"Cookbook Method" and koine-formation: a case of the karafuto dialect in sakhalin

This paper considers the direction of the linguistic change in a Japanese regional koine with a new method, called ‘cookbook method.’ Accentuation patterns of the two mora nouns have been focused for the analyses. Following the idea of the ‘cookbook method,’ two speakers have been chosen for the analyses in order to elucidate the language change on the real-time framework. Based on the finding of the survey conducted in 1938, a comparison has been made with a data collected in 2008 to examine to what extent the linguistic change in this particular aspect of Karafuto dialect occurred. Result shows that no systematic change occur in the two speakers. The reason why the drastic change did not occur in the particular speakers has been discussed in relation to the sociolinguistic settings in the post-war period

A new sociolinguistic taxonomy, ‘cookbook’, and immigrant communities

This paper proposes a sociolinguistic taxonomy, called ‘cookbook,’Članek obravnava sociolingvistično taksonomijo, imenovano ‘kuharska knjiga’, ki je bila izvedena na podlagi njenega dobesednega pomena in njene rabe v laboratoriju. ‘Kuharska knjiga’ poskuša hkrati kategorizirati govorca na mikro- in družbo na makroravni. To nam omogoča podajanje natančnejšega sociolingvističnega opisa dane skupnosti. Za prikaz, kako lahko ‘kuharska knjiga’ pojasni jezikovne variacije, sta predstavljena primera dveh študij – študija novega mesta in študija diaspore. which aims to account for highly diverse communities. The definition of this ‘cookbook’ was derived based on its literal meaning, its usage in laboratory situations. ‘Cookbook’ aims to categorise both the speaker at a micro level and society at a macro level at the same time. This will enable us to render more accurate sociolinguistic descriptions in a given community. As examples, two case studies (new town study and diaspora study) are introduced to show how ‘cookbook’ can explain the attested linguistic variation

A Japanese Contact Variety in the North: Evidence from Sakhalin Island in Russia

A number of sociolinguistic studies have been conducted to render detailed descriptions of dialect contact phenomenon. One of the major notions in dialect contact studies, according to Trudgill (1986), is dialect transplantation. A dialect transplantation situation occurs when a language variety is "transplanted" into another area with a certain number of the language speakers and with a certain period of their residence. This paper studies one of the former colonies of Japan, Sakhalin, and discusses the status of the Japanese language over the course of the history of Sakhalin

Nova sociolingvistična taksonomija, \u27kuharska knjiga\u27 in emigrantske skupnosti

This paper proposes a sociolinguistic taxonomy, called ‘cookbook,’ which aims to account for highly diverse communities. The definition of this ‘cookbook’ was derived based on its literal meaning, its usage in laboratory situations. ‘Cookbook’ aims to categorise both the speaker at a micro level and society at a macro level at the same time. This will enable us to render more accurate sociolinguistic descriptions in a given community. As examples, two case studies (new town study and diaspora study) are introduced to show how ‘cookbook’ can explain the attested linguistic variation.Članek obravnava sociolingvistično taksonomijo, imenovano ‘kuharska knjiga’, ki je bila izvedena na podlagi njenega dobesednega pomena in njene rabe v laboratoriju. ‘Kuharska knjiga’ poskuša hkrati kategorizirati govorca na mikro- in družbo na makroravni. To nam omogoča podajanje natančnejšega sociolingvističnega opisa dane skupnosti. Za prikaz, kako lahko ‘kuharska knjiga’ pojasni jezikovne variacije, sta predstavljena primera dveh študij – študija novega mesta in študija diaspore

〈共同研究プロジェクト紹介〉独創・発展型 : 接触方言学による「言語変容類型論」の構築 言語変容の類型化に向けて

国立国語研究所時空間変異研究系本稿では,独創・発展型共同研究プロジェクト「接触方言学による『言語変容類型論』の構築」で企画・実施された調査研究の成果を紹介した。最初に,研究目的と実施された調査の設計を述べた。その後,研究期間中に実施された様々な調査のうち,北海道札幌市と釧路市で実施された実時間調査と愛知県岡崎市で実施された敬語と敬語意識調査で取り扱われた「道教え」場面調査の調査結果,ならびに国内4地点における空間参照枠に関する調査結果を取り上げた。また「言語変容類型論」構築の試案を提示し,その提示の方法,試案の有用性,反省点,今後の当該分野に関する展望を行った。This paper reports the outcomes of my project, \u27Contact Dialectology and Sociolinguistic Typology.\u27 After a brief description of my research goal and survey designs, I explain the results of two surveys. In the first, a quantitative real-time survey in Sapporo and Kushiro, I investigated the use of sibareru (\u27freezing\u27) and the corresponding Tokyo Japanese form samui. In the second, I focused on the discourse of giving directions, with a close look at the use of deixis and spatial frame of reference. Based on the results, I propose a tentative framework for sociolinguistic typology and offer an assessment of it. Lastly, I consider future prospects for this research topic

Pronoun Usage of Japanese Plantation Immigrants in Hawai\u27i

シンガポール国立大学国立国語研究所 時空間変異研究系National University of SingaporeDepartment of Language Change and Variation, NINJAL本稿はオーラルヒストリー・データとしてハワイ大学マノア校に録音保存されていた資料を活用し,ハワイ日系移民コミュニティにおける方言接触の様相を人称詞の使用状況に着目して考察する。録音資料はおおむね明治中期から後期頃に,主にサトウキビ畑労働者として日本各地からハワイに移住した移民一世の男女の談話文(年をとってからのインタビューで採録)で構成されている。資料中の東北方言域出身者(福島・新潟両県。後発の移民で少数派)と中国方言域出身者(広島・山口両県。最初期の移民で多数派)の日本語表現を分析したところ,東北方言域出身者にも「ワシ,ワシら」など中国方言の人称詞使用のありかたが広まっていることが明らかになった。また,東北・中国の出身地を問わず,日系人の間では英語の借用語「ミー,ユー」が多用されていることも認められた。A large number of Japanese immigrants arrived in Hawai\u27i to work on sugar plantations after the Meiji Restoration, with Chugoku dialect speakers from Hiroshima and Yamaguchi being both the largest group and the earliest arrivals. There were also Tohoku dialect speakers from Fukushima and northern Niigata, but they arrived later and were a small minority compared to the Chugoku dialect speakers. This study reports on language change among these Tohoku speakers, focusing on pronoun usage. The data, which come from oral history recordings made by first-generation Japanese immigrants when they were elderly, show that the Tohoku dialect speakers\u27 pronoun usage was influenced by the Chugoku dialect