Impact of dose and storage duration of platelet concentrates on platelet recovery between ABO identical and ABO non-identical random donor platelet transfusions in hemato-oncology patients

Introduction and objectives: It is challenging to adopt a policy of ABO identical platelet transfusion in hemato-oncological patients because of the high demand. Moreover, there are no global standards for the management of ABO non-identical platelet transfusions due to limited evidence. The current study compared the impact of dose and storage duration of platelets on percent platelet recovery (PPR) at 1 h and 24 h between ABO identical and ABO non-identical platelet transfusions in hemato-oncological conditions. The other objectives were to assess the clinical efficacy and compare adverse reactions between the two groups. Methods: A total of 130 random donor platelet transfusion episodes (81 ABO identical and 49 ABO non-identical) were evaluated in 60 eligible patients with different malignant, as well as non–malignant, hematological conditions. All analysis was performed using two-sided tests, and p-values <0.05 were considered significant. Results: The PPR at 1 h and 24 h was significantly higher in ABO identical platelet transfusion. Platelet recovery and survival were not affected by the gender, dose or storage duration of platelet concentrate. Aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) disease conditions were observed to be independent risk predictors for 1-h post-transfusion refractoriness. Conclusion: ABO identical platelets have higher platelet recovery and survival. Both ABO identical and ABO non-identical platelet transfusions have similar efficacy in controlling bleeding episodes up to World Health Organization (WHO) grade two. Assessment of other factors, such as platelet functional properties in the donor, anti-HLA and anti-HPA antibodies, may be needed to better understand the platelet efficacy of platelet transfusions

Formation of L10_0 Ordering in FeNi by Mechanical Alloying and Field-Assisted Heat Treatment: Synchrotron XRD Studies

L10-ordered FeNi, tetrataenite, found naturally in meteorites is a predilection for next-generation rare-earth free permanent magnetic materials. However, the synthesis of this phase remains unattainable in an industrially relevant time frame due to the sluggish diffusion of Fe and Ni near the order–disorder temperature (593 K) of L1$_0$ FeNi. The present work describes the synthesis of ordered L1$_0$ FeNi from elemental Fe and Ni powders by mechanical alloying up to 12 h and subsequent heat treatment at 623 K for 1000 h without a magnetic field and for 4 h in the presence of 1.5 T magnetic field. Also, to address the ambiguity of L1$_0$ phase identification caused by the low difference in the X-ray scattering factor of Fe and Ni, synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction is employed, which reveals that 6 h milling is sufficient to induce L1$_0$ FeNi formation. Further milling for 12 h is done to achieve a chemically homogeneous powder. The phase fraction of L1$_0$-ordered FeNi is quantified to ∼9 wt % for 12 h milled FeNi, which increases to ∼15 wt % after heat treatment. Heat treatment of the milled powder in a magnetic field increases the long-range order parameter (S) from 0.18 to 0.30. Further, the study of magnetic properties reveals a decrease in magnetic saturation and a slight increase in coercivity with the increase in milling duration. At the same time, heat treatment in the magnetic field shows a considerable increase in coercivity

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Chemical Shift Imaging to Differentiate Benign and Malignant Vertebral Lesion: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and chemical shift imaging (CSI) for the differentiation of benign and malignant vertebral lesions