Accidental injection of lignocaine with adrenaline in subarachnoid space: a case report

Drug errors are very common in medical field especially in anaesthesia where it’s the game of drugs. Here, we are presenting a case in which accidentally we injected lignocaine with adrenaline in place of heavy bupivacaine. Patient was of geriatric age group and posted for lower limb surgery under combined spinal epidural anaesthesia after placement of epidural catheter lumber puncture was done and 3ml of lignocaine with adrenaline was injected. After this patient develop complete sensory, motor blockade with hypotension. Level of block was up to T12 level patient was monitored for signs and symptoms of ransient neurologic syndrome (TNS) and anterior spinal artery syndrome for 24 hours. After 24 hours patient develop no complications and posted for surgery under general anaesthesia.so we have to be very careful about the labelling of drugs

Congenital constriction band syndrome: a case report

Congenital constriction bands are anomalous bands formed during antenatal period that encircle a digit or an extremity in a fetus leading to a wide spectrum of manifestations, ranging from shallow grooves to acrosyndactyly and amputations. It is also associated with skeletal and other birth defects like craniofacial abnormalities, spinal dysraphism, porencephaly, hydrancephaly and visceral body wall malformations. We hereby present one such case which presented to us with below knee amputation of the lower limb and syndactyly

Dokaz gena za toksine i antibiogram izolata bakterije Escherichia coli iz ovčjeg mesa na indijskom tržištu

Isolates (49) of Escherichia coli were isolated from 100 samples of mutton collected from dressed sheep carcasses by excision method. The isolates were typed into 12 different ‘O’ serogroups. The most frequent serovar isolated was O101, followed by O152, O76, O23, O139, O88, O110, O126, O8, O9, O15 and O133; two isolates were untypable while one was rough. All the isolates of Escherichia coli were screened for the presence of VT1, VT2, LT and ST genes by PCR and in vitro antibiotic resistance pattern. Nine (60.0%) and six (40.0%) isolates were found positive for VT1 and VT2 genes, respectively. Five (33.33%) were found positive for both the VT1 and VT2 genes. Four (26.67%) isolates were positive for LT gene, whereas only one (6.67%) isolate was found positive for ST gene. The percentage of isolates resistant to antibacterial agents was recorded as follows: sulphadiazine (93.33%), cephaloridine (80.00%), cephalexin (33.33%), penicillin G, ceftiofur and norfloxacin, carbenicillin and enrofloxacin (26.67% each), and oxytetracycline and amoxycillin (20.00% each).Ukupno je 49 izolata bakterije Escherichia coli bilo izdvojeno iz 100 uzoraka mesa uzetih ekscizijom iz obrađenih ovčjih trupova. Izolati su bili tipizirani i svrstani u 12 različitih seroloških skupina O. Najčešće je bio izdvojen serovar O101, a zatim serovarovi O152, O76, O23, O139, O88, O110, O126, O8, O9, O15 i O133. Dva izolata ostala su netipizirana, a jedan je bio s hrapavim kolonijama. Svi su izolati bili pretraženi lančanom reakcijom polimerazom na prisutnost gena VT1, VT2, LT i ST te im je in vitro određena osjetljivost prema antimikrobnim tvarima. Devet (60,0%) izolata bilo je pozitivno za gen VT1, a šest (40,0%) za VT2. Pet (33,33%) ih je bilo pozitivnih za oba gena, VT1 i VT2. Četiri izolata (26,67%) bila su pozitivna za gen LT, dok je samo jedan (6,67%) bio pozitivan za gen ST. Na sulfadiazin je bilo otporno 93,33% izolata, na cefaloridin 80,00%, na cefaleksin 33,33%, na penicilin G, ceftiofur, norfloksacin, karbenicilin i enrofloksacin 26,67% te na oksitetraciklin i amoksicilin 20,00% izolat

Headband technique of reimplantation of a partially amputed finger: a first reported in literature

Background: Reimplantation of a partially amputee finger is a challenging task especially in resource limited country like India. In most of the scenario it lands in total amputation either due to delay in arrival at operative set up or due to lack of plastic surgery facility. Methods: We developed an innovative approach (1st reported in literature) of “headband technique “of reimplantation of such partially amputee fingers and toes. Partially amputee fingers and toes with viability were selected for the operative treatment and for the study. The study was conducted from January 2020 to 2021 with a follow up period for 6 months at our institution. The innovative suturing technique involved a single stitch at the tip of the pulp and rest on adjacent to nail bed securing the neurovascular structures. The patient was in age group of 9 months to 94 years, mostly traumatic injury, with 40 male and 15 female patients. Patients who reported with fully amputee fingers, black escharotic finger were excluded from the study. Results: To our accomplishment out of 55 operated patients, more than 50 have fully recovered. Conclusions: With this simple technique of reimplantation even doctor at PHC’S can save fingers from getting amputed. Our study is with small number of patients; hence we advocate a larger study for to have conclusive evidence for the same

A review on distribution and importance of wetlands in the perspective of India

Biodiversity is not equally distributed across the world. It depends on the type of various habitats and food availability. In these habitats, wetlands play an import role to increase the biodiversity of the particular area. Many studies have focused on various habitats to conserve biodiversity. However, the wetland studies are very few due to the lack of information on their distribution and importance. The present review focusses on the wetland status and their importance in India. India has vibrant and diverse wetland ecosystems that support immense biodiversity. The wetlands are unique habitats which provide ecological, social and economic values. However, rapid urbanization, industrialization and uncontrolled agricultural practices have pressurized to shrink the wetlands in India. The present paper highlights the wetland habitats in India with their geographical location, distribution, avian species diversity and their significance. The paper also discusses the growing threats like climate change, land-use change and agriculture/ municipal waste to the wetlands and the conservation efforts by Indian government policies, i.e. National Wetland Conservation Programme, National Environmental Policy, and National Plan for conservation of the aquatic ecosystem. In addition, on the basis of previous studies on wetlands,  it is suggested that the role of stakeholders is very much responsible for wetland conservation

Scale modeling of dust capture through a flooded-bed dust scrubber integrated within a longwall shearer

Meeting federal dust standards at a longwall mine face is among the more difficult challenges for a longwall mine operator. With recent changes in federal dust regulations requiring lower worker exposure, maintaining compliance has become increasingly difficult. The authors recommend the concept of controlling respirable and float dust, which is inherent in longwall mining, through the application of a flooded-bed dust scrubber to a longwall shearer. A full-scale physical model of a longwall shearer, modified with an integrated flooded-bed scrubber, was designed and fabricated at the University of Kentucky to measure the effects of a flooded-bed scrubber on dust capture at a longwall face. The mockup was transported, assembled, and tested in the longwall dust gallery at the Pittsburgh Research Laboratory of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Test results indicated a dust reduction of up to 57% in the return airway of the longwall gallery. The test results were validated with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling with a maximum of 9.7% difference in results. The aim of the study was to test the flooded-bed scrubber concept with a longwall shearer on a half-scale model using the CFD modeling technique. The paper discusses the validation of the developed scaling laws through the results of CFD modeling on the full-scale porotype and half-scale model

Concentration and characterization of microalgae proteins from Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Background: Many methods are available for the concentration of proteins; however, most are not easily scalable due to costs, the need of specialized instruments and skilled workers or are very time-consuming. Three-phase partitioning (TPP) is a separation technique that has gained a lot of interest due to its rapid, simple and scalable use for concentration, isolation and decontamination of proteins from crude samples with high recovery yields. In the present work, the effect of various parameters of TPP was evaluated to optimize the concentration of proteins from Chlorella pyrenoidosa (CP), is green algae that increasingly being used as food supplements because of its positive impacts on human health. Results: Chlorella pyrenoidosa was cultivated in a closed system under controlled conditions. After reaching maximum growth, the microalgae was harvested, dried and powdered. Afterwards, TPP of CP cell lysate was done to concentrate protein content. To maximize protein concentration, various parameters were optimized such as solvent (t-butanol), ammonium sulphate concentration (40 % w/v), solid load (0.75 g/20 mL), pH (6), incubation time (20 min), slurry to butanol ratio (1:1.5) and enzymatic treatment (combination of Stargen™ and Carezyme™). Also, total starch, cellulose and carbohydrate content before and after the enzymatic treatment were determined to comprehend the impact of enzymatic treatment on protein concentration. Using these optimized parameters, 78.1 % w/w protein concentration was obtained in middle protein concentrate phase. This protein concentrate was characterizedfor proximate composition, colour analysis, water holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, foaming capacity, foam stability, amino acid composition, protein quality and thermal properties. Conclusion: Various process parameters of TPP influence the protein concentration of middle protein concentrate phase. Enzymatically treated biomass also enhanced protein concentration in middle protein concentrate phase. Characterization of protein concentrate revealed the presence high-quality protein. Therefore, it is possible to implement TPP at an industrial scale for protein concentration.Fil: Waghmare, Ashish G.. Institute of Chemical Technology. Food Engineering and Technology Department; IndiaFil: Salve, Manoj K.. Institute of Chemical Technology. Food Engineering and Technology Department; IndiaFil: Leblanc, Jean Guy Joseph. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Arya, Shalini S.. Institute of Chemical Technology. Food Engineering and Technology Department; Indi

Study of the bronchoscopic evaluation of patients undergoing bronchoscopy in respiratory medicine department

Background: Bronchoalveolar lavage or BAL is a minimally invasive procedure that involves instillation of sterile normal saline into a subsegment of the lung, followed by suction and collection of the instillation for analysis. This procedure is typically facilitated by the introduction of a flexible bronchoscope into a sub-segment of the lung. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathological variations in the tracheobronchial tree in various respiratory diseases. Methods: The study evaluated the bronchoscopic profile of 150 patients who underwent flexible bronchoscopy in the respiratory medicine department of MGM Medical College in Aurangabad, India from October 2020 to September 2022. Results: The majority of the patients were males (65%) and above the age of 50. The most common reason for bronchoscopy was radiological opacity (80% of cases), followed by diffuse pulmonary infiltration (10%). The study found that bronchoscopy was useful in obtaining samples for diagnosis of various respiratory diseases, including malignancies, tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia, and hematological malignancies. The study also noted the therapeutic utility of bronchoscopy in managing inoperable stenosis of the central airways. Conclusions: The authors concluded that bronchoscopy is an important diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the management of pulmonary diseases

Scale and numerical modeling to determine operating points of a non-clogging Vortecone filter in mining operation

Numerical and scale modeling studies of Vortecone, a pressure-driven wet-scrubber device for the efficient capture of over-sprayed paint in the automobile industry, are presented. In this manuscript, Vortecone was tested for removing dust particles from underground mining operations. The pressures required to operate Vortecone and the airflow rates through the Vortecone are the two most important factors for mine ventilation systems. This study used dry, no-particle conditions to obtain relationship between these two parameters and then designed a Vortecone filter ventilation system for mining operations. Commercial software, SC/Flow, was used to generate the CFD model with unstructured meshes and a series of numerical calculations were accomplished. Included in these were calculation of a 1/3rd scale model of Vortecone along with experimentation that was accomplished to validate the numerical predictions. The experiments were conducted to measure pressure drops for known airflow velocities at critical points within Vortecone. The scale model experimental results agreed very well with the CFD numerical calculations. For scaling the performance of the 1/3rd scale model to full scale, the scaling laws were developed using the law approach; they are discussed along with the feasibility of the Vortecone filter system for underground mining operations

Prevalence of obstructive airway disease in pulmonary function tests of patients visiting respiratory medicine out patient department

Background: The recognition of obstructive airway disease as a public health problem, however, has failed to keep pace with its increasing impact on health-care resources. This study is conducted to evaluate the prevalence of obstructive airway disease in pulmonary function tests (PFT) of patients visiting respiratory medicine out patient department (OPD). Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients from October 2020 to September 2022 (2 years), on 80 subjects reporting to respiratory medicine OPD, MGM medical college, Aurangabad. Data collected from 80 subjects who were diagnosed with obstructive airway disease in PFT. Results: The study population had a COPD prevalence of 16 (19.7%). GOLD criterion revealed that 54.2% (9/16) of COPD patients had mild COPD. This research showed no evidence of very severe COPD. In terms of gender distribution, 8 (16.6%) of 46 males and 7 (19.5%) of 34 women had COPD. However, there was no statistically significant (p=0.167) difference in COPD prevalence between sexes. Furthermore, univariable analysis revealed no significant differences in marital status (p=0.836), co-morbidities (p=0.541), family size (p=0.535), educational status (p=0.827), employment status (p=0.643), and medical visits (p=0.366) between persons with and without COPD. Conclusions: According to the findings of this research, the variables that increase a person's likelihood of developing COPD are as follows: advancing age, prolonged exposure to smoke from biomass burning, tobacco use, and inadequate ventilation in the kitchen