Influencia do sexo e do ciclo estral sobre a dor e a inflamação da ATM de ratos

Orientador: Maria Cecilia Ferraz de Arruda VeigaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Estudos epidemiológicos têm demonstrado que as mulheres apresentam uma prevalência de disfunção têmporo-mandibular em relação aos homens na ordem de 2,5: 1. Entretanto, ainda não foi totalmente esclarecida a influência dos hormônios gonadais sobre as disfunções têmporo-mandibulares nas mulheres. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar a influência do sexo, do ciclo estral e do hormônio 17 b-estradiol no desenvolvimento da dor e do processo inflamatório associados à articulação têmporo-mandibular (ATM). Para isso, ratos Wistar (machos, fêmeas em estro, fêmeas em proestro e fêmeas castradas com e sem reposição hormonal foram submetidos aos seguintes testes nociceptivos e inflamatórios na ATM: 1) teste da formalina na ATM; 2) teste da incapacitação mastigatória induzida pela carragenina e 3) teste do extravasamento plasmático neurogênico do tecido periarticular da ATM induzido pelo óleo de mostarda. Para análise estatística dos resultados, utilizou-se os seguintes testes: t, t pareado, ANOVA e Newman-Keuls; o limite de significância foi estabelecido em 5% (p < 0,05). Os resultados obtidos nos três experimentos foram respectivamente: 1) as fêmeas em estro e as castradas apresentaram maior sensibilidade ao teste da formalina na ATM do que as fêmeas em proestro. Por sua vez, as fêmeas castradas com reposição de estrógeno demonstraram menor sensibilidade a esse teste em comparação às fêmeas castradas sem reposição hormonal. 2) As fêmeas em estro, em proestro e castradas apresentaram redução na ingestão alimentar de 84; 83,3 e 49,42%, respectivamente, em comparação à redução de apenas 48,30% nos machos. 3) Quanto ao extravasamento plasmático induzido pelo óleo de mostarda, não houve diferença significativa entre machos, fêmeas em estro e em proestro. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que, em ratos: 1) A sensibilidade ao teste da formalina da ATM é alterada pelas oscilações hormonais do ciclo estral e pela reposição de 17 b-estradiol em fêmeas castradas; 2) a maior sensibilidade à alodinia da ATM (teste da carragenina) nas fêmeas é dependente da produção dos hormônios ovarianos e 3) o extravasamento plasmático neurogênico da ATM independe do sexo e do ciclo estralAbstract: Epidemiologycal studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of temporomandibular disfunction (TMD) for women and men is in a ratio of 2.5 to 1. However the influence of gonadal hormones over TMD in women is not completely understood yet. The aim of this study was to verify the influence of sex, estrous cycle and 17 b-estradiol hormone over pain and inflammatory process of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Wistar rats (males, females at estrus, females at proestrus and castrated females with and without estrogen replacement) were submitted to nociceptive and inflammatory tests: 1) TMJ formalin test, 2) masticatory incapacity induced by carrageenan and 3) neurogenic plasma extravasation of periarticular TMJ tissue induced by mustard oil test. Statistical analysis was performed using the following tests: t, paired t, ANOVA and Newman-Keuls; the limit of significance was set at 5% (p < 0.05). The obtained results from the three experimental tests were respectively: 1) females at estrus and castrated were more sensible to the TMJ formalin test than females at proestrus. Castrated females with estrogen replacement were less sensible than castrated females without estrogen replacement. 2) females at estrus and proestrus and castrated showed a reduction in food intake of respectively 84,0, 83,3 and 49,4%. For males, this reduction was of 48,3%. 3) In the plasmatic extravasation induced by mustard oil, there was no difference among males, females at estrus and proestrus. It can be concluded that, in rats: 1) the sensibility to the TMJ formalin test is affected by hormonal fluctuations of estrous cycle and by 17 b-estradiol replacement in the castrated females; 2) the higher sensibility to allodynia of the tmj (carrageenan test) of females than of males is due to production of ovarian hormones and 3) neurogenic plasma extravasation of TMJ does not depend on the gender and estrous cycleDoutoradoFisiologia OralDoutor em Odontologi

Do whole-body vibration exercise and resistance exercise modify concentrations of salivary cortisol and immunoglobulin A?

A single bout of resistance exercise (RE) induces hormonal and immune responses, playing an important role in a long-term adaptive process. Whole-body vibration (WBV) has also been shown to affect hormonal responses. Evidence suggests that combining WBV with RE may amplify hormonal and immune responses due to the increased neuromuscular load. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate salivary cortisol (Scortisol) and salivary IgA (SIgA) concentrations following a RE session combined or not with WBV. Nine university students (22.9 ± 5.1 years, 175.8 ± 5.2 cm, and 69.2 ± 7.3 kg) performed five sets of squat exercise (70% one-repetition-maximum) combined (R+V30) or not (R) with WBV at 30 Hz. Saliva samples were obtained before and after exercise. Subjects also rated their effort according to the Borg CR-10 scale (RPE). Data were analyzed by a mixed model. RPE was higher after R+V30 (8.3 ± 0.7) compared to R (6.2 ± 0.7). However, Scortisol (pre: 10.6 ± 7.6 and 11.7 ± 7.6, post: 8.3 ± 6.3 and 10.2 ± 7.2 ng/mL for R and R+V30, respectively) and SIgA concentrations (pre: 98.3 ± 22.6 and 116.1 ± 51.2, post: 116.6 ± 64.7 and 143.6 ± 80.5 µg/mL for R and R+V30, respectively) were unaffected. No significant correlations were observed between Scortisol and RPE (r = 0.45, P = 0.22; r = 0.30, P = 0.42, for R and R+V30, respectively). On the basis of these data, neither protocol modified salivary cortisol or IgA, although RPE was higher after R+V30 than R

ANÁLISE DE PERFIL CLÍNICO DOS PACIENTES ATENDIDOS NO AMBULATÓRIO DE DOR OROFACIAL DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA (BA)

Segundo a Academia Americana de Dor Orofacial, o termo “disfunções temporomandibulares (DTMs)” é definido como um conjunto de distúrbios que envolvem os músculos mastigatórios, a articulação temporomandibular (ATM) e estruturas associadas

Economic Token To Improve On-Task Behavior In Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Memusatkan perhatian pada tugas atau perilaku on-task merupakan salah satu keterbatasan yang dimiliki oleh anak dengan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Pada sisi lain, perilaku on-task ini seharusnya dimiliki oleh anak usia sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan durasi perilaku on-task pada anak dengan gangguan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder dengan menggunakan teknik token ekonomi. Desain eksperimen yang digunakan adalah single subject design model A-B-A. Intervensi dilakukan selama 10 kali pertemuan. Partisipan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah anak dengan gangguan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder yang berusia 9 tahun 9 bulan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan observasi pada durasi perilaku on-task anak ketika mengerjakan tugas. Analisis data menggunakan analisis grafik. Efek dari intervensi dapat dilihat dari grafik durasi perilaku on-task yang diukur pada fase baseline 1, fase intervensi dan fase baseline 2. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa teknik token ekonomi mampu meningkatkan durasi perilaku on-task pada anak dengan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

A unha como indicador biologico de exposição a fluoreto para prever risco de fluorose dental

Orientador: Jaime A. CuryTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaDoutorad

RELAÇÃO ENTRE LIMITAÇÃO DE ABERTURA BUCAL, ALTERAÇÕES SALIVARES E ACÚMULO DE BIOFILME DENTAL EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE CABEÇA E PESCOÇO SUBMETIDOS À RADIOTERAPIA E QUIMIOTERAPIA

Os principais tratamentos para as neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço incluem quimioterapia, radioterapia, cirurgia ou uma combinação destes (LIN et al., 2021). Porém, qualquer que seja o método escolhido, pode haver sequelas ou efeitos adversos ao sistema estomatognático do paciente, como limitações para abertura bucal (trismo) e alterações do fluxo salivar, que podem influenciar no acúmulo de biofilme dental

Waiting Time for Coronal Preparation and the Influence of Different Cements on Tensile Strength of Metal Posts

This study aimed to assess the effect of post-cementation waiting time for core preparation of cemented cast posts and cores had on retention in the root canal, using two different luting materials. Sixty extracted human canines were sectioned 16 mm from the root apex. After cast nickel-chromium metal posts and cores were fabricated and luted with zinc phosphate (ZP) cement or resin cement (RC), the specimens were divided into 3 groups (n = 10) according to the waiting time for core preparation: no preparation (control), 15 minutes, or 1 week after the core cementation. At the appropriate time, the specimens were subjected to a tensile load test (0.5 mm/min) until failure. Two-way ANOVA (time versus cement) and the Tukey tests (P < 0.05) showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) tensile strength values for the ZP cement groups than for the RC groups. Core preparation and post-cementation waiting time for core recontouring did not influence the retention strength. ZP was the best material for intraradicular metal post cementation

Relação entre fluxo saliva e acúmulo de biofilme dental em pacientes submetidos à radioterapia na região de cabeça e pescoço

A radioterapia é o tratamento mais utilizado no câncer de cabeça e pescoço, e consiste em radiações ionizantes, que atuam sobre o DNA das células malignas, levando à morte celular ou à perda de sua capacidade reprodutiva, alcançando um índice terapêutico favorável. Porém, altas doses de radiação em extensos campos levam a reações adversas ao organismo, principalmente na mucosa oral (CIUPA, 2014)

Patients' views on dentists' ability to manage medical crises – results of focus group research

Background: Australia faces an ageing population which is more medically complicated than in years past, and it is important that we meet public expectations of management of medical emergencies in the dental clinic. No research before has examined in depth the public perception of dentists’ medical emergency management. Aim: To qualitatively assess the publics' perception of medical emergencies in dentistry and their expectations of medical emergency management by dentists. Methods: 12 members of the public associated with a university clinic participated in two focus groups of six persons, where semi-structured discussions were carried out, audio recorded and transcribed, and subsequently underwent comprehensive thematic analysis. Results: Key findings included a high expectation of dentists' general medical knowledge, as well as potential concern regarding a lack of routine medical assessment prior to undertaking dental treatment. Conclusions: Participants expected dentists to be highly proficient at managing medical crises and support the concept of medical emergency management certification for dentists

Development and Validation of an Educational Comic Book for Guidance on the Safe Use of Fluoride Toothpaste by Children

Objective: To describe the elaboration and content validation of a comic book for guidance on the safe use of fluoride toothpaste by children. Material and Methods: Study on the development of educational technology carried out in four phases: 1 – literature review and script; 2 – elaboration of the material (illustrations, layout and design), 3 – validation (Content Validity Index = CVI and Flesch Readability Index = FI), 4 – pilot test to legitimize the material with the target population. Thirty-one individuals participated in the validation, being 07 expert judges and 24 representatives of the lay population, responsible for the daily care of preschool and school-age children. Results: In the validation, CVI= 0.97 (97%), indicating high agreement of the judges\u27 answers; and FI = 92%, which corresponds to “very easy to understand” reading. In the pilot test carried out with the lay population, the 3 assessment blocks had CVI=1.0 (100%). Conclusion: The comic book proved to be valid regarding appearance and content and can be used for health education activities for adults on the use of fluoride toothpaste for oral hygiene in children