Determinación de algunos metales inorgánicos en aceites vegetales comestibles mediante espectroscopia de emisión atómicacon fuente de plasma acoplado inductivamente (ICP-AES)

Seventeen edible vegetable oils were analyzed spectrometrically for their metal (Cu, Fe, Mn, Co, Cr, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn) contents. Toxic metals in edible vegetable oils were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The highest metal concentrations were measured as 0.0850, 0.0352, 0.0220, 0.0040, 0.0010, 0.0074, 0.0045, 0.0254 and 0.2870 mg/kg for copper in almond oil, for iron in corn oil-(c), for manganese in soybean oil, for cobalt in sunflower oil-(b) and almond oil, for chromium in almond oil, for lead in virgin olive oil, for cadmium in sunflower oil-(e), for nickel almond oil and for zinc in almond oil respectively. The method for determining toxic metals in edible vegetable oils by using ICP-AES is discussed. The metals were extracted from low quantities of oil (2-3 g) with a 10% nitric acid solution. The extracted metal in acid solution can be injected into the ICPAES. The proposed method is simple and allows the metals to be determined in edible vegetable oils with a precision estimated below 10% relative standard deviation (RSD) for Cu, 5% for Fe, 15% for Mn, 8% for Co, 10% for Cr, 20% for Pb, 5% for Cd, 16% for Ni and 11% for Zn.En este estudio se analizó espectrométricamente el contenido en metales (Cu, Fe, Mn, Co, Cr, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn) de 17 aceites vegetales comestibles mediante ICP-AES. Las concentaciones más elevadas se encontraron para el cobre en el aceite de almendra (0.0850 mg/kg), para el hierro en el aceite de maiz(c),(0.0352 mg/kg), para el manganeso en el aceite de soja (0.0220 mg/kg), para el cobalto en el aceite de girasol (b) (0.0040 mg/kg), para el cromo en el aceite de almendra (0.0010 mg/kg), para el plomo en el aceite de oliva virgen (0.0074 mg/kg), para el cadmio en el aceite de girasol (e) (0.0045 mg/kg), para el niquel en el aceite de almendra (0.0254 mg/kg) y para el zincen el aceite de almendra (0.2870 mg/kg). Los metales se extrajeron a partir de bajas cantidades de aceite (2-3 g), con una solución de ácido nítrico al 10%. Se discute el método y se conclluye que el método propuesto es simple y permite la determinación en aceites vegetales comestibles con una precisión estimada inferior al 10% para Cu, 5% para Fe, 15% para Mn. 8% para Co, 20% para Pb, 5% para Cd, 16% para Ni y 11% para Zn

SOME HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN MUSCLE TISSUE OF SEVEN FISH SPECIES FROM THE SUGLA AND BEYSEHIR LAKES, TURKEY

WOS: 000379797800039Phoxinellus anatolicus, Carassius gibelio, Sander lucioperca, Vimba vimba tenella, Capoeta capoeta, Tinca tinca from Sugla Lake (Turkey) and P. anatolicus, Scardinius erythrophthalmus, T. tinca from Beysehir Lake (Turkey) are economically important fish species and these fish have been consumed as food by local people. P. anatolicus is also endangered and endemic species from Turkey. In this study, concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in muscle tissue of these fish by using atomic absorption spectrometer. Levels of metals in the muscle tissue of all the fish specimens were compared with results of previous studies, the tolerance levels of national and international guidelines and the levels of Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) limits set by FAO/WHO. Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb in the muscle tissue of all the fish specimens from Sugla and Beysehir Lakes exceeded the tolerance levels of national and international guidelines. However, concentrations of Cd, Fe, Pb and Zn were below PTWI limits. Therefore, in terms of these metal levels, consumption of fresh fillet of examined seven fish species (weekly up to about 0.3 kg/person) doesn't seem to be objectionable for human health.Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (BAP) [15701159]This study was supported by Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (BAP Project No: 15701159)

Differentiations of chitin content and surface morphologies of chitins extracted from male and female grasshopper species

WOS: 000350680700013PubMed: 25635814In this study, we used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis (EA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate chitin structure isolated from both sexes of four grasshopper species. FT-IR, EA, XRD, and TGA showed that the chitin was in the alpha form. With respect to gender, two main differences were observed. First, we observed that the quantity of chitin was greater in males than in females and the dry weight of chitin between species ranged from 4.71% to 11.84%. Second, using SEM, we observed that the male chitin surface structure contained 25 - 90nm wide nanofibers and 90 - 250 nm nanopores, while no pores or nanofibers were observed in the chitin surface structure of the majority of females (nanofibers were observed only in M. desertus females). In contrast, the elemental analysis, thermal properties, and crystalline index values for chitin were similar in males and females. Also, we carried out enzymatic digestion of the isolated chitins using commercial chitinase from Streptomyces griseus. We observed that there were no big differences in digestion rate of the chitins from both sexes and commercial chitin. The digestion rates were for grasshoppers' chitins; 88.45-95.48% and for commercial chitin; 94.95%

Differentiations of chitin content and surface morphologies of chitins extracted from male and female grasshopper species

Gamtos mokslų fakultetasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Localities of the grasshopper species collected from Turkey.

<p>Localities of the grasshopper species collected from Turkey.</p

XRD of chitin extracted from female and male grasshoppers.

<p>a) <i>Celes varabilis</i> female, b) <i>C. varabilis</i> male, c) <i>Dectius verrucivorus</i> male, d) <i>Melanogryllus desertus</i> female, e) <i>M. desertus</i> male, f) <i>Paracyptera labiata</i> female, g) <i>P. labiata</i> male.</p

Results of elemental analyses (EA) and degree of acetylation (DA).

<p>Results of elemental analyses (EA) and degree of acetylation (DA).</p

TGA curves of <i>α</i>-chitin extracted from female and male grasshoppers.

<p>a) <i>Celes varabilis</i> female, b) <i>C. varabilis</i> male, c<i>) Dectius verrucivorus</i> female, d) <i>D. verrucivorus</i> male, e) <i>Melanogryllus desertus</i> female, f) <i>M. desertus</i> male, g) <i>Paracyptera labiata</i> female, h) <i>P. labiata</i> male.</p

FT-IR spectra of the α-chitin isolated from female and male of five grasshopper species.

<p>a) <i>Celes varabilis</i> female, b) <i>C. varabilis</i> male, c<i>) Dectius verrucivorus</i> female, d) <i>D. verrucivorus</i> male, e) <i>Melanogryllus desertus</i> female, f) <i>M. desertus</i> male, g) <i>Paracyptera labiata</i> female, h) <i>P. labiata</i> male.</p