Pathya Apathya and role of Dinacharya in Nethra Swasthya

The word Chakshu means, that which illuminates the objects and enlightens the mind about its details. It is seated in the two eye balls. When we talk about Pathya and Apathya, the importance of the word Chakshushya is impressed upon. The Pathyas have been explained by different authors in the heading of Chakshushya Vargas and the Apathyas have been explained as Achakshushya. Different Acharyas have also explained about the various daily regimen to be followed for maintaining Nethra Swasthya as Ayurveda gives much importance in maintaining of health and prevention of diseases along with the treatment of diseases. These Dinacharyas can be adopted in our day to day lives to protect the eye from diseases and improve the vision, by implementing improvised techniques tailor-made for day to day activities of present era. The Acharyas have armed us with proper knowledge to prevent and treat life style disorders related to eye diseases through explanation of Pathya Apathya and Dinacharyas which are practices of Kriyakalpas. Most of these practices are not being followed these days which leads to many Nethra Rogas. This can be corrected by reimplementing improvised versions of such practices in our daily life

EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF VRASANA KACCHU - CASE REPORT

Skin is an organ which represents some inner abnormalities and stress conditions within one’s body. Skin is just like a mirror reflection and manifesting various type of inner abnormality or diseased condition. Now a day’s, skin infections are more common in a persons who is having altered life style, lack of physical exercise, unhygienic condition, mental stress, irregular food habits. In Ayurveda, major skin diseases have been classified under the heading of Kustha. Acharya Sushrutha explained Vrsanakacchu under Kshudrarogas, while explaining the Nidanas, he opines that due to lack of hygiene there will be Mala sanchaya in the Vrshana leads to Kandu, Kshipraspota and Sravayukthavyadhi called Vrsanakacchu. In modern science this condition is termed as “Tinea Cruris, but in this present case, symptoms are seen in other places also, so in this condition can also be considered as “Tinea corporis" Inspite of all the advancement in treatment the results in contemporary science are not much beneficial. Here, a case report of 24 years female who approached to OPD of SKAMC,H & RC with chief complaints of dryness, blackish discoloration along with itching and peeling off of the greyish skin in the groin region, upper back, and above the umbilicus since 1 year, was treated with initial line of Bahirparimarjana chikitsa followed by Shodhana chikitsa

ROLE OF PANCHAKARMA IN MYASTHENIA GRAVIS - A CASE STUDY

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a long-term neuromuscular disease that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness. The underlying defect is a decrease in the number of available acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at neuromuscular junctions due to an antibody mediated autoimmune attack. The most commonly affected muscles are those of the eyes, face and swallowing. The cause of this disease can be understood in view of Upahata Dhatu Ushma, Srotas and Marutha respectively. The present observation was conducted with an objective to find out the efficacy of Ayurvedic management in Myasthenia gravis. Here is a case of 50years old Hindu female who was diagnosed as myasthenia gravis (MG) reported with complaining of slurred speech, low pitch of voice, difficulty to open the mouth and to swallow food and weakness in the both upper limbs since 4months was registered in OPD of SKAMCH&RC, Bengaluru. Considering the signs and symptoms patient was treated on the line of Ardita Vata chikitsa, Sarvanga Abhyanga with Moorchita tila taila, Nasya with Yashtimadhu taila, Gandusha with Erimedadi taila, Jihwa nirlekhana with Vacha churna were done. Treatment shows significant improvement in the symptoms without any side effects

Implementation of Ac Power Stand by Switch-Off Outlets using Arduino mega2560

As more and more domestic appliances and consumer electronics are installed, house usage electronic devices tends to grow rapidly. A large number of electronic devices increase power consumption in two features, standby power and normal operation power. These two types of power consumption are proportional to the number of domestic devices. As a result, operational cost in household areas is also increasing. To achieve efficient domestic energy management in addition to the technology of standby power reduction

EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF CHLORIS BARBATA

Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro antiurolithiatic activity of the medicinal plant Chloris barbata.Methods: The crude plant extract was prepared by Soxhlet extraction method.Results: Both Ethanolic and Aqueous extracts showed their maximum efficiencies in the dissolution of calcium oxalate crystals. Ethanolic extract was even more efficient than Aqueous extract in the dissolution of calcium oxalate crystals. Our results have clearly indicated that the Aqueous and Ethanolic leaf extracts of Chlorisbarbata were quite promising for further studies in this regard. In this study, Neeri was used as standard drug.Conclusion: This study has given primary evidence for Chloris barbata as the plant which possess antiurolithiatic property

An evaluation of neuroplasticity and behavior after deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens in an animal model of depression.

BACKGROUND: Recent interest has demonstrated the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) as a potential target for the treatment of depression with deep brain stimulation (DBS). OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that DBS of the NAcc is an effective treatment modality for depression and that chemical and structural changes associated with these behavioral changes are markers of neuroplasticity. METHODS: A deep brain stimulator was placed in the NAcc of male Wistar-Kyoto rats. Groups were divided into sham (no stimulation), intermittent (3 h/d for 2 weeks), or continuous (constant stimulation for 2 weeks). Exploratory and anxietylike behaviors were evaluated with the open-field test before and after stimulation. Tissue samples of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) were processed with Western blot analysis of markers of noradrenergic activity that included the noradrenergic synthesizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. Analysis of tissue levels for catecholamines was achieved with high-performance liquid chromatography. Morphological properties of cortical pyramidal neurons were assessed with Golgi-Cox staining. RESULTS: Subjects undergoing intermittent and continuous stimulation of the NAcc exhibited an increase in exploratory behavior and reduced anxietylike behaviors. Tyrosine hydroxylase expression levels were decreased in the PFC after intermittent and continuous DBS, and dopamine and norepinephrine levels were decreased after continuous stimulation. Golgi-Cox staining indicated that DBS increased the length of apical and basilar dendrites in pyramidal neurons of the PFC. CONCLUSION: Deep brain stimulation induces behavioral improvement in and neurochemical and morphological alterations of the PFC that demonstrate changes within the circuitry of the brain different from the target area of stimulation. This observed dendritic plasticity may underlie the therapeutic efficacy of this treatment

Characterization and Mapping of Halophyte Vegetation Using GIS and Remote Sensing Technique in Kachchh Plane of Gujarat, India

One of the pressures of a burgeoning population is need to increase agricultural production through both irrigated agriculture and the development of land that was previously regarded as marginal. About 8.56 m ha land in India is affected by salt. Out of this, about 1.2 m ha land is in Gujarat which is next to Uttar Pradesh (1.295 m ha). Kachchh, the second largest district of the country, has more than 53% of the total geographical area under Ranns (salt-marshy lands). The soil salinity in this region ranges from 3.2 to 32 EC and sodicity from 8.0 to 10.0 pH. The animal husbandry is the major livelihood option of the people of the Banni grassland of this region having an area of about 625 km2. Halophyte grown under the saline ecosystem is the major wild forage source for the animals feed. However, the animals feed mostly on wild forage halophytes grown under the saline ecosystem. Apart from natural salinity, a significant proportion of recently cultivated agricultural land has become saline owing to faulty irrigation practices; this secondary salinization poses direct loss to the crop production. The commercial agriculture now prevalent in the region exploits ground water heavily and encroaches upon grass lands. Heavy grazing pressure on the vegetation including wild halophytes is direct threat to the valuable natural biodiversity of the region. Very meager information on systematic characterization of vegetation in this region is available (Pandya and Sidha, 1987 and GUIDE, 1998). Halophytes have tolerance mechanisms that include ions compartmentalization, and compatible solutes. However, the mechanisms of salt tolerance in these species are not fully understood and not much work is reported in the literature. Halophytes have great potential either for direct agricultural crops uses in saline areas or for the incorporation of their characteristics into existing crop species. They may be useful for grazing or fodder or as ornamental plants and have recently been advocated as a source of oils

Retrospective study of Ct brain imaging findings indicated for infants at a tertiary care hospital

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of pathologies in children is becoming increasingly popular. The aim: to study findings of referrals for CT scans (Computerised Tomography) of the brain in children in the department of Radiology in a developing environment. Materials and methods: retrospective imaging observational study was done in a 1000 bedded tertiary care hospital in South India in the year 2022 from April to August for 5 months under 16 slice CT scan. Cases are referred from the department of Pediatrics to the department of Radiology as part of the routine clinical evaluation and treatment protocol. Results: Our sample includes 100 infants; after exclusion criteria total of 60 infants' brain CTs were taken into account, and analysed their imaging from radiology department records. Of 60 cases, 18 (30 %) showed HIE Pattern, and 42 (70 %) had normal plain CT Brain findings. However, due to clinical signs and symptoms, they are evaluated under сontrast CT imaging (after checking creatinine levels), showing 20 cases (33.3 %) are standard, 10 cases (16.6 %) show meningitis, and 2 cases (3.3 %) show SOL. Out of 18 cases of HIE, 10 cases (16.6 %) are under less than 6 months and they undergone neuro sonogram showing 4 cases (6.6 %) normal NSG, 2 cases (3.3 %) showing grade IV HIE, another 2 cases (3.3 %) showing grade II, III HIE Findings. Conclusions: Our study concluded that plain CT brain showed normal in the majority of the cases which came to the department of Radiology after admission to the hospital. Those cases with strong clinical history are evaluated with contrast CT and evaluated the findings. After contrast imaging, most cases showing their infective, obstructive, and other causes of illness are interpreted. However, its role is minimal for seizures in which CT/CECT shows normal study. Under 6 months, NSG is a suitable method for evaluating and screening the infant's brain

Self-adjuvanting therapeutic peptide-based vaccine induce CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in a murine human papillomavirus tumor model

Vaccine candidatesfor the treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers areaimed to activate T-cells and induce development of cytotoxic anti-tumor specific responses. Peptide epitopes derived from HPV-16 E7 oncogenic proteinhave been identified as promising antigens for vaccine development. However, peptide-based antigens alone elicit poor cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses and need to be formulated with an adjuvant (immunostimulant) to achieve the desired immune responses. We have reported the ability of polyacrylate 4-arm star-polymer (S4) conjugated with HPV-16 E744-57 (8Qmin) epitope to reduce and eradicate TC-1 tumor in the mouse model. Herein, we have studied the mechanism of induction of immune responses by this polymer-peptide conjugate and found prompt uptake of conjugate by antigen presenting cells, stimulating stronger CD8+ rather than CD4+ or NK cell responses

Synthetic analogues of the parasitic worm product ES-62 reduce disease development in in vivo models of lung fibrosis

Parasitic worms are receiving much attention as a potential new therapeutic approach to treating autoimmune and allergic conditions but concerns remain regarding their safety. As an alternative strategy, we have focused on the use of defined parasitic worm products and recently taken this one step further by designing drug-like small molecule analogues of one such product, ES-62, which is anti-inflammatory by virtue of covalently attached phosphorylcholine moieties. Previously, we have shown that ES-62 mimics are efficacious in protecting against disease in mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and skin and lung allergy. Given the potential role of chronic inflammation in fibrosis, in the present study we have focused our attention on lung fibrosis, a debilitating condition for which there is no cure and which in spite of treatment slowly gets worse over time. Two mouse models of fibrosis - bleomycin-induced and LPS-induced - in which roles for inflammation have been implicated were adopted. Four ES-62 analogues were tested - 11a and 12b, previously shown to be active in mouse models of allergic and autoimmune disease and 16b and AIK-29/62 both of which are structurally related to 11a. All four compounds were found to significantly reduce disease development in both fibrosis models, as shown by histopathological analysis of lung tissue, indicating their potential as treatments for this condition