5,370 research outputs found
Muons with E_th >= 1 Gev and Mass Composition in the Energy Range 10^{18}-10^{20} ev Observed by Yakutsk Eas Array
The ratio of the muon flux density to charged particle flux density at
distances of 300 and 600 m from the shower axis (\rhom(300)/\rhos(300) and
\rhom(600)/\rhos(600)) is measured. In addition, the energy dependence of
\rhom(1000) is analysed for showers with energies above eV. A
comparison between the experimental data and calculations performed with the
QGSJET model is given for the cases of primary proton, iron nucleus and gamma-
ray. We conclude that the showers with \E\ge3\times10^{18} eV can be formed
by light nuclei with a pronounced fraction of protons and helium nuclei. It is
not excluded however that a small part of showers with energies above
eV could be initiated by primary gamma-rays.Comment: 19th European Cosmic Ray Symposium, Aug 30 - Sep 3 2004, Florence,
Italy. 3 pages, 1 figure. Submitted for publication in International Journal
of Modern Physics
Algebraic Geometry over Free Metabelian Lie Algebra I: U-Algebras and Universal Classes
This paper is the first in a series of three, the aim of which is to lay the
foundations of algebraic geometry over the free metabelian Lie algebra . In
the current paper we introduce the notion of a metabelian Lie -algebra and
establish connections between metabelian Lie -algebras and special matrix
Lie algebras. We define the -localisation of a metabelian Lie
-algebra and the direct module extension of the Fitting's radical of
and show that these algebras lie in the universal closure of .Comment: 34 page
Non-trivial stably free modules over crossed products
We consider the class of crossed products of noetherian domains with
universal enveloping algebras of Lie algebras. For algebras from this class we
give a sufficient condition for the existence of projective non-free modules.
This class includes Weyl algebras and universal envelopings of Lie algebras,
for which this question, known as noncommutative Serre's problem, was
extensively studied before. It turns out that the method of lifting of
non-trivial stably free modules from simple Ore extensions can be applied to
crossed products after an appropriate choice of filtration. The motivating
examples of crossed products are provided by the class of RIT algebras,
originating in non-equilibrium physics.Comment: 13 page
Reverberation measurement of the inner radius of the dust torus in NGC 4151 during 2008-2013
We investigate the correlation between infrared (JHKL) and optical (B) fluxes
of the variable nucleus of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151 using partially
published data for the last 6 years (2008-2013.). Here we are using the same
data as in Oknyansky et al. (2014), but include also optical (B) data from Guo
et al. We find that the lag of flux in all the infrared bands is the same, 40
+- 6 days, to within the measurement accuracy. Variability in the J and K bands
is not quite simultaneous, perhaps due to the differing contributions of the
accretion disk in these bands. The lag found for the K band compared with the B
band is not significantly different from earlier values obtained for the period
2000-2007. However, finding approximately the same lags in all IR bands for
2008-2013 differs from previous results at earlier epochs when the lag
increased with increasing wavelength. Examples of almost the same lag in
different IR bands are known for some other active nuclei. In the case of NGC
4151 it appears that the relative lags between the IR bands may be different in
different years. The available data, unfortunately, do not allow us to
investigate a possible change in the lags during the test interval. We discuss
our results in the framework of the standard model where the variable infrared
radiation is mainly due to thermal re-emission from the part of the dusty torus
closest to the central source. There is also a contribution of some IR emission
from the accretion disk, and this contribution increases with decreasing
wavelength. Some cosmological applications of obtained results are discussed.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, 14-th Odessa International Astronomical Gamow
Conference-School Astronomy and beyond: Astrophysics, Cosmology and
Gravitation, Cosmomicrophysics, Radio-astronomy and Astrobiolog
Color Effects Associated with the 1999 Microlensing Brightness Peaks in Gravitationally Lensed Quasar Q2237+0305
Photometry of the Q2237+0305gravitational lens in VRI spectral bands with the
1.5-m telescope of the high-altitude Maidanak observatory in 1995-2000 is
presented. Monitoring of Q2237+0305 in July-October 2000, made at nearly daily
basis, did not reveal rapid (night-to-night and intranight) variations of
brightness of the components during this time period. Rather slow changes of
magnitudes of the components were observed, such as 0.08 mag fading of B and C
components and 0.05 mag brightening of D in R band during July 23 - October 7,
2000. By good luck three nights in 1999 were almost at the time of the strong
brightness peak of image C, and approximately in the middle of the ascending
slope of the image A brightness peak. The C component was the most blue one in
the system in 1998 and 1999, having changed its (V-I) color from 0.56 mag to
0.12 mag since August 1997, while its brightness increased almost 1.2 mag
during this time period. The A component behaved similarly between August 1998
and August 2000, having become 0.47 mag brighter in R, and at the same time,
0.15 mag bluer. A correlation between the color variations and variations of
magnitudes of the components is demonstrated to be significant and reaches
0.75, with a regression line slope of 0.33. A color (V-I) vrs color (V-R) plot
shows the components settled in a cluster, stretched along a line with a slope
of 1.31. Both slopes are noticeably smaller than those expected if a standard
galactic interstellar reddening law were responsible for the differences
between the colors of images and their variations over time. We attribute the
brightness and color changes to microlensing of the quasar's structure, which
we conclude is more compact at shorter wavelengths, as predicted by most quasar
models featuring an energizing central source.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, LaTeX, submitted to A&
Observations of the urban boundary layer in a cold climate city
Cold environment supports a large diversity of local climates. Among them, urban climates in northern cities stand out for their pronounced warm temperature anomaly known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI). UHI in northern cities has been already studies through satellite images and in-situ observations in the urban canopy layer (UCL). Yet, the vertical structure of the urban atmospheric boundary layer (UBL) has not been studied there. This work presents new observations of UBL in Nadym – a sub-Arctic Siberian city. During several intensive observing periods we run simultaneous registration of urban and rural meteorological parameters with unmanned drones, a microwave temperature profiler and a dense network of ground-based sensors. The data analysis reveals details of UHI development in the UCL and UBL, and links together horizontal urban-rural canopy-layer temperature differences, boundary layer stability, and UHI vertical extent. We show that during strong temperature inversions, UBL is less stratified than its rural counterpart, but it still remains very thin and limited in height by a few tens of meters. The observations disclose that the ground-based (50 m – 100 m above ground) temperature inversion is one of the strongest control factors for UHI in cold climate conditions in winter
Ground state instability in systems of strongly interacting fermions
We analyze stability of a fermion system with model repulsive pair
interaction potential. The possibility for different types of restructuring of
the Fermi ground state (at sufficiently great coupling constant) is related to
the analytic properties of such potential. In particular, for the screened
Coulomb law it is shown that the restructuring cannot be of the Fermi
condensation type, known earlier for some exactly solvable models, and instead
it belongs to the class of topological transitions (TT). For this model, a
phase diagram has been built in the variables "screening parameter - coupling
constant" which displays two kinds of TT: a 5/2-kind similar to the known
Lifshitz transitions in metals, and a 2-kind characteristic for a uniform
strongly interacting system.Comment: The article has 11 pages, in Latex 2e (from Lyx), 3 eps figures or a
ps fil
Anomalous asymmetry of magnetoresistance in NbSe single crystals
A pronounced asymmetry of magnetoresistance with respect to the magnetic
field direction is observed for NbSe crystals placed in a magnetic field
perpendicular to their conducting planes. It is shown that the effect persists
in a wide temperature range and manifests itself starting from a certain
magnetic induction value , which at K corresponds to the
transition to the quantum limit, i.to the state where the Landay level
splitting exceeds the temperature.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, to be appeared in JETP Let
Soviet Leaders in Western Media Space
The results of the analysis of the USSR image in Western social media are presented. The novelty of the study lies in the use of the Global Database of Events, Language, and Tone in the analysis of the image of Soviet leaders in the Euro-Atlantic press. A review of messages that mention the names of the leaders of the USSR from January 1, 2017 to the present in the Western press has been completed. It is proved that the overall emotional tone of the narrative about the Soviet leaders in Western media is extremely negative. It is noted that French and German journalists, in comparison with Anglo-Saxon ones, more often write about Soviet history in a positive context. It is emphasized that the differences correlate with the quality of relations between Western countries and Russia, as well as the prospects for their improvement. It is shown that journalists, discussing the Soviet leaders, raise existential questions that are important for the Euro-Atlantic mass consciousness. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the growth of media interest in the stories of rapprochement between the USSR and the West, as well as the emotionally positive transformation of the images of Soviet leaders in the media is considered as a condition and indicator of improving relations between Russia and the West
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