Effect of cellulase treatment of long fiber fraction on strength properties of recycled corrugated medium

It is a well-known fact that the physical strength properties of fibers decrease with recycling. The aim of this study was to investigate the positive effect of using commercial cellulase enzymes on the physical strength properties of corrugated medium. The long fiber fraction of pulp is the most appropriate application point of a cellulase enzyme. Therefore, the pulp used in this research has been obtained at fractionation screen levels of modern Karton paper mill Turkey. The long-fiber fraction of the pulp for corrugated medium was pre-treated with four different commercial enzymes, Roglyr Bio 1537, Maximyze 2520, Benstone and Bensoft Plus. The handsheets for physical testing were prepared after blending of beaten long-fiber and unbeaten short-fiber fractions. The obtained test results have indicate that the application of enzyme on appropriate fiber fraction have positive effects on the strength properties of the corrugated medium. The short span compression test is one of most important strength properties of corrugated board and increase from 8.41 to 20.5% with enzymatic pre-treatment and beating of the long fiber fraction.Key words: Corrugated medium, enzymatic pre-treatment, cellulase, long-fiber fraction, paper strength properties, short span compression

Analysis on Private Practice Midwives Work Performance in the Implementation of Early Initation of Breastfeeding in Surabaya

Successfulness of an exclusive breastfeeding was influenced by early breastfeeding initiation (IMD). In Surabaya, implementation of IMD was only done by 33% of all deliveries assisted by private practice midwives in 2009, and it decreased to 27% in 2010. Based on a preliminary study, work performance of private practice midwives (BPS) in the implementation of IMD was not optimal. Objective of this study was to analyze work performance of private practice midwives in the implementation of early breastfeeding initiation in Surabaya. This was an observational-qualitative study. Study main informants were 10 BPS who were selected from area with the lowest and highest IMD coverage; each of area consisted of 5 BPS. Triangulation informants were a secretary of IBI Surabaya branch, midwives assistance, and post-delivery mothers. Data were collected through in-depth interview and observation on the implementation of IMD. Data were managed and analyzed by applying content analysis method. Results of the study showed that six out of 10 BPS had implemented IMD though with improper way. Cognitive ability of all respondents regarding IMD was still inadequate. Six out of 10 BPS had positive attitude toward IMD. Motivation of BPS to implement IMD was influenced by IMD benefits, suggestion from district health office and from IBI, and from patient's request. All respondents told that no supervision by coordinator midwives was conducted although it was needed by respondents. In conclusion, work performance of BPS in the implementation of IMD was not optimal. It was caused by inadequate cognitive ability of BPS, and no supervision from a coordinator midwives

Hubungan Beberapa Faktor dengan Kelengkapan Pengisian Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak oleh Bidan Desa di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jepara Tahun 2016

One effort to improve the quality of health care of mothers and children is completeness of MCH handbook. MCH handbook is a tool for early detection of disorder or maternal and child health issues. In Jepara district, the contents of MCH handbook were not complete and not filled, there were nutrition and feeding, Stimulation Detection and Early Intervention on Growth and Development and child health records. This study aims to analyze some factors related to the completeness of MCH handbook filling by a village midwives. This type of research was Explanatory Research with Cross Sectional Study. Study population was 16 village midwives and 1,001 mothers with 5 years old children and has a MCH handbook. Proportional random sampling was applied and obtained a sample of 16 village midwives and 88 MCH handbooks. Data analysis consisted of univariate, bivariate analysis using Rank Spearman and multivariate analysis using multiple linear regression. Results of univariate analysis showed that most of village midwives aged 35-39 years old (50%) with length of work in 11-20 years (56.3%), good enough knowledge (68.8%), good enough attitude (50%), less good motivation (37.5%), good enough skills (68.8%), good enough data requirement (43.8%), less complexity of form (50.0%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there are correlation between knowledge (rs = 0.488), attitude (rs = 0.317) and skills (rs = 0.329) with the completeness of MCH handbook filling by village midwives. Multivariate analysis showed that there are correlation between knowledge and skills with the completeness of MCH handbook filling by village midwives. Recommendation to Puskesmas Jepara are establish a training program about MCH handbook and how to filling MCH handbook that aims to improve the knowledge, attitude and skills of village midwives in filling of MCH handbook

Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Gadget dalam Aktivitas Belajar untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Ppkn

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the use of gadget in learning activities to improve student learning outcomes in class 11th social scienes of state senior highschool 1 Seputih Mataram. The research method used is descriptive method with research subjects of SMA Negeri 1 Seputih Mataram, which amounted to 25 respondents. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and supporting techniques are interviews and documentation. Based on the research results can be seen that, the effect of the use of gadget on students explained that at the time of learning activities by using gadget can improve student learning outcomes of class 11th social scienes of state senior highschool 1 Seputih Mataram.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan pengaruh pemanfaatan gadget dalam aktivitas belajar untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar PPKn siswa di kelas XI IIS SMA Negeri 1 Seputih Mataram. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan subjek penelitian siswa SMA Negeri 1 Seputih Mataram yang berjumlah 25 responden.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan teknik penunjang adalah wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa, pengaruh pemanfaatan gadget pada siswa menjelaskan bahwa pada saat aktivitas belajar dengan memanfaatkan gadget dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI IIS SMA Negeri 1 Seputih Mataram

Tabu, Hambatan Budaya Pendidikan Seksualitas Dini pada Anak

Latar belakang: Selama tahun 2014, telah terjadi peningkatan kasus Kekerasan Seksual pada Anak (KSA) di Kota Dumai. Salah satu cara melindungi anak dari kekerasan seksual adalah dengan memberikan pendidikan seksualitas dini pada anak. Namun, pendidikan seks masih menjadi topik perbincangan tabu di dalam keluarga. Padahal keluarga merupakan agen sosialisasi pertama bagi anak. Menurut teori Health Belief Model, terdapat 4 hal penting yang mempengaruhi seseorang untuk mengubah perilakunya, yaitu apabila seseorang merasa rentan, merasa masalah tersebut serius, tidak ada yang menghalangi dan merasa diuntungkan dengan perilaku tersebut. Menggali persepsi orangtua terhadap pendidikan seks dini pada anak akan memberikan informasi tentang langkah intervensi yang terbaik melalui pendidikan seks.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif eksploratif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pemilihan subjek penelitian dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan focus group discussion (FGD) dan wawancara mendalam. Analisis yang digunakan adalah content analysis.Hasil: Pengetahuan orangtua terhadap kasus Kekerasan Seksual pada Anak (KSA) masih minim. Faktor penghambat utama yang menghalangi orangtua memberikan pendidikan seksualitas dini pada anak adalah ketidaknyamanan, persepsi ketidaksiapan anak dan ketidaktahuan cara menyampaikan pendidikan seksualitas pada anak. Ketersediaan informasi yang cukup tentang seksualitas, komunikasi yang baik dan adanya peran ayah dalam pendidikan seksualitas akan memudahkan orangtua dalam memberikan pendidikan seksualitas dini pada anak.Kesimpulan: Orangtua masih mengganggap pendidikan seksualitas sebagai topik pembicaraan yang tabu dalam keluarga. Tenaga promosi kesehatan hendaknya lebih dapat memanfaatkan forum-forum yang melibatkan orangtua, seperti posyandu atau pertemuaan komite sekolah, untuk mensosialisasikan pendidikan seksualitas dini yang tepat bagi anak

Information System Development for Web Based Routine Reporting of Pneumonia in Acute Respiratory Infection Control Program at Semarang District Health Office

Evaluation activities for a program of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection Disease Control at SemarangDistrict Health Office were not optimal because required information from a routine report couldnot be used to support evaluation activities. Some problems existing on current information systemof pneumonia routine reporting were as follows: an officer had a difficulty to change or re-access pneumonia information, resulted information was incomplete and unclear, and submission of areport was not timely. This research aimed to develop information system of Pneumonia routinereporting based on web on the program of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection Disease Control atSemarang District Health Office.Design of this research was pre-experiment with one group pretest-posttest approach. In addition,development of the system used the methods of Framework for the Application of System Techniques(FAST). Subjects consisted of a system user at District Health Office and four pilot health centers.Data were collected using methods of observation, indepth interview, and a closed-endedquestionnaire. Furthermore, data were analyzed using content analysis and Wilcoxon test.This research resulted information system of Pneumonia routine reporting based on web on theprogram of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection Disease Control to solve problems happened in theold system. The result of Wilcoxon test revealed that there were any quality differences of informationin terms of the aspect of easiness (p=0.0001), the aspect of completeness (p=0.0001), the aspect ofclarity (p=0.0001), and the aspect of timeliness (p=0.0001) before and after developing theinformation system.As a suggestion, Semarang District Health Office needs to have commitment to optimally operatethe new system. Additionally, data reported from health centers to District Health Office must beaccurate in accordance with reality in the fields

Impact of particles on the Planck HFI detectors: Ground-based measurements and physical interpretation

The Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI) surveyed the sky continuously from August 2009 to January 2012. Its noise and sensitivity performance were excellent, but the rate of cosmic ray impacts on the HFI detectors was unexpectedly high. Furthermore, collisions of cosmic rays with the focal plane produced transient signals in the data (glitches) with a wide range of characteristics. A study of cosmic ray impacts on the HFI detector modules has been undertaken to categorize and characterize the glitches, to correct the HFI time-ordered data, and understand the residual effects on Planck maps and data products. This paper presents an evaluation of the physical origins of glitches observed by the HFI detectors. In order to better understand the glitches observed by HFI in flight, several ground-based experiments were conducted with flight-spare HFI bolometer modules. The experiments were conducted between 2010 and 2013 with HFI test bolometers in different configurations using varying particles and impact energies. The bolometer modules were exposed to 23 MeV protons from the Orsay IPN TANDEM accelerator, and to $^{241}$Am and $^{244}$Cm $\alpha$-particle and $^{55}$Fe radioactive X-ray sources. The calibration data from the HFI ground-based preflight tests were used to further characterize the glitches and compare glitch rates with statistical expectations under laboratory conditions. Test results provide strong evidence that the dominant family of glitches observed in flight are due to cosmic ray absorption by the silicon die substrate on which the HFI detectors reside. Glitch energy is propagated to the thermistor by ballistic phonons, while there is also a thermal diffusion contribution. The implications of these results for future satellite missions, especially those in the far-infrared to sub-millimetre and millimetre regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 13 figure