Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediment of Felent Stream, Sakarya River Basin, Turkey

Abstract.-Many indices have been developed to evaluate the environmental risks of heavy metals in sediments. In the present study, two of these indices were used to determine the sediment quality of a polluted freshwater ecosystem. Sediment samples were collected seasonally from seven stations selected on Felent Stream and the accumulations of some heavy metals (As, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn) in sediment were investigated seasonally. Potential ecological risk analysis (R I ) and biological toxicity test based sediment quality guidelines (mERM-Q) applied to the results to assess the environmental risks of heavy metals in the region (As, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn). According to the results, Köprüören and Yoncalı Villages (F2 and F3 stations) where mining -agricultural sections of the study area were "high -medium priority site" according to mERM-Q and has "moderate ecological risk" according to R I . Kütahya Province and estuary of stream (F6 and F7 stations) where urban sections of the study area had "high -medium priority site" and "medium -low priority site" respectively according to mERM-Q

Lead Accumulations in Biotic and Abiotic Components of Emet Stream, Uluabat Lake Basin, Turkey

Abstract.-Emet Stream is one of Turkey's most important river systems. It is used for purposes such as irrigation water, industrial water supply, receiving environment for domestic and industrial wastes and fishing activities around the regions that the stream passes. The aim of this study is to determine the lead levels both in biotic (fish tissues) and abiotic (water and sediment) components of Emet Stream. Water, sediment and fish samples (Squalius cii, (Richardson, 1857); Capoeta tinca, (Heckel, 1843); Barbus oligolepis, Battalgil, 1941) were collected from eight stations (one of them is on the Kınık Stream and one of them is on the Dursunbey Stream) on the Emet Stream seasonally between the dates of November 2010 -August 2011. According to data, the lowest Pb concentrations of water and sediment were determined in E1 station (0.00307 mg/L and 10.48 mg/kg); the highest Pb concentrations were determined in E4 station for water (0.02503 mg/L) and in E8 station for sediment (48.53 mg/kg). Pb accumulations in biotic and abiotic components of Emet Stream were determined as sediment > fish tissues > water; the Pb accumulations in tissues of S. cii and B. oligolepis follows as, liver > kidney > gill > muscle; in tissues of C. tinca follows as, kidney > liver > gill > muscle respectively and it was also determined that biotic components of system were highly affected by the lead

Multiplex-PCR-based screening and computational modeling of virulence factors and t-cell mediated immunity in helicobacter pylori infections for accurate clinical diagnosis

The outcome of H. pylori infection is closely related with bacteria's virulence factors and host immune response. The association between T cells and H. pylori infection has been identified, but the effects of the nine major H. pylori specific virulence factors; cagA, vacA, oipA, babA, hpaA, napA, dupA, ureA, ureB on T cell response in H. pylori infected patients have not been fully elucidated. We developed a multiplex- PCR assay to detect nine H. pylori virulence genes with in a three PCR reactions. Also, the expression levels of Th1, Th17 and Treg cell specific cytokines and transcription factors were detected by using qRT-PCR assays. Furthermore, a novel expert derived model is developed to identify set of factors and rules that can distinguish the ulcer patients from gastritis patients. Within all virulence factors that we tested, we identified a correlation between the presence of napA virulence gene and ulcer disease as a first data. Additionally, a positive correlation between the H. pylori dupA virulence factor and IFN-γ, and H. pylori babA virulence factor and IL-17 was detected in gastritis and ulcer patients respectively. By using computer-based models, clinical outcomes of a patients infected with H. pylori can be predicted by screening the patient's H. pylori vacA m1/m2, ureA and cagA status and IFN-γ (Th1), IL-17 (Th17), and FOXP3 (Treg) expression levels. Herein, we report, for the first time, the relationship between H. pylori virulence factors and host immune responses for diagnostic prediction of gastric diseases using computer—based models

High prevalence of NDM metallo-β-lactamase among ESBL-producing Escherichia coli İsolates

Resistance to β-lactams in Enterobacteriaceae has been increasing worldwide. This study aimed to determine the frequency of β-lactamase genes and antibiotic resistance rates of 140 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates obtained from urinary tract infection in Ordu Province, Turkey. Isolates were identified by classic methods and by automated system. ESBL production was confirmed by double disk synergy test and antimicrobial susceptibility was investigated by disk diffusion method. All isolates were screened for β-lactamase coding genes from three groups (A, B, and D) by polymerase chain reaction. The highest rate of susceptible isolates was observed for imipenem (IPM, 99.3%) and ertapenem (ETP, 97.9%), and the highest rate of resistant isolates was observed for cefuroxime (97.9%), ceftriaxone (97.2%), and cefazolin (90.7%). In our study, blaCTX-M1-like group was the most prevalent β-lactamase (n = 109), followed by blaTEM (n = 68), blaCTX-M2 (n = 22), and blaSHV (n = 2). By contrast to low resistance rate to IPM and ETP, we determined blaNDM in 31 isolates (22.1%). In co-prevalence of blaNDM-1 and ESBL-coding genes, a low carbapenem resistance was determined. We can confirm that blaCTX-M1-types are still the most frequent β-lactamase coding gene in Turkey. Our study showed the highest prevalence of blaNDM-1 metallo-β-lactamase coding gene in ESBL-producing E. coli

Von der Normativität des Kommenden. Bildungstheoretische Überlegungen zu Alterität in dekonstruktiver und postkolonialer Perspektive

After the end of the \u27grand narratives\u27, the classical teleology of history and the scientistic belief in progress, emancipation movements also seem to have gradually lost their belief in a fundamental changeability of the world. Current political discourses are dominated by forecasts of the collapse of systems and linguistic figures such as \u27depoliticisation\u27, \u27post-democracy\u27 and \u27loss of the future\u27. With the focus on deconstructive and postcolonial critique of representation, the article poses the question of regaining the future. Education and Bildung will only have been reacting responsible if they open up the structures, habits and orientations handed down in them to the \u27coming\u27 of the other, foreign, new. In order to make the heterogeneous field of claims of this \u27Come!\u27 readable, Jacques Derrida and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak present reflections that represent an alternative to a resigned belief that society cannot be reconfigured and one therefore has to give in into the status quo. (DIPF/Orig.

Anfeindungen der Differenz. Nation und Geschlecht in der deutschen Migrationsgesellschaft

Der Beitrag geht zunächst auf die politischen Ausgangsbedingungen in den 2000er Jahren und den Einfluss der Kategorie Nation auf die gesellschaftlichen Selbstbilder ein. Der geschlechtertheoretisch anspruchsvolle Begriff der Differenz ist von Anfang an politisiert, weil er sich gegen jede Logik des Eindeutigen wendet. Die Aggression gegen alles, was von dieser Eindeutigkeit abweicht, hat einen starken politischen Ausdruck in der Geschichte des Nationalismus gefunden und wird gegenwärtig reaktualisiert in national-kulturalistischen Grenzziehungen, die als antimuslimische Migrationsfeindlichkeit im gegenwärtigen Europa zutage treten. Frauen mit sichtbarer islamischer Zugehörigkeit werden dabei zu Repräsentantinnen verkörperter Fremdheit gemacht, während der Raum der Differenzen sich längst erweitert hat. Der Text bietet eine kritische Perspektive auf die Kategorie der Nation an und skizziert Elemente eines postnationalen Denkens. Dabei geht es um die Positionierungen des Eigenen und des Fremden, die im Kontext von Migration immer wieder aufs Neue herausgefordert werden. Die Kategorie Geschlecht wird im Zusammenhang mit Migrationsfeindlichkeit für neonationalistische Zwecke benutzt, die aktuell in Form eines Kulturnationalismus auftreten. Nation und Geschlecht werden zu Schauplätzen identitärer Proklamationen gemacht. Dem gilt es auf vielfältige Weise zu widersprechen. (DIPF/Orig.

Doğum şeklinin doğum sonrası depresyon, algılanan sosyal destek ve maternal bağlanma ile ilişkisi

Amaç: Yazında doğum şeklinin, doğum sonrası depresyon ve anne-bebek etkileşimi üzerine etkilerini inceleyen çalışmalarda farklı sonuçlar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı doğum şekli ile doğum sonrası depresyon, algılanan sosyal destek ve maternal bağlanma arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Yöntem: Vajinal doğum yapan 40 kadın ve sezaryen doğum yapan 40 kadın çalışmaya alınmıştır. Depresif belirtilerinin taranmasında Edinburg Doğum Sonrası Depresyon Ölçeği (EDSDÖ), maternal bağlanmanın incelenmesinde Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği (MBÖ) kullanılmıştır. Sosyal destek Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Doğum sonrası depresyon ve algılanan sosyal destek puanları açısından iki grup arasında fark bulunmamıştır. Diğer yandan MBÖ puanları SD yapan kadınlarda anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları doğum şeklinin doğum sonrası depresyon gelişimi üzerine bir etkisinin olmadığını desteklemektedir. Bunun yanında SD'nin maternal bağlanma üzerine olumsuz bir etkisi olabilirObjective: There are contradictory findings in the literature about the effects of delivery type on postpartum depression and mother–infant interaction. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between delivery mode and postpartum depression, perceived social support, and maternal attachment.Method: Forty females, who had vaginal delivery (VD) and 40 females, who had cesarean delivery (CD) were recruited to participate in the study. Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to screen depressive symptoms and Maternal Attachment Scale (MAS) was used to detect maternal attachment. Social support was assessed by using Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS).Results: We found no significant differences in postpartum depression and perceived social support scores between the two groups. On the other hand, MAS scores were significantly lower in CD women.Discussion: Our findings support that delivery mode had no impact on the development of postpartum depression. However CD may have negative effect on maternal attachmen

Metal Contents in Water, Sediment, and Oligochaeta-Chironomidae of Lake Uluabat, a Ramsar Site of Turkey*

Samples of lake water and sediment, and sediment and two dominant zoobenthic taxa (Oligochaeta: Potamothrix hammoniensis and Chironomidae: Chironomus [Camptochironomus] tentans larvae), were collected from 12 stations in Lake Uluabat and examined from the metal level point of view (cadmium, chromium, lead, copper, nickel, and zinc). Our results showed that the occurence of metals in water, sediment, and the two zoobenthic taxa are relatively high. The opinion that supports the results of Lake Uluabat shows that certain species of oligochaetes and chironomids accumulate examined metals several times over compared to their surroundings. Therefore, it is concluded that the oligochaetes and the chironomids are suitable candidates to be used in biomonitoring surveys of Lake Uluabat

Combination of Risperidone and Paroxetine for Inappropriate Sexual Behaviors in an Adolescent with Autism and Mental Retardation

Uygunsuz hiperseksüel davranışlar otizmi olan bireylerde sıklıkla bildirilmesine rağmen, yazında bu davranışların kontrol altına alınması ile ilgili yeterli bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Bu yazıda otistik bozukluğu ve zekâ geriliği olan bir ergen olguda aşırı uygunsuz cinsel davranışların risperidonparoksetin kombinasyonu ile tedavisi sunulmuştur. Otizmi olan kişilerde aşırı cinsel uğraşlar aile ve çevre için stres kaynağı oluşturabilir, bu nedenle uygun tedavi yaklaşımları önemlidir. (Nöropsikiyatri Arflivi 2012; 49: 311-313)Inappropriate hypersexual behaviors have been frequently reported in subjects with autism, however, literature on management of such behaviors in this group is very limited. In this paper, we describe an adolescent with autistic disorder and mental retardation who developed severe inappropriate sexual behaviors and has been treated successfully with risperidone-paroxetine combination. As presence of hypersexual behaviors in individuals with autism is a distressing factor for their family and social environment, appropriate management seems to be essential. (Archives of Neuropsychiatry 2012; 49: 311-313