Evaluation du pouvoir disjonctif des variables catégorielles impliquées dans la sélection du palmier à huile (Elaeis guineensis jacq.) en Côte d’Ivoire

En amélioration génétique du palmier à huile (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.), les variables catégorielles constituent une part majoritaire de l’information utilisée pour différencier, les populations de géniteurs issus du programme de sélection récurrente réciproque (SRR). Le pouvoir disjonctif de ces variables a été testé sur 134 géniteurs sélectionnés issus des populations du premier, deuxième et troisième cycle de SRR. Les variables catégorielles utilisées pour différencier ces populations sont celles qui ont permis d’avoir des informations sur les origines géographiques et les généalogies parentales des géniteurs. L’analyse factorielle de l’ensemble de ces variables catégorielles, a permis de déterminer le pouvoir disjonctif de chacun des deux principaux critères de divergences des populations de géniteurs sélectionnes. Le critère "origine géographique" a représenté 14 % d’expression de disjonction totale des populations de géniteurs sélectionnés. Le critère "généalogie parentale" a représenté 70 % d’expression de disjonction totale des populations de géniteurs sélectionnés. L’utilisation de ces deux critères de différenciation des populations de géniteurs sélectionnées peut constituer une bonne alternative à l’utilisation des données moléculaires dans les études de la diversité des populations de palmier à huile en sélection.Mots-clés : Palmier à huile, sélection, variable catégorielle, disjonction de populatio

Hybrid collagen–cellulose–Fe3O4@TiO2 magnetic bio-sponges derived from animal skin waste and Kenaf fibers for wastewater remediation

Abstract Water pollution from synthetic dyes and oil spills has a significant impact on the environment and living species. Here, we developed a low-cost, environmentally friendly and easily biodegradable magnetic hybrid bio-sponge nanocomposite from renewable resources such as collagen and cellulose (Kenaf fibre cellulose–collagen, KFCC). We loaded it with magnetic bimetallic Fe3O4@TiO2 (BFT) NPs to produce a photocatalyst material (KFCC-BFT) for the treatment of colored wastewater as well as a sorbent for oil–water separation. The characterization of the bimetallic BFT NPs by XRD, HRTEM and VSM showed the deposition of TiO2 particles onto the surface of Fe3O4 with lattice interlayers spacing of 0.24 and 0.33 nm for Fe3O4 and TiO2, respectively with ferromagnetic property. The UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra result indicated that the band gap energy of bio-sponges decreases with the increase of the bimetallic moiety. The photocatalytic efficiency of the as-prepared magnetic hybrid bio-sponge in the degradation of crystal violet dye was up to 91.2% under visible light conditions and 86.6% under direct sunlight exposure. Furthermore, the magnetic hybrid bio-sponge was used to separate motor oil from water (> 99%) and had a high oil sorption capacity of 46.1 g/g. Investigation of the recyclability and reusability performance for 9 cycles revealed that the bio-sponge had a high sorption capacity for up to 5 cycles. Our results suggest that the bio-polymer-supported BFT hybrid nanocomposite is a cost-effective and easily biodegradable photocatalyst and has great potential for real-field environmental remediation applications

Complete Genome Sequences of Five Acinetobacter baumannii Phages from Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

International audienceFive bacteriophages of Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated from sewage water in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Phages Aci01-1, Aci02-2, and Aci05 belong to an unclassified genus of the Myoviridae family, with double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes, whereas Aci07 and Aci08 belong to the Fri1virus genus of the Podoviridae family of phages

Identification of Three Distinct Eggplant Subgroups within the Solanum aethiopicum Gilo Group from Côte d’Ivoire by Morpho-Agronomic Characterization

The Solanum aethiopicum Gilo group, described as homogeneous, shows a high diversity, at least at the morphological level. In Côte d’Ivoire, farmers distinguish three subgroups, named “N’Drowa”, “Klogbo” and “Gnangnan”, within this group. Data were obtained from 10 quantitative and 14 qualitative morpho-agronomic traits measured in 326 accessions of Gilo eggplants, at flowering and fruiting stages. Univariate and multivariate analyses allowed clearly clustering the studied accessions into the three subgroups. Fruit taste, leaf blade width, fruit diameter, leaf blade length, fruit weight, fruit color at commercial ripeness, petiole length, germination time, plant breadth, fruit position on the plant, fruit length and flowering time were, in decreasing order, the twelve most discriminating traits. Compared to the “Gnangnan” subgroup, the “N’Drowa” subgroup has smaller plant breadth and larger leaves. The fruits of this subgroup were mainly white at commercial ripeness, larger and sweeter. Most of the traits of the “Klogbo” subgroup were intermediate between those of the “N’Drowa” and “Gnangnan” subgroups. Our results could contribute to a better understanding of S. aethiopicum diversity and to the development of a core collection for African eggplant breeding

Genetic parameters of drought tolerance for agromorphological traits in eggplant, wild relatives, and interspecific hybrids

[EN] Crop wild relatives (CWRs) have barely been used in eggplant (Solanum melongena) breeding. However, introgression breeding may help in coping with the challenges posed by climate change. During the rainy and dry seasons, we evaluated nine accessions of eggplant, nine accessions of seven related species (of which six are CWRs and one is a cultivated relative), and 12 interspecific hybrids. Drought tolerance scores, calculated as ratios of growing rates and ratios of mean values during the rainy and dry seasons, were obtained for vegetative growth and yield-related traits. Considering the vegetative growth and yield-related traits evaluated, the F-1 hybrid progenies of eggplant with S. insanum MEL1 x INS2 and MEL4 x INS3, S. anguivi MEL6 x ANG1, and S. dasyphyllum MEL6 x DAS1, plus the S. sysimbriifolium accession SIS1, displayed drought tolerance. Small to large gaps were observed between phenotypic and genotypic CVs of drought tolerance scores, reflecting variable influence of environmental factors on drought tolerance of the traits evaluated. In addition, the narrow-sense heritability was generally moderate, indicating that genes with dominance and/or epistasis effects may be involved in the expression of drought tolerance. High genotypic correlations for drought tolerance scores between pairs of traits such as branching index and leaf length, leaf petiole diameter and plant height, number of stamens per flower, and fruit pedicel length suggest that drought tolerance of these traits is controlled by genes that are in linkage disequilibrium and/or have pleiotropic effects. The results are relevant for the development of drought-tolerant cultivars of eggplant.Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Grant/Award Number: PAID06-18; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Grant/Award Number: RTI-2018-094592-B-I00; Generalitat Valenciana, Grant/Award Number: APOSTD/2018/014; Global Crop Diversity Trust, Grant/Award Number: GS20001 This work was undertaken as part of the initiative ¿Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: Collecting, Protecting and Preparing Crop Wild Relatives,¿ which is supported by the Government of Norway. The project is managed by the Global Crop Diversity Trust with the Millennium Seed Bank of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and implemented in partnership with national and international gene banks and plant breeding institutes around the world. For further information, see the project website: http://www.cwrdiversity.org/. Funding was also received from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Agencia Estatal de Investigación and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (Grant RTI-2018-094592-B-I00 from MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) and from Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Innovación y Transferencia de la Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (Ayuda a Primeros Proyectos de Investigación; PAID-06-18), Mariola Plazas is grateful to Generalitat Valenciana and Fondo Social Europeo for a postdoctoral contract (APOSTD/2018/014).Kouassi, AB.; Kouassi, KBA.; Sylla, Z.; Plazas Ávila, MDLO.; Fonseka, RM.; Kouassi, A.; Fonseka, H.... (2021). Genetic parameters of drought tolerance for agromorphological traits in eggplant, wild relatives, and interspecific hybrids. Crop Science. 61(1):55-68. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20250556861