A NEW SPECIES OF MURRAYA FROM CYCLOPS MOUNTAIN, PAPUA, INDONESIA

ASTUTI, I. P. & RUGAYAH. 2016. A new species of Murraya from Cyclops Mountain, Papua, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 15(2): 111 –114. — A living collection of Bogor Botanic Gardens, planted in plot XXIV.A.192-192a and originated from Kemiri Said Nature Reserve, Cyclops Mountain in Papua collected by Lugrayasa (LG 1352), is described and illustrated as a new species, namely Murraya cyclopensis Astuti & Rugayah. The species is closely related to Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, in vegetative and flower structures, but differ in the presence of indumentum on twig, rachis and petiole, smaller size of flowers, red globose fruits, and orbicular seeds covered by densely short hairs and red aril

MORFOLOGI DAN VIABILITAS POLEN PADA DUA SPESIES BELIMBING HUTAN (Averrhoa dolichocarpa dan A. leucopetala)

Wild starfruit Averrhoa dolichocarpa and A. leucopetala belong to Oxidaceae family. Both of these species are known as wild startfruit. Usage these species as a fruit or medicine are not discover yet. A number of flowers aborted during pre and at anthesis. As a result the flower failed to produce a fruit. The aims of the research were to study the pollen morphology and viability at a day before anthesis (H-1) and at anthesis (H0) stadia by the method of germination in the Brewbaker and Kwack (BK) and 10% sucrose media. The pollen shape of the wild starfruit (A. dolichocarpa and A. leucopetala) is globose with three aperture or tricolpate. Polen with smooth surfaces is A. leucopetala and polen with rogh surfaces is A. dolicocarpha, also included into the group of medium-type pollen. Preliminary study showed that the optimum incubation time of pollen germination  test was 16 hours. BK medium showed a better result for germination test instead of 10% sucrose with viability 68.4% and 54.6%, respectively. Pollen viability of wild starfruit at H0 stadia (65.29%) was higher than pollen viability at H-1 stadia (57.68%) except on A. dolichocarpa that grow in the slopes on long filaments in both of BK and 10% sucrose media. Pollen viability of wild starfruit on long filaments were higher than on the short filaments i.e. 62.5% and 60.5%, respectively

PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF Reinwardtiodendron humile (Hassk.) Mabb. FRUIT FROM BOGOR BOTANIC GARDENS COLLECTION

Abstract   Reinwardtiodendron humile (Hassk.) Mabb. is one of the members of the Meliaceae tribe with the potential to be developed and consumed as fresh fruit or processed fruit. This research aims to determine the proximate composition or nutritional values contained in R. humile. Proximate analysis of R. humile included analytical determinations of water, ash, crude fat, protein, crude fibre, and carbohydrates. All tests for each of the parameters or components were carried out two times. Then, the contents determined through proximate tests were calculated using certain formulas. The results of this study indicate that the proximate composition of R. humile consisted of water, ash, fat, protein, crude fibre, and carbohydrates (74.2% - 75.28%; 1.35% - 1.54%; 0.53% - 0.72%; 2.48% - 2.73%; 0.86% - 3, 47%; and 16.7% - 20.14%). These results meant the fruit contents met the quality standards of fruit, except for the protein content. The results of the analysis of the proximate composition also show that the nutritional values of R. humile fruit did not significantly differ from the nutritional values of other fruits of the Meliaceae tribe commonly consumed by humans, such as duku, langsat, and kokosan.   Keywords: fruit, nutritional value, proximate analysis, Reinwardtiodendron humile                                &nbsp

Essential Oils Composition of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) Collection of Bogor Botanic Gardens from Central Java and East Sumba

The Bogor Botanical Gardens' Citrus hystrix collections from East Sumba and Central Java differ in morphology and fruit aroma compared to the common C. hystrix. Hence, this study aimed to determine the essential oils' compositions of C. hystrix originated from Central Java and East Sumba to further clarify these differences. Extraction of essential oils were done using hydro-distillation, and the chemical compositions were investigated using GC-MS. The main compound of the leaf oil from East Sumba and Central Java was Linalool and Citronellal, respectively. Meanwhile, the main constituents were almost identical for the fruit oils, namely L-β-Pinene, D-Limonene, and L-α-Terpineol.

FENOFASE BUNGA Sarcotheca macrophylla Blume (Oxalidaceae) DAN INTERAKSINYA DENGAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DI KEBUN RAYA BOGOR

Sarcotheca macrophylla Blume as known as kerumbai merah is an endemic plant of Borneo belonging to the family Oxalidaceae. Its fruits are edible and the Dayak Kenyah people in West Kutai, East Kalimantan, also use them as shampoo. Taxonomic studies of this species has been reported, however, studies on its flowering phenophases and phenology has never been found in the literature. This study aimed to describe the flowering development phases of S. macrophylla and determine the environmental factors affecting the process. Descriptive observations of the growth phase and environmental factors were carried out in the Bogor Botanic Gardens. The time of floral initiation of S. macrophylla was 30 days. The phase of the single flower small bud took place for 6 days. The phase of large bud occurred in 12 days. The anthesis phase needed 1–2 days. The fruit development took place for 36–40 days. The biotic factor that is thought to influence the flowering process is air temperature. The biotic factor that influenced the fertilization of S. macrophylla was insect visits from the families Hymenoptera, Curculionidae, Mitidae, and CicadellidaeSarcotheca macrophylla Blume Yang dikenal dengan nama kerumbai merah merupakan tumbuhan endemik Borneo anggota suku Oxalidaceae. Buah dari tumbuhan ini dapat dimakan dan masyarakat Dayak Kenyah di Kutai Barat, Kalimantan Timur memanfaatkannya sebagai sampo. Kajian mengenai taksonomi jenis ini telah dilaporkan, namun kajian mengenai fenofase dan fenologi pembungaan belum pernah ditemukan dalam pustaka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan proses pembungaan dan faktor lingkungan yang memengaruhi perkembangan bunga S. macrophylla. Pengamatan deskriptif dari fase perkembangan bunga dan faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhinya dilakukan di Kebun Raya Bogor. S. macrophylla memiliki waktu inisiasi pembungaan selama 30 hari. Fase kuncup kecil bunga tunggal berlangsung selama 6 hari. Fase kuncup besar terjadi selama 12 hari. Fase antesis memerlukan waktu selama 1–2 hari. Perkembangan buah membutuhkan waktu selama 36–40 hari. Faktor biotik yang diduga berpengaruh pada proses pembungaan adalah suhu udara. Faktor biotik yang mempengaruhi pembuahan S. macrophylla adalah kunjungan serangga dari Hymenoptera, Curculionidae, Mitidae, dan Cicadellidae

Sauromatum horsfieldii Miq. (Araceae): KOLEKSI BARU KEBUN RAYA BOGOR

Sauromatum and Typhonium are two genera belonging to theAraceae family. These genera have extreme similarities in its morphology. Since the genera were erected by Schott in 1832, they have often been reduced to one genus, i.e. Typhonium, by many taxonomists, only to be separated again by others. This dispute has now been resolved after research on chlorophast and DNA molecular sequences, conducted in 2010 by Cusimano et al. This research demonstrated that the two genera do differ significantly. Therefore, they should be separated taxonomically, as Typhonium and Sauromatum. Soon after the publication of this research, the name Sauromatum horsfieldii was restored, replacing Typhonium horsfieldii which now is reduced to status of a synonym.Sauromatum and Typhonium are two genera belonging to theAraceae family. These genera have extreme similarities in its morphology. Since the genera were erected by Schott in 1832, they have often been reduced to one genus, i.e. Typhonium, by many taxonomists, only to be separated again by others. This dispute has now been resolved after research on chlorophast and DNA molecular sequences, conducted in 2010 by Cusimano et al. This research demonstrated that the two genera do differ significantly. Therefore, they should be separated taxonomically, as Typhonium and Sauromatum. Soon after the publication of this research, the name Sauromatum horsfieldii was restored, replacing Typhonium horsfieldii which now is reduced to status of a synonym

ANATOMI DAUN PIPERACEAE DARI KAWASAN GUNUNG SLAMET, JAWA TENGAH

Leaf anatomy of Piperaceae from Gunung Slamet, Central Java has made with standard paraffin and paradermal method. The results showed that Piperaceae has dorsiventral leaf, hypostomatatic or amphistomatatic, tetracytic and cyclocytic stomata type. Hypoderm tissue exist in upper and/or lower part of leaf, mesophyll was arranged by 1-2 layers of palisade and 2-7 layers of sponge tissue. There were 3 types of trichome i.e. glandular trichome which had globose cell with short stalk, bicellular glandular trichome and multicellular & uniseriate non-glandular trichome. The shape of the crystal of Piperaceae from gunung Slamet are sand, needle, drusse or prismatic which distributed in hypodermis, mesophyll and midrib. Piperaceae petiole was arranged by open or sometimes closed circle vascular bundles. These open vascular bundles were crescent shape or resemble to U and V shapes

Bauhinia pottsii G. Don var pottsii KOLEKSI DARI KABUPATEN KUTAI BARAT : CATATAN BARU PERSEBARANNYA DI KALIMANTAN

Bauhinia is one of the largest genus in Caesalpiniaceae family and distributed in all tropical area. One among 300 species of Bauhinia is Bauhinia pottsii G.don. This species is distributed from Southern Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Malay Peninsular, Borneo, Sumatra, Jawa, Bali and Lesser Sunda islands. In 2008 it was recorded that one specimen was originated from East Kalimantan and collected in 1925. During exploration in Kampung Temula, Kecamatan Nyuatan, Kabupaten Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan, this show that after about 87 years the natural habitat of Bauhinia pottsii G.Don var pottsii was found. and this is a new distribution area for Bauhinia pottsii G. Don var. pottsii

KEBUN RAYA SRIWIJAYA: BENTENG KONSERVASI FLORA LAHAN GAMBUT SUMATERA

Establishment of The Sriwijaya Botanical Garden (Kebun Raya Sriwijaya or KRS) is one of an answer to address the declining rate of plant diversity in Sumatra. Occupied an area of 100 ha in Ogan Ilir Regency, conservation of Sumatran peatland flora was designated as the garden’s theme. The Sriwijaya Botanical Garden was launched on July 27, 2018 and to date has conserved 76 tribes, 191 genera, and 366 species. Supported with public facilities and infrastructures, it is expected that the Botanical Gardens will be ready to played its role as one of the leading plant  conservation institution in Indonesia