Study on Serum Magnesium Levels in Diabetic patients with Microvascular Complications

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic and endocrine disease characterized by hyperglycemia associated with both insulin resistance and defective insulin secretion Hypomagnesemia has been reported to occur at an increased frequency among patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus compared with their counterparts without diabetes. Excessive urinary magnesium loss associated with glycosuria is probably the most important factor in the genesis of hypomagnesemia in diabetic. Previous studies have shown that Diabetes mellitus’s association with disturbed magnesium metabolism. In this study serum magnesium levels of diabetic patients are estimated and correlated with duration,microvascular complicatios and variables like age, sex, smoking, etc. This study was carried out in Department of General Medicine at Government Stanley Medical College and Hospital , Chennai during the period between March 2016 and August 2016. This study was ethically approved by the Ethical Committee of Government Stanley Medical College, Chennai.This study is a case control study, enrolling 100 diabetic patients ; 50 Cases with diabetic microvascular complications and 50 selected from those who visited hypertension clinic and those who were admitted in wards during the study period. This study concluded the association of hypomagnesemia and diabetes. This study also concluded that there was a significant negative correlation noted between serum magnesium levels and duration of diabetes. This study also found out strong association between hypomagnesemia and diabetic neuropathy.There was no significant correlation between hypomagnesemia and other microvascular complications

Study on awareness of human papillomavirus vaccine

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in India. Despite the various interventions, prevention is always better than cure. vaccination is the most effective way of preventing it. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice related to HPV vaccination among adolescents and reproductive age women.Methods: The data collected were used for the study. It was a community based cross sectional study involving 201 women as study participants who attended the obstetrics and gynecology department of Saveetha Medical College Hospital during the period of January 2022-March 2022 using a pretested, semi structured questionnaire tool.Results: Among the study population, 64.7% had knowledge about cervical cancer and 62.2% knew about vaccines and their effects. More than 60% of the study population were willing to get vaccinated.Conclusions: As a primordial prevention, we should create awareness among young population to get vaccinated against HPV, and sexually active women to take pap smear. This will prevent the incidence of cervical cancer in India

Ergonomic Chair Design For Thermal Comfort Using Phase Change Materials

The metabolism process of humanoids is well designed for emitting the heat constantly. But no heat transfer phenomena occur from the spinal side of the body in sitting posture. The proper heat transfer is arrested in the sitting posture; this makes the human to feel discomfort. The bus drivers are the main victims who face this problem every day and cause of the disease called “hemorrhoid”. This project mainly focused to modify and construct a convenient chilled cushion chair with jam-backed Phase Change Material (PCM) to overcome such problems. This chair absorbs body heat when occupied and discharges while vacant. The stages when liquid change to solid and solid change to liquid occurs nearly by a constant temperature. The chair provides a cooling effect and also a cushioning effect to the occupier. The PCMs are having large latent heat and provide a cooling effect by maintaining nearly by constant temperature to the human body.  The jam-backed chilled cushion chair is invented for improved thermal comfort for the driver for some extended time by the proper temperature that acceptable level of the human. The performance tests are carried out to evaluate the working of the pad

A REVIEW ON NATURAL COMPOSITES

Natural fibers have attracted the interest to engineers, researchers, professionals and scientists all over the world as an alternative reinforcement, because of its superior properties such as high specific strength, low weight, low cost, fairly good mechanical properties, non abrasive, eco-friendly and bio-degradable characteristics. A brief review has been carried out to make use of the natural fibers (such as abaca, jute, cotton, coir, Glass fiber etc) abundantly available in India. This paper presents a review on the mechanical properties of Abaca, Jute, Glass fibre

Source localization in shallow ocean using a vertical array of acoustic vector sensors

This paper introduces a new approach to 3D localisation of a narrowband acoustic source in a shallow ocean using acoustic vector sensors (AVS). Assuming a horizontally stratified and range-independent model of the ocean, it is shown that the azimuth of the source can be determined from the estimates of the horizontal components of the acoustic intensity vector obtained from the measurements of an AVS. The range and depth of the source could then be estimated through a 2D search to match the computed complex acoustic intensity vector expressed as a function of these parameters with its estimate obtained from the AVS measurements. However the search in range is computationally intensive as the range parameter is unbounded. We propose an alternative approach employing a vertical array of AVS, based on eigen-decomposition of the spatial correlation matrix of the data vector, leading to a closed form solution for the range parameter. The source depth is then estimated through a 1D search of this bounded parameter

Impact of Watermelon bud necrosis virus (WBNV) infected plants on the volatile emission pattern in cowpea plants

Pathogens, including tospoviruses, are known to manipulate the behaviour of vectors after virus acquisition by plants to enhance virus transmission. Furthermore, as recently proven in the maize chlorotic mottle virus pathosystem, the vector's choice for virus-infected plants can change to a preference for noninfected plants after virus uptake by the vector. A similar trend was observed in the cowpea - Watermelon Bud Necrosis Virus (WBNV) - Thrips palmi (Karny) pathosystem. Similarly, in the no-choice bioassay, viruliferous T.palmi (carrying WBNV) settled preferentially more on healthy cowpea plants (56%) compared to virus-infected plants (47.3%), whereas non-viruliferous T.palmi settled preferentially more on WBNV infected (58.67%) cowpea plants compared to healthy plants (44%). The changes in preference of thrips towards host plants before and after virus acquisition may be due to the change of volatile cues. This study looked at the headspace volatile composition of healthy and WBNV-infected cowpea plants that attract thrips. Furthermore, the volatile analysis revealed that 1, 2-Propanediamine (0.62%) and Tuaminoheptane (0.55%) from healthy cowpea plants, as well as Tetradecane (0.35%) from WBNV-infected cowpea plants, both have a higher area percent than other volatiles. The amine (53%) and hydrocarbon (69%) groups of volatile organic compounds make up the majority of host volatiles found in healthy and virus-infected plants. The increased contact rates of viruliferous and non-viruliferous T.palmi towards healthy and WBNV-infected host plants could enhance virus transmission if thrips feed on them and acquire the pathogen prior to dispersal and the recorded host volatiles might be useful in vector management in future

Molecular phylogeny of silkmoths reveals the origin of domesticated silkmoth, Bombyx mori from chinese Bombyx mandarina and paternal inheritance of Antheraea proylei mitochondrial DNA

Molecular phylogeny of some of the economically important silkmoths was derived using three mitochondrial genes, 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and COI, and the control region (CR). Maximum likelihood (ML) analyses showed two distinct clades, one consisting of moths from Bombycidae family and the other from Saturniidae family. The mitochondrial CR showed length polymorphisms with indels. The ML analyses for complete mitochondrial genome sequences of Bombyx mori (strains Aojuku, C108, Backokjam, and Xiafang), Japanese and Chinese strains of B. mandarina (Japanese mandarina and Chinese mandarina) and, Antheraea pernyi revealed two distinct clades, one comprising of B. mori strains and the other with B. mandarina, and A. pernyi forming an outgroup. Pairwise distances revealed that all of the strains of B. mori studied are closer to Chinese than to Japanese mandarina. Phylogenetic analyses based on whole mitochondrial genome sequences, the finding of a tandem triplication of a 126 bp repeat element only in Japanese mandarina, and chromosome number variation in B. mandarina suggest that B. mori must have shared its recent common ancestor with Chinese mandarina. Another wild species of the Bombycidae family, Theophila religiosa, whose phylogenetic status was not clear, clustered together with the other bombycid moths in the study. Analysis of the interspecific hybrid, A. proylei gave evidence for paternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA

Microsatellite markers for the Indian golden silkmoth, Antheraea assama (Saturniidae: Lepidoptera)

Antheraea assama, an economically important and scientifically unexplored Indian wild silkmoth, is unique among saturniid moths. For this species, a total of 87 microsatellite markers was derived from 35 000 expressed sequence tags and a microsatellite-enriched sub-genomic library. Forty individuals collected from Tura and West Garo Hills region of Northeast India were screened for each of these loci. Ten loci from expressed sequence tags and one from genomic library were found to be polymorphic. These microsatellite markers will be useful resources for population genetic studies of A. assama and other closely related species of saturniids. This is the first report on development of microsatellite markers for any saturniid species