flow rate is 1 mL/min which was delivered into the mass spectrometer electron spray ionization chamber. The Liquid/liquid extraction procedure was used in the method for the extraction of analytes. The chromatograph was attached to a negative ion mode tandem mass spectrometer and the method was validated for all the parameters as per the guidelines of US-FDA. The ions were detected in multiple reaction monitoring mode and the transitions are m/z 439.00®309.10 and 295.80®268.80 for candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide respectively. Isotopic standards were used as internal standards for effective recovery of the analytes. The drugs were analyzed over a calibration range of 1.027-302.047 ng/mL for candesartan and 1.044-306.945 ng/mL for hydrochlorothiazide respectively with regression coefficient greater than 0.99. The mean extraction recoveries are 96.95±5.61 and 100.55±4.82 for candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide respectively. The precision and accuracy values for all the studies were within the range of ≤15% and 85-115%. The performed stability studies indicate that the developed method is stable in plasma for 15 h at room temperature (bench top); 52 h (in injector); for 112 days at -70 ºC for long term stability; five successive freeze and thaw cycles. The developed method could be successfully employed for the determination of selected drugs in biological samples

Simultaneous determination of candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in human plasma by LC-MS/MS

<div><p>Abstract A simple, sensitive, rapid and highly efficient LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of Candesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide simultaneously in human plasma. The method employed Zorbax eclipse C18 (150 X 4.6 mm, 5µ) column using acetate buffer: acetonitrile (25:75%, v/v) as the mobile phase. The mobile phase flow rate is 1 mL/min which was delivered into the mass spectrometer electron spray ionization chamber. The Liquid/liquid extraction procedure was used in the method for the extraction of analytes. The chromatograph was attached to a negative ion mode tandem mass spectrometer and the method was validated for all the parameters as per the guidelines of US-FDA. The ions were detected in multiple reaction monitoring mode and the transitions are m/z 439.00®309.10 and 295.80®268.80 for candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide respectively. Isotopic standards were used as internal standards for effective recovery of the analytes. The drugs were analyzed over a calibration range of 1.027-302.047 ng/mL for candesartan and 1.044-306.945 ng/mL for hydrochlorothiazide respectively with regression coefficient greater than 0.99. The mean extraction recoveries are 96.95±5.61 and 100.55±4.82 for candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide respectively. The precision and accuracy values for all the studies were within the range of ≤15% and 85-115%. The performed stability studies indicate that the developed method is stable in plasma for 15 h at room temperature (bench top); 52 h (in injector); for 112 days at -70 ºC for long term stability; five successive freeze and thaw cycles. The developed method could be successfully employed for the determination of selected drugs in biological samples.</p></div

Some Selected Phytoconstituents from Rhus succedanea as SARS CoV-2 Main Protease and Spike protein (COVID-19) Inhibitors: Selective Phytoconstituents from Rhus succedanea against SARS CoV-2: In silico approach

Rhus succedanea (Anacardiaceae) was used to treat multiple human afflictions. Literary works demonstrate that it has many biological activities. Today's research aims to recognize Rhus succedanea Phyto-derived anti-viral compounds against the main protease and spike protein of the viral agent of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) gain insight into the molecular interactions. In the current study, ten molecules taken from R. succedanea are analyzed through docking, derived from the PubChem database. Docking experiments with Autodock vina and PyRx tools were conducted. AdmetSAR and DruLito servers were eventually used for drug-like prediction. Our research shows that the phytoconstituents from R. succedanea, namely, Amentoflavone, Rhoifolin, and Agathisflavone acts against SARS CoV-2 main protease with the binding affinity of -9.3, -8.6 and -8.4 Kcal/mol; Hinokiflavone Robustaflavone and Amentoflavone acts against the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain of spike protein with a binding affinity of -10.5, -10.4 and -10.1 Kcal/mol respectively. These phyto-compounds can use contemporary strategies to develop effective medicines from natural origins. The substances identified potential anti-viral as likely. However, In-vitro studies are even more necessary to assess their effectiveness versus SARS CoV-2