Analytical method development and validation for simultaneous estimation of mefloquine hydrochloride and artemether in bulk drug by simultaneous equation method

The purpose of the research is to establish a fast, accurate, precise, and low-cost UV-Visible spectrophotometry method for the quantitative simultaneous estimation of mefloquine hydrochloride and artemether in bulk drug. The UV-Visible method employed was a simultaneous equation method. Ethanol was used as a solvent and therefore the absorption maxima (λ max) was found to be 229 nm and 209 nm for mefloquine hydrochloride and artemether. The linearity ranges of both drugs were 1-6 μg/mL and 100 – 350 μg/mL with a regression coefficient r2 ≥ 0.998 respectively. The method was validated for different parameters according to International Conference on Harmonization ICH Q2B guidelines. The average recovery for mefloquine hydrochloride was found to be 100 per cent and artemether 99.3 per cent. The method was also found precise and robust with a per cent relative standard deviation of less than 2. All the parameters result obtained within the limits. Therefore, the proposed method for the accurate quantitation of mefloquine hydrochloride and artemether in the bulk drug was successfully implemented

Study of the clinical spectrum of AUB (FIGO AUB Systems) and women’s attitude towards its management at Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital, Gaya, Bihar, India

Background: AUB has significant impact on quality of life of women related to health specially in developing countries including India. FIGO AUB systems are universally accepted. Aim was to study the clinical spectrum of AUB according to the FIGO AUB systems and women’s attitude towards its management.Methods: Cross sectional prospective study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ANMMCH, Gaya, a tertiary care center, among women of 15-55 years age groups having complain related to abnormal uterine bleeding, for 1 year from 1st May 2019 to 30th April 2020 on 1000 patients. Data was collected and analyzed by percentage and proportions.Results: Prevalence of AUB was maximum among 15-30 years age group of patients (46.80%). Most of the patients belong to lower (62.5%) class, rural area (68%) and were anaemic (62.5%). Ovulatory dysfunction (55%) was most common cause for AUB, maximum patients choose surgical management (hysterectomy) but after counselling, most of them shifted to medical management.Conclusions: This study suggests more conservative approach for management of AUB and emphasizes the importance of awareness for clinical spectrum of AUB among women so that they can be self-motivated for early treatment and unnecessary hysterectomy can be avoided

Synthesis, Characterization and DNA Binding Study of Mixed Ligand Based Metal Complexes

Abstract: Inorganic chemistry can exploit the unique properties of metal ions for biological applications. For instance, clinical application of chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment such as, cisplatin .The use of cisplatin, however, is limited by severe dose limiting toxic side-effects. Transition metal ions, being an essential trace element for human body, have been focused for their versatility with respect to their tunable geometries and properties. This led to tremendous research in the development of new metal based drugs. In the current study we are reporting synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand based metal complexes of cobalt and copper. We have also assessed the DNA binding efficacy and mode of binding of both the complexes

Interface-Induced Spin Polarization in Graphene on Chromia

The induced spin polarization of graphene on Cr2O3 (001) is investigated using density-functional theory (DFT) and model calculations. The magnetic moment in graphene is a proximity effect and can be regarded as a second-order Stoner scenario, and similar mechanisms are likely realized for all graphene systems with an insulating magnetic substrate. In the absence of charge transfer, the magnetic moment would be quadratic in the exchange field, as contrasted to the usually encountered approximately linear dependence. The net magnetization of the graphene is small, of the order of 0.01 μB per atom, but the energy-dependent spin polarization exhibits pronounced peaks that have a disproportionally strong effect on the spin-polarized electron transport and are therefore important for spin-electronics applications

Evaluating air quality and criteria pollutants prediction disparities by data mining along a stretch of urban-rural agglomeration includes coal-mine belts and thermal power plants

Air pollution has become a threat to human life around the world since researchers have demonstrated several effects of air pollution to the environment, climate, and society. The proposed research was organized in terms of National Air Quality Index (NAQI) and air pollutants prediction using data mining algorithms for particular timeframe dataset (01 January 2019, to 01 June 2021) in the industrial eastern coastal state of India. Over half of the study period, concentrations of PM2.5, PM10 and CO were several times higher than the NAQI standard limit. NAQI, in terms of consistency and frequency analysis, revealed that moderate level (ranges 101–200) has the maximum frequency of occurrence (26–158 days), and consistency was 36%–73% throughout the study period. The satisfactory level NAQI (ranges 51–100) frequency occurrence was 4–43 days with a consistency of 13%–67%. Poor to very poor level of air quality was found 13–50 days of the year, with a consistency of 9%–25%. Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Bagged Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) and Bayesian Regularized Neural Networks (BRNN) are the data mining algorithms, that showed higher efficiency for the prediction of PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2 except for CO and O3 at Talcher and CO at Brajrajnagar. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between observed and predicted values of PM2.5 (ranges 12.40–17.90) and correlation coefficient (r) (ranges 0.83–0.92) for training and testing data indicate about slightly better prediction of PM2.5 by RF, SVM, bagged MARS, and BRNN models at Talcher in comparison to PM2.5 RMSE (ranges 13.06–21.66) and r (ranges 0.64–0.91) at Brajrajnagar. However, PM10 (RMSE: 25.80–43.41; r: 0.57–0.90), NO2 (RMSE: 3.00–4.95; r: 0.42–0.88) and SO2 (RMSE: 2.78–5.46; r: 0.31–0.88) at Brajrajnagar are better than PM10 (RMSE: 35.40–55.33; r: 0.68–0.91), NO2 (RMSE: 4.99–9.11; r: 0.48–0.92), and SO2 (RMSE: 4.91–9.47; r: 0.20–0.93) between observed and predicted values of training and testing data at Talcher using RF, SVM, bagged MARS and BRNN models, respectively. Taylor plots demonstrated that these algorithms showed promising accuracy for predicting air quality. The findings will help scientific community and policymakers to understand the distribution of air pollutants to strategize reduction in air pollution and enhance air quality in the study region

Structural disorder and magnetism in the spin-gapless semiconductor CoFeCrAl

Disordered CoFeCrAl and CoFeCrSi0.5Al0.5 alloys have been investigated experimentally and by first-principle calculations. The melt-spun and annealed samples all exhibit Heusler-type superlattice peaks, but the peak intensities indicate a substantial degree of B2-type chemical disorder. Si substitution reduces the degree of this disorder. Our theoretical analysis also considers several types of antisite disorder (Fe-Co, Fe-Cr, Co-Cr) in Y-ordered CoFeCrAl and partial substitution of Si for Al. The substitution transforms the spin-gapless semiconductor CoFeCrAl into a halfmetallic ferrimagnet and increases the half-metallic band gap by 0.12 eV. Compared CoFeCrAl, the moment of CoFeCrSi0.5Al0.5 is predicted to increase from 2.01 μB to 2.50 μB per formula unit, in good agreement with experiment

Spin-modified catalysis

First-principle calculations are used to explore the use of magnetic degrees of freedom in catalysis. We use the Vienna Ab-Initio Simulation Package to investigate both L10-ordered FePt and CoPt bulk materials and perform supercell calculations for FePt nanoclusters containing 43 atoms. As the catalytic activity of transition-metal elements and alloys involves individual d levels, magnetic alloying strongly affects the catalytic performance, because it leads to shifts in the local densities of states and to additional peaks due to magnetic-moment formation. The peak shift persists in nanoparticles but is surface-site specific and therefore depends on cluster size. Our research indicates that small modifications in stoichiometry and cluster size are a useful tool in the search for new catalysts

Effect of hospitalization on rest-activity rhythm and quality of life of cancer patients

549-558Rest-activity rhythm and quality of life (QoL) in three cohorts, namely (1) cancer in-patients, (2) out-patients, and (3) control subjects were studied. The patients of the former two groups  were chosen randomly from the Regional Cancer Center, Raipur, India. All patients received chemotherapy for 3-4 consecutive days. The in-patients remained hospitalized for the entire period of chemotherapy plus one day post treatment. The out-patients, unlike the in-patients, went to their homes daily after treatment. Rest-activity rhythm of the patients was monitored  using Actical. Quality of life (QoL) and psychological status of patients were assessed using EORTC QLQ-C30 and Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale, respectively. Each subject exhibited significant circadian rhythm in rest-activity. The average values for Mesor, amplitude, peak activity, <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">autocorrelation coefficient and dichotomy index of all three groups varied significantly between one group to the other in the following order: in-patient < out-patient < control. Further, quality of life, measured from responses on functional and symptom scales, was better off in cancer out-patients compared to the in-patients. It is concluded that hospitalization alters rest-activity rhythm parameters markedly and deteriorates QoL in cancer patients. Nevertheless, further extensive investigation is desirable to support the above speculation and to ascertain if hospitalization produces similar effects on patients suffering from diseases other than cancer. </span

A Review on Antimalarial 1,2,4-Trioxane Derivatives

Malaria in recent years becomes a major health hitch globally due to the surfacing of multidrug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum parasite. In recent times, artemisinin (ART)-based drugs and combination therapies become the drugs of preference for the treatment and prophylaxis of resistant P. falciparum malaria. Endoperoxide compounds natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic signifying a massive number of antimalarial agents which possess a wide structural miscellany with needed antimalarial effectiveness against resistant P. falciparum malaria. The 1,2,4-trioxane ring system deficient the lactone ring which constitutes the most significant endoperoxide structural scaffold which is believed to be the key pharmacophoric moiety and is principally responsible for the pharmacodynamic potential of endoperoxide-based antimalarials. This becomes the main reason for the research related to endoperoxide particularly 1,2,4-trioxane-, 1,2,4-trioxolane- and 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane-based scaffolds gaining the noteworthy interest in recent years for developing antimalarial drugs against resistant malaria. In this paper, a comprehensive endeavour has been made to review the development of different endoperoxide antimalarial agents and structural diversity of endoperoxide molecules derived from 1,2,4-trioxane- based structural scaffolds. Keywords: Endoperoxide; 1,2,4-trioxane; pharmacophores; artemisinin; antimalarial.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp