Editorial

No Abstrac

Identification and cellular localization of DD-carboxypeptidase-interacting proteins in mycobacterium smegmatis

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Medicine. 2015Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is responsible for approximately 1.5 million deaths worldwide; a pandemic which is further exacerbated by the emergence of multi- and extensively drug resistant strains. The extensive morbidity and mortality associated with TB has brought about an urgent need for new drugs that promise to shorten treatment duration and reduce the daily pill burden. In this context, the mycobacterial cell wall, particularly the peptidoglycan (PG) layer, is a promising source of new drug targets due to the extensive number of bacterial-specific enzymes that are responsible for biosynthesis of this macromolecular component in bacterial cells. PG biosynthesis and cross-linking involves a number of membrane-bound as well as cytoplasmic enzymes, including penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which are the targets for beta-lactam antibiotics. In this study we further elucidate the role of DD-Carboxypeptidases (DD-CPases), a group of low molecular mass PBPs that play a crucial role in the biosynthesis and remodelling of PG in a variety of organisms. These enzymes cleave the terminal D-Alanine residue in PG and are postulated to be involved in preventing the formation of inappropriate cross-links. To identify possible interacting partners for two of the five putative DD-CPases (DacB and MSMEG_2433) in Mycobacterium smegmatis, a full-coverage, representative genomic library was constructed as fusions with the Gal4 DNA binding domain in a yeast two-hybrid vector. The genes encoding dacB and MSMEG_2433 were cloned as fusions with the Gal4 activation domain and these clones were used to screen the library for putative interacting partners. This analysis identified fifteen possible interacting partners in total for these two DD-CPases. DacB interacting proteins included a tetracycline regulator, an acyltransferase, as well as a subunit of the FoF1 ATP synthase. Putative interacting proteins identified for MSMEG_2433 included the same tetracycline regulator that was identified for DacB, a helicase, and PBP1A/1B (PonA2). PonA2 is of particular interest as its identification points to a role for DacB in PG cross-linking. For cellular localization studies, C-terminal fusions with the mCherry; Venus and rsEGFP fluorescent proteins were created for DacB and MSMEG_2433. Fluorescence microscopy revealed weak or diffused signal from the mCherry and Venus fusion proteins, in contrast, the rsEGFP fusion yielded specific, robust signal and was used for further analysis. Localization studies revealed that both DacB and MSMEG_2433 localized to the cell pole either in a mono-polar or bi-polar fashion similar to that observed with other cell division proteins such as Wag31 and ParB. Furthermore, MSMEG_2433 also localized to the septum in some cases. Collectively, the data from this study suggests that DD-CPases may interact with other PG hydrolysing enzymes to exert their function in mycobacteria. Moreover, localization confirms an important role for these enzymes in cell growth and expansion, which occurs at cell poles in mycobacteria

Pengaruh Kecerdasan Logis Matematis Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas VII SMPN 30 Makassar

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh kecerdasan logis matematis terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional. Variabel penelitian  terdiri  dari  variable  bebas yaitu  kecerdasan logis matematis dan variable terikatnya adalah kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika.  Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas VII SMPN 30 Makassar Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 105 orang siswa. Sampel diambil menggunakan simple random sampling sebanyak 55 orang siswa sebagai responden. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dengan instrument berupa tes yang terdiri atas 25 butir soal pilihan ganda untuk mengukur tingkat kecerdasan logis matematis dan untuk tes mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah sebanyak 8 butir soal essay. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi diperoleh nilai Fhitung= 0,433 dan Ftabel(5%) = 0,297, karena Fhitung≥Ftabel, maka H0 ditolak Ini berarti  terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan kecerdasan logis matematis terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VII SMPN 30 Makassar. Adapun besarnya pengaruh kecerdasan logis matematis terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa adalah sebesar 18,75%

Perbandingan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Discovery Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Discovery Learning learning model and  Problem Based Learning learning model on student learning outcomes. This research is a quasi-experimental research conducted on students of class VII SMP Negeri 1 Palopo, which uses two groups of students given different treatments. Experimental group A used Discovery learning model while Experimental group B used Problem Based Learning model. The results showed from data analysis that tvalue 2.03 and  ttable 1.99, with testing criterion of Ha accepted if tvalue > ttable. It was concluded that there is a significant difference between posttest learning results in Experimental Group A that uses Discovery learning model and Experimental Group B that uses Problem Based Learning model. According to average values of both classes, it indicates that Discovery Learning model is more effective on students' learning outcomes than Problem Based Learning model

Construyendo el arte como instrumento de ayuda

Un proyecto de vida en el cual seguimos trabajando, es el arte, las dos sentimos inclinación desde muy pequeñas por la música, aún no sabemos de dónde la heredamos, sin embargo nos encanta tocar y cantar juntas formando parte de coros y orquestas tanto de la institución educativa donde estudiamos cuanto de la Filarmónica Atenas y otros. Karen fue mi inspiración para adentrarme en el fantástico mundo del arte, su carisma y dedicación la llevan a un mundo infinito de emociones que la comparte con quienes la escuchan. Carolina ha sido mi ejemplo en cuanto al canto, su valentía y coraje me llevaron a cantar con ella a dúo, aún pienso cómo una niña tan pequeña e inocente pudo lograr en mí que pierda el miedo, el pánico escénico, alentándome siempre. Pero lamentablemente no todos tenemos esa oportunidad de disfrutar de los placeres de la música, de la alegría que es sentir unas notas al vibrar los sonidos que se apoderan de nuestro ser, transportándonos a un mundo nuevo y desconocido. Por ello, nuestro propósito en este proyecto es ocuparnos de un grupo de personas que por varios años han permanecido en el olvido: los niños yadolescentes con parálisis cerebral,tratando de conseguir que nuestro trabajo, la música, se adapte a ellos y no viceversa. Este proyecto pretende demostrar que existen otras terapias basadas en metodologías, estrategias y actividades que pueden favorecer a las personas con esta discapacidad

Struktur Dan Fungsi Pantun Managua Pada Upacara Pernikahan Di Koto Baru Kecamatan Rao Utara Kabupaten Pasaman

The purpose of this study was to describe the structure, function, and educational values ​​contained in the poem managua on wedding ceremony in New Koto Pasaman District of North Rao. The data of this study is the structure, functions, and values ​​education in managua rhyme. The data source of this research is the primary source of oral sources as spoken directly by the original speaker. Data collected using methods and techniques refer to record and advanced engineering techniques noted as descriptive method. The study's findings are managua rhyme structure consists of the physical structure and inner structure, function managua poem consists of eight of the ten functions rhymes Minangkabau, and educational values ​​managua poem consists of religious education and moral values​

Living on the land: redesigning land use relationships in the Philippi Horticultural Area

Since the mid-1800's the Philippi Horticultural Area (PHA) has been of agricultural significance to Cape Town, producing food for the city. The Area also forms part of the remnant floodplain, and is essential in maintaining the recharge of the Cape Flats Aquifer, an important water source for Cape Town. Conflicting land use agendas are the major threat to resources in the PHA. Besides agriculture, there is an increasing demand on the City of Cape Town to provide housing in close proximity to the city centre. In light of this, re-zoning land in the PHA is being considered. While rezoning will address the demand for housing, it will put even further pressure on the current natural systems and water resources, as well as the historic presence of agriculture in the PHA. A new approach is required using landscape-based urban design to tackle what would usually be a planning predicament. Densification and development could be viable if they do not impact or encroach on the natural systems and agricultural land in the area, but rather help to sustain them. This requires introducing development typologies that work within the existing landscape and reconfiguring urban form to facilitate positive interfaces with both natural and agricultural systems. This project investigates integrating land use and experimentation with landscape and urban morphology as design tools in reconciling agendas, securing the agricultural and water resources in the PHA. The structuring land uses utilised are the urban fabric, agricultural land, natural systems and public open space. These are explored through a combination of geo-spatial mapping, collages, and a series of typologies that interrogate land use relationships in the PHA. Experimentation at multiple scales was used, a smaller area being used as a prototype for the larger area. Property lines significantly inform the framework for development, with consolidation and subdivision being the main tools for intervention. The project will re-organise the PHA in a way that enables mutually supportive land-use relationships, to secure the natural resources and function of the PHA while facilitating necessary development

PERSEPSI SISWA KELAS VI SD INPRES MACCINI 1 MAKASSAR TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN DARING DALAM MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi siswa kelas VI mengenai pembelajaran online dalam mata pelajaran matematika pada masa pandemi. Sampel dipilih melalui cluster random sampling yaitu kelas VIA sebanyak 25 orang siswa . Sampel diberi angket persepsi yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya yang dibuat pada Google Form. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian,  disimpulkan bahwa dari segi kemampuan menggunakan internet terlihat siswa pada umumnya sudah mahir dan menguasai aplikasi yang digunakan selama pembelajaran online yaitu media  whatsapp serta mengetahui cara mencari atau mengakses pelajaran di internet, namun permasalahan signal yang kurang lancar menjadi kendala bagi mayoritas siswa.  Dari segi proses pembelajaran, Siswa pada umumnya menyatakan kesulitan untuk melakukan komunikasi dengan guru apabila pembelajaran dilaksanakan secara online. Siswa lebih menyukai pembelajaran tatap muka sehingga terjadi diskusi langsung antara guru dan siswa. Banyaknya tugas selama pembelajaran online membuat siswa membutuhkan bantuan orang lain agar tugas-tugas yang diberikan guru bisa selesai. Dari segi  dukungan, siswa menyatakan mendapatkan dukungan yang baik dari pemerintah, sekolah maupun orang tua,  mereka memberikan fasilitas yang memadai kepada siswa demi kelancaran pelaksanaan pembelajaran online. Kata Kunci : Persepsi, Siswa, Pembelajaran Online   ABSTRACT This study aims to describe the perceptions of grade VI students regarding online learning in mathematics during the pandemic. The sample was selected through cluster random sampling. The sample is given a perception questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability which is made on Google Form. Based on the results of the study, it was revealed that in terms of ability to use the internet, it was seen that students were generally already proficient and mastered the applications used during online learning, namely WhatsApp media and standby on how to search or access messages on the internet, but the problem of poor signal became a guard for students. In terms of the learning process, students generally find it difficult to communicate with the learning teacher which is carried out online. Students prefer face-to-face learning so that there is direct discussion between teachers and students. The number of tasks during online learning makes students need help from others so that the assignments given by the teacher can be completed. In terms of support, students stated that they received good support from the government, schools and parents, they provided adequate facilities to students for the smooth implementation of online learning. Keywords: Perception, Students, Online Learnin