Effects of organic fertilisers and compost extracts on organic tomato production

The effects of various fertilizers and different compost extracts on crop health and tomato yield were studied in the field in 2004–2005 in two locations in Iran. Treatments included different fertilizers (cattle, sheep and chicken manures, green waste and household composts and chemical fertilizers) and five aqueous extracts (from cattle manure, chicken manure, green-waste and house-hold composts and water as control). The effect of fertilizer type on tomato yield was significant in both locations (P < 0.05). Organic fertilizer use did not obtain higher yields compared to using chemical fertiliser. Generally, chicken manure and green-waste compost led to the highest and lowest tomato yield among different organic fertilizers, respectively. The effect of aqueous extracts was not significant on either crop health or tomato yield with these results were being very limited and inconsistent. Improved efficacy of acceptable alternatives to agrochemicals, especially in organic farming, is required

Development and Characterization of F2 Population for Molecular Mapping of Aluminum-Toxicity Tolerant QTL in Soybean

Keracunan aluminium merupakan salah satukendala utama dalam budidaya kedelai pada lahan masam.Pembentukan populasi F2 merupakan langkah awal yangmenentukan keberhasilan program pemuliaan tanaman. Tujuanpenelitian ini untuk membentuk dan mengkarakterisasipopulasi F2 hasil persilangan tetua toleran dan tetua pekakeracunan Al. Pembentukan populasi dilakukan menggunakanbantuan marka SSR. Dengan marka SSR populasi dapatdibentuk dengan cepat, akurat, dan efisien. Skrining genotipakedelai pada tanah masam kahat hara menghasilkan duagenotipa toleran dan dua peka. Empat persilangan tunggaldibuat untuk mendapatkan benih F1. Tanaman F1 dan F2 diidentifikasimenggunakam marka SSR Satt_070. Dua populasi(B3462 X B3293 dan B3462 X B3442) dipilih berdasarkansuperiotas fenotipa pada lahan masam dan karakteristik molekulerpasangan tetua. Karakterisasi kedua populasi di lapangmenunjukkan transgresiveness luas untuk karakter reproduksiseperti jumlah polong dan berat 100 biji. Ini mengindikasikanbahwa karakter penting lain selain karakter ketahananterhadap keracunan Al potensial untuk dipetakandari populasi ini. Metoda pembentukan populasi ini akan sangatbermanfaat bagi pemulia tanaman khususnya pemuliakedelai untuk meningkatkan efisiensi program pemuliaanketahanan terhadap keracunan Al

Study of embryotoxicity of mentha piperita l. during organogenesis in balb/c mice

Mentha piperita (Labiatae), commonly known as peppermint is a native Iranian herb which is used in folk medicine for various purposes. This study was carried out to reveal the teratogenic effect of Mentha piperita on mice fetuses. In this experimental study, pregnant Balb/c mice divided to four groups. Case group received 600 (treatment I) and 1200 (treatment II) mg/kg/day the hydroalcoholic extract of Mentha piperita during 6-15 of gestational days and one control group received normal saline during GD6-GD15 by gavages and other control group did not receive any matter during 6-15 of gestational days. Mice sacrificed at GD18 and embryos were collected. Macroscopic observation was done by stereomicroscope. 20 fetuses of each group were stained by Alizarin red-S and Alcian blue staining method. The Mean weight of fetuses decreased in treatment groups rather than control (P<0.05) but CRL there was no significant difference between treatments and controls groups. In the treatment I (600 mg/kg/day) and treatment II (1200 mg/kg/day), normal saline and control group, no gross congenital malformations were observed in fetuses. Treated fetuses also had no delayed bone ossification as determined by Alizarin red-S and Alcian blue staining method. This study showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Mentha piperita (600 and 1200 mg/ kg/day) has no teratogenic effect in mice fetuses if used continuously during embryonic period

Hubungan Keseimbangan dengan Kemampuan Bermain Sepak Takraw pada SMPN 3 Galing Kabupaten Samba

The purpose of the study was to determine the magnitude of the relationship problems of balance ability to serve the basic ability to play sepak takraw in students. Identification of the problem the lack of balance on the basis of capability goals playing sepak takraw in a Class 2 student of SMP Negeri 3 Galing Sambas district. Methods using correlational methods. Population Grade Students of SMP Negeri 2 3 Galing totaled 30 students. Determination of the total sample using the technique of free sampling.Variable research: (1) controls the ball for rx1y = 0.592> rt = 0.361 at significant tarap 5%, (2) control of the ball for rx2y = 0.077> rt = 0.361 at significant level of 5%, (3) controls the ball for F count = 15,056 and F tables amounted to = 3.35 at the 5% significance level. the results of this study stated there is a significant relationship between the balance of the sepak takraw skills

Economic Valuation Of Coral Reefs Ecosystem Of Bangsring, Banyuwangi, Indonesia

Coral reefs ecosystem of Bangsring provide both commercial and non-commercial goods and services. Local fishermen rely on reef fisheries while tourism activities have been growing in this area. Seeing that the economic benefits derived from coral reefs are vital to the economies of Bangsring communities, economic valuation of these benefits is necessary to guide sustainable and wise use of these resources and to provide useful information for improved decisions. The research was conducted between June 29and August 9 of 2015 aimed to estimate the total economic value (TEV) of coral reefs of Bangsring, Banyuwangi Regency, included passive use values and direct use values. The research was a participatory case study where primary and secondary data were collected using the purposive sampling technique. The study revealed that the estimated TEV of the coral reefs of Bangsring was IDR 41.6 billion per year or IDR 3.2 billion per hectare per year with tourism contributing 60 % or IDR 25 billion per year of the TEV. The healthy coral reefs of Bangsring support local communities and generate billions of rupiahs annually; therefore, it is critical to manage the coral reefs of Bangsring sustainably for current and future generations

Application of radar and optical satelite imagery data in landslide potential mapping of Shesheer Sub-Catchment in Iran

One of the serious dangers which threatens human communities especially those who are living in mountainous areas is the occurrence of landslides. Therefore, determination of the areas with potential for landslide events is very important for avoiding establishment of residential areas or industrial facilities. The aim of this study is to provide a landslide potential map in Sheshpeer sub-catchment, Iran, using an integration of remote sensing (RS) techniques and geographical information systems (GIS). Compared with the traditional approaches, these techniques are very fast, inexpensive and trustworthy in landslide mapping. For this purpose, we collected and produced seven data layers using GIS and RS, and then Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied for data analysis. Our results showed that among the twelve pervious landslide events in this area, nine of them are located in the regions with very high potentiality and the others are in highly potential regions for landslides occurrence

Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Epilepsy, With or Without Other Chronic Disorders

BACKGROUND: Most people with epilepsy lead a normal emotional and cognitive life, however neurobehavioral problems can be found in a large number of patients. This study evaluates the prevalence of depression and anxiety among patients with epilepsy and determines whether having other chronic somatic illnesses increases the prevalence. METHODS: Adults with epilepsy were recruited in either the inpatient epilepsy monitoring unit or the Outpatient Epilepsy Clinic at Thomas Jefferson University in 2006. Patients anonymously filled out a questionnaire, included data about age, sex, education, having other chronic illnesses, and degree of seizure control. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale was used to define the presence or absence of anxiety and depression. RESULTS: Two hundreds patients participated, with a mean age of 40.3±16 years. Nineteen (9.5%) patients had depression and 49 (24.5%) had anxiety. Age, seizure control, and having other chronic illnesses did not have a significant relationship with either depression or anxiety. Gender was significantly related to anxiety, with females displaying greater frequency of anxiety than males. Depression was inversely related to education. CONCLUSIONS: It is probable that people with higher education use more effective ways to psychologically and physically adapt to their illness

Investigation of spectral characteristics of carbonate rocks – A case study on Posht Moleh Mount in Iran

Recent developments in the image processing approaches and the availability of multi and/or hyper spectral remote sensing data with high spectral, spatial and temporal resolutions have made remote sensing technique of great interest in investigations of geological sciences. One of the biggest advantage of the application of remote sensing in geology is recognizing the type of unknown rocks and minerals. In this study, an investigation on spectral features of carbonate rocks (i.e. calcite, dolomite, and dolomitized calcite) were done in terms of main absorptions, the reasons of those absorptions and comparison of these absorption with Johns Hopkins University (JHU) spectral library and laboratory spectra of Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD) instrument. For this purpose, we used the VNIR and SWIR bands of ASTER and OLI datasets. Finally, we applied the Spectral Analyst Algorithm in order to comparison between the obtained spectra from ASTER dataset and carbonate spectra of JHU spectral library