Grandparents\u27 Visitation Rights: A Survey Of Reciprocal Kinship-Ties Based In Historical Common Law And Legislative Policies

This article presents an in-depth exploration of the view that family ties and relationships should play an important role in determining grandparent-grandchild visitation rights, based on the important role of the extended family throughout recorded history. Atkinson postulates that post-Troxel visitation decisions should include increased consideration of the value to the child of grandparent visitation

Variation in diet of the West coast rock lobster (Jasus Ialandii) : influence of rock-lobster sex, size and food environment

Few studies of rock-lobster diet have included analyses of mature females or juveniles of either sex. This study focused on the diet of male and female West Coast rock lobsters (Jasus lalandii) in three size classes (viz.: 10 - 35 mm CL (carapace length) - small, 40 - 59 mm CL - medium and 70 - 85 mm CL - large), using visual analyses of stomach contents. The principle aims were to examine potential differences in diet between: (1) male and female rock lobsters; (2) changes in diet with size and (3) a comparison of rock-lobster diet between areas of known fast- and slow-growth rates. The primary prey items of rock lobsters are shown to be the black mussel (Choromytilus meridianalis), ribbed mussel (Aulacomya ater), barnacle (Notomegabalanus algicola), sea urchin (Parechinus angulosus), sponge and crustacean remains. There was no difference in diet between male and female rock lobsters within any size class. Bray-Curtis similarity dendograms and Multi-Dimensional scaling plots revealed differences between small, medium and large rock-lobster diets. Small rock lobsters consumed mainly ribbed and black mussels, whereas medium rock lobsters consumed higher percentages of barnacle and sponge. Sea urchins comprised a substantial percentage of large rock-lobster diet. ANOSIM (Primer v 4.0) established significant differences (p < 0.05) among diets of the three size classes. Differences in diet were also observed between areas of fast- and slow-growth rates, but these were limited to the small and medium size classes. Key prey items responsible for this difference in diet were black mussel and rock-lobster remains. The gut fullness index decreased with increasing rock-lobster size. In conclusion, there appears to be no difference in diet between male and female rock lobsters, regardless of their size. However, rock-lobster diet does appear to vary with size. The inverse relationship between gut fullness indices and size, suggests that small rock lobsters, which have a higher moult frequency, feed relatively more frequently than larger rock lobsters. Diet composition plays a role in determining the growth rate of rock lobsters from different areas

Variation in rates of age-related change in skeletal tissue in a Romano-British population

1228 skeletons from the Romano-British cemetery at Poundbury have been used to compare methods of assessment of age at death on archaeological material. The main aim was to evaluate the potential use of methods based on cortical bone structure and of the occurrence of degenerative joint disease in the spine. Changes in cortical bone do not proceed linearly with age, so methods currently available, which are based of single regression equations, are inadequate. The measures of bone structure are found to be useful in conjunction with other methods in terms of calibration. The expectations of greater variation in bone structure measurements amongst males was not observed. In the case of cortical thickness exactly the reverse is found. Possible explanations are discussed. Degenerative joint disease of the spine offers a promising means of age assessment as it is found to increase in incidence, severity and extent with age. Males show a faster rate of deg,3neration than females particularly in extent. The best measure indicated is the combined number of facet and disc joints affected in the lumbar region

Paper Technologies, Digital Technologies

In this landmark Companion, expert contributors from around the world map out the field of the critical medical humanities. This is the first volume to introduce comprehensively the ways in which interdisciplinary thinking across the humanities and social sciences might contribute to, critique and develop medical understanding of the human individually and collectively. The thirty-six newly commissioned chapters range widely within and across disciplinary fields, always alert to the intersections between medicine, as broadly defined, and critical thinking. Each chapter offers suggestions for further reading on the issues raised, and each section concludes with an Afterword, written by a leading critic, outlining future possibilities for cutting-edge work in this area. Topics covered in this volume include: the affective body, biomedicine, blindness, breath, disability, early modern medical practice, fatness, the genome, language, madness, narrative, race, systems biology, performance, the postcolonial, public health, touch, twins, voice and wonder. Together the chapters generate a body of new knowledge and make a decisive intervention into how health, medicine and clinical care might address questions of individual, subjective and embodied experience

Health for All by the Year 2000 - Where has the WHO gone?

Enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental human right of all people 2. This is seen as an important outcome as well as a goal of sustainable human development. Yet at the dawn of the 21st century massive worldwide disparities in the provision of health care continue to exist; 800 million people still lack access to health services 3. The rate of development of the first world has been greater than that of the third world so the gap between “haves” and “have nots” is greater than ever; the richest 1.2 billion people in the world account for 82.7% of the total global wealth4

U–Pb zircon age constraints for the Ordovician Fishguard Volcanic Group and further evidence for the provenance of the Stonehenge bluestones

New U–Pb zircon ages from rhyolite samples of the Fishguard Volcanic Group, SW Wales, confirm a Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) age for the group. One of the samples is from Craig Rhos-y-felin, which has recently been identified on petrological and geochemical grounds as the source of much of the debitage (struck flakes) at Stonehenge. Analysis of a Stonehenge rhyolite fragment yields an age comparable with that of the Craig Rhos-y-felin sample. Another Stonehenge fragment, thought to come from orthostat (standing stone) 48 and on petrographical grounds to be derived from the Fishguard Volcanic Group (but not Craig Rhos-y-felin), yields an age also consistent with a Fishguard Volcanic Group source. Supplementary material: Details of analytical methods and a table of data are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3518175