Investor's increased shareholding due to entrepreneur-manager collusion

This study presents an investor/entrepreneur model in which the entrepreneur has opportunities to manipulate the workings of the project via hidden arrangements. We provide the optimal contracts in the presence and absence of such hidden arrangements. The contracts specify the shareholding arrangement between investor and entrepreneur. Moreover, we render an exact condition necessary for the credit market to form

Misaligned? Overvalued? The Untold Story of the Turkish Lira

There is a consensus among scholars that overvalued exchange rates result in currency crises. This paper estimates the equilibrium real exchange rate for Turkey and finds that the lira was indeed overvalued before the crises in 1994 and 2001. However, the actual real exchange rate is at present close to the equilibrium level, exposing the myth propagated by the Turkish exporters that lira’s overvaluation is responsible for Turkey’s uncompetitive exports. The paper also highlights the role for fiscal adjustment in macroeconomic stabilityTurkish lira, overvaluation, equilibrium real exchange rate, misalignment

Intensity of Food Stamp Use and Transient and Chronic Poverty: Evidence from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics

The relationship between food assistance and inter-annual family poverty dynamics is examined using data from the 1995-2003 Panel Study of Income Dynamics. We generate expenditure-based poverty measures to examine the determinants of transient and chronic poverty, with particular focus on the differential role that Food Stamp Program (FSP) participation may have on each dimension of poverty. Results indicate that transient poverty accounts for a larger share of economic hardship than chronic poverty. Both dimensions of poverty are reduced at nearly the same rate by additional months of FSP participation. In general, the determinants of chronic and transient poverty are not found to differ significantly; both aspects of poverty appear to be correlated with age of household head, human capital, minority status, rural residence and local economic conditions.Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty,

Roles invertidos en "The End of This Day’s Business" de Katharine Burdekin: Un orden social utópico-distópico

This article aims to introduce the British writer, Katharine Burdekin as a writer of speculative fiction and to critically deal with her literary utopia/dystopia, The End of This Day’s Business (1935, 1989). Burdekin’s brief biographical information, in conjunction with an analysis of her other significant work, Swastika Night (1937) is necessary for comprehending her concerns about the future and her utopian impulse. The article presents an analytical approach to the interconnectedness between gender politics, knowledge production and communication, and practice of power in the envisioned world order. It concerns Burdekin’s representation of both the patriarchal and matriarchal world order and discusses her quest for the utopian impulse and constructive social changeEste artículo pretende introducir a la escritora británica, Katharine Burdekin, como escritora de ficción especulativa, y también tratar críticamente su utopía/distopía literaria, The End of This Day’s Business (1935, 1989). Para entender la preocupación de Burdekin con el futuro y también su impulso utópico, hace falta información biográfica y una referencia a su otra obra notable, Swastika Night (1937). Este artículo presenta un enfoque analítico de la interconexión entre la política de género, la producción y la comunicación del conocimiento, y la práctica del poder en el orden mundial imaginado. Se trata sobre su representación de los órdenes mundiales patriarcales y matriarcales, y sobre su búsqueda de un impulso utópico y un cambio social constructiv

ICT Skills and Employment Opportunities

This study analyzes information communication technology (ICT) use and skills of workers, and their eects on employment opportunities. I employ a condential data set provided by Statistical Institute of Turkey that includes detailed surveys on ICT use by households and individuals. The data contains information on ICT skills: starting from the most basic ones such as using an excel spreadsheet and uploading or transferring les, to more advanced skills such as knowing a programming language and solving computer problems. Workers that have ICT skills are more likely to be employed when individual and household level observables are held constant. However, this positive relationship is due to the workers who gained these skills at work. This data suggests there is no causal direction from ICT skills to employment and the pos- itive relationship is due to endogeneity

Hypertension, obesity and depressed-mood as risk factors for the incidence of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality among men and women in Europe. Somatic risk factors, including hypertension, obesity and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been established as having the largest role in the incidence of CVD. However, while research continues to shed light on the pathogenesis, aetiology, treatment and management of risk factors, psychosocial factors have not received the required attention. The current doctoral thesis aims to provide a real-world perspective of the association between somatic risk factors and depressed-mood, and the consecutive impact on the incidence of T2DM and CVD. The investigations were derived from two published manuscripts using population-based prospective data from Augsburg, Southern Germany. The first manuscript examined the 10-year CVD mortality in participants with hypertension cut-off values according to the current European Society of Cardiology (ESC), in comparison to the recently proposed American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines. Departure from the current ESC to the ACC/AHA hypertension cut-off substantially increased the hypertension prevalence, while capturing a population with lower CVD risk. Furthermore, participants who were aware of their hypertension had higher depressed-mood in comparison to those who were unaware, reflecting a negative labelling effect. The second manuscript examined the interactive effects of obesity and depressed-mood on the 15-year risk of incident T2DM, aiming to understand whether depressed mood had an additional impact for prognosis of morbidity in obese people. The investigation disclosed that despite the significance of obesity as a risk factor for T2DM, presence of depressed-mood heightened the T2DM risk even further in obese people. The current thesis highlights the relevance of psychosocial factors, namely, depressed-mood, in clinical settings and for public health intervention efforts for CVD and T2DM. Depressed-mood is an essential psychosocial factor to consider in future aetiological conceptualizations of CVD and T2DM because it reveals mortality and morbidity risk beyond the traditional risk factors while simultaneously representing the quality of life of the individual

Yazma Öz Yeterliği ile Yazma Becerisi Arasındaki İlişki: Bir Meta Analiz Çalışması

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between writing self-efficacy and writing skill using meta-analysis. In line with this main purpose, the frequency and percentage distributions of the studies, which are included in the research as part of the meta-analysis, according to the moderator variables, the overall effect size of the relationship between writing self-efficacy and writing skill, and the differences in the effect sizes of the studies based on the moderator variables were examined. In order to collect data, "writing self-efficacy", "self-efficacy and writing", "writing motivation", "writing belief", "yazma öz yeterlik", "yazma öz yeterliği", "yazma motivasyonu" (Turkish terms for writing self-efficacy and writing motivation) keywords have been searched in Web of Science, Proquest, ERIC, Council of Higher Education National Theses Center, ULAKBIM (Turkish Academic Network and Information Center) Social Sciences databases, Google Scholar and Google Akademik (Turkish name of Google Scholar) search engines. 70 studies were determined as the result of these searches, and among these studies, those that did not comply with the inclusion and exclusion criteria were eliminated and 37 studies were selected as the sample of the research. In the analysis of the data, Comprehensive Meta-analysis v3.0 statistics program was used. Random effects model was chosen as the meta-analysis model for the research, and Fisher Z value was used in calculating the effect size value. As the result of the analysis carried out, the overall effect size of the relationship between writing self-efficacy and writing skill was positive and moderate (0.369). In addition to the foregoing, there were some differences between the effect sizes of the studies examining the relationship between writing self-efficacy and writing skill based on moderator variables.Bu araştırmanın amacı, yazma öz yeterliği ile yazma becerisi arasındaki ilişkiyi meta analiz yoluyla incelemektir. Bu temel amaca bağlı olarak araştırmada meta analiz kapsamında yer alan çalışmaların moderatör değişkenlere göre sıklık ve yüzdelik dağılımları, yazma öz yeterliği ile yazma becerisi arasındaki ilişkinin genel etki büyüklüğü ve çalışmaların etki büyüklüklerinin moderatör değişkenlere göre gösterdiği farklılıklar incelenmiştir. Verilerin toplanması için Web of Science, Proquest, ERIC, Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi, ULAKBİM Sosyal Bilimler veri tabanlarında ve Google Scholar, Google Akademik arama motorlarında “writing self efficacy”, “self efficacy and writing”, “writing motivation”, “writing belief”, “yazma öz yeterlik”, “yazma öz yeterliği”, “yazma motivasyonu” anahtar kelimeleriyle taramalar yapılmıştır. Yapılan taramalar sonucunda 70 çalışma belirlenmiş, bu çalışmalardan seçim kriterlerine uygun olmayanlar elenmiş ve 37 çalışma, araştırmanın örneklemi olarak belirlenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde Comprehensive Meta Analysis v3.0 istatistik programından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada meta analiz modeli olarak serbest etkiler modeli seçilmiş ve etki büyüklüğü değerinin hesaplanmasında Fisher Z değeri kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda yazma öz yeterliği ile yazma becerisi arasındaki ilişkinin genel etki büyüklüğü pozitif yönde ve orta düzeyde (0,369) bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte yazma öz yeterliği ile yazma becerisi arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen çalışmaların etki büyüklükleri arasında moderatör değişkenlere göre bazı farklılıkların olduğu tespit edilmiştir

ICT Use and Labor: Firm-Level Evidence from Turkey

This study analyzes the adoption and use of information communication technolo- gies (ICTs) by rms and their eects on employment and wages. I use a condential data set from Turkey that includes detailed surveys focused on how ICTs and the Internet are used by rms. By using the rich survey data, I create an ICT index sum- marizing ICT adoption and use, along with the skills of the rms, where each category takes into account many applications. The rms with dierent levels of ICTs dier in many characteristics. I use the generalized propensity score matching method in order to compare rms that are similar in many dimensions such as industry, location, invest- ments, prots, trade balance, and output. I nd positive eects of ICTs on employment and wages that are diminishing after a certain level of ICTs. These signicant eects are due to an increase in ICT-generated jobs and not due to an increase in non-ICT jobs in the short-run. The eects on non-ICT employment become signicant a couple years after investments in ICTs. This implies a change in the skill composition of the rms with higher intensity of ICT use, especially in the short run