Gasoline-like fuel produced from waste tire mixed with gasoline and ıts' affect on engine performance and exhaust emission

Bu çalışmada, atık lastik sıvısında üretilen benzin benzeri yakıtın (BBY) ve benzin yakıtına (BY) kütlesel olarak 10%, 20%, ve 30% oranlarında BBY ile yapılan karışımının, buji ateşlemeli (BA) motorda performans ve egzoz emisyon karakteristikleri incelenmiştir. Deneylerde, fren torku, güç, ortalama fren efektif basıncı, fren özgül yakıt tüketimi ve ısıl verimlilik parametleri test edilmiştir. Ayrıca, egzoz gaz sıcaklığı, NO, NOx, CO, CO2, ve HC emisyonları analiz edilmiştir. BBY'nin yüzdeliği BY'de artınca güç, fren torku, ortalama fren efektif basıncı ve termal verimlilik artarken fren özgül yakıt tüketimi azalmıştır. BBY oranin karışımda artirilmasiyla, CO2, NOx, NO emisyonları artarken, CO azalmıştır. Ayrıca, HC ve O2 emisyonu artmıştır. Test sonuclarina gore, numuneler problemsiz olarak yanmistir

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain in COVID-19 Patients After Intensive Care Unit Discharge

Background and Aim:Using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE), the ventricular functions of hospitalized coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients were assessed. However, there is limited information about cardiac functions in the first year after recovery from the intensive care unit (ICU). This research aims to assess the right ventricular functions of COVID-19 patients and their changes within the first year after ICU discharge using 2D-STE.Materials and Methods:The study was conducted prospectively. The study included 68 consecutive patients and 70 control patients. Echocardiography was performed in the ICU and the first year after discharge from the hospital. Right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RVGLS) was measured using the 2D-STE method.Results:The mean age of the study group was 48.67±8.10 and 37 (54.4%) patients were males. There were no substantial differences across the groups, including age, gender, body mass index, heart rate, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and smoking (P > 0.05). A substantially significant positive correlation was detected between right ventricular dimension (RAD) (r = 0.644, P < 0.001), right ventricular diastolic dimension (RVDD) (r = 0.573, P < 0.001), ferritin (r = 0.454, P < 0.001), D-dimer (r = 0.305, P = 0.011) values and RVGLS in the in-hospital and after-discharge first-year groups. The RVGLS values of the control, in-hospital, and after-discharge first-year groups were -20.36±3.06, -16.98±3.78, and -17.58±6.45, indicating a statistically significant difference across the groups (P < 0.001). Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion was higher in the control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion:RVGLS was found to be depressed during the in-hospital period and showed no improvement in the 1 year post discharge

Evaluation, characterization, and engine performance of complementary fuel blends of butanol–biodiesel–diesel from Aleurites moluccanus as potential alternative fuels for CI engines

© The Author(s) 2018.Biodiesel has gained worldwide attention due to its renewable aspects. However, it needs more quality improvement. Recently, butanol has been considered as a favorable alternative fuel or additive over methanol and ethanol in compression ignition (CI) engines. In this regard, the present work deals with the evaluation of butanol–diesel–biodiesel blends as potential alternative fuels. In this work, biodiesel has been produced from Aleurites moluccanus oil followed by blending with Euro-diesel and butanol. Important characteristics such as kinematic viscosity, density and cloud point besides FT-IR, UV-vis spectra, TGA, DSC and NMR (13C and 1H) were analyzed. Some important engine and emission performance parameters, such as BP, BSFC, CO, HC, NOx and EGT were also studied in this work. Results revealed that blending butanol and Euro-diesel with biodiesel improves the properties of pure biodiesel such as kinematic viscosity (2.41–3.55 mm2/s) and density (841.8–884.6 kg/m3), while maintaining an acceptable range for cold flow properties that are analogous to Euro-diesel. In addition, reduction in BP (24.65–26.35%), HC (52.57–38.71%), and CO (39.18–30.4%) was observed for all the blends at full load compared to Euro-diesel. However, increases in both BSFC (38.17–41.14%) and NOx (24.18–8.35%) were observed. Overall, the blends appear to be good alternatives to biodiesel–diesel blends. Thus, butanol–biodiesel–diesel blends can be considered as potential sustainable fuels for fossil diesel

The prognostic value of ORBIT risk score in predicting major bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Background: The most significant adverse effect of antithrombotic medication in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is major bleeding, which is related to increased mortality. Studies on ORBIT risk score in predicting major bleeding in ACS patients are limited. Objective: This research aimed to examine whether the ORBIT score calculated at the bedside can identify major bleeding risk in patients with ACS. Methods: This research was retrospective, observational, and conducted at a single center. Analyses of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were utilized to define the diagnostic value of CRUSADE and ORBIT scores. The predictive performances of the two scores were compared using DeLong's method. Discrimination and reclassification performances were evaluated by the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI). Results: The study included 771 patients with ACS. The mean age was 68.7 ± 8.6 years, with 35.3 % females. 31 patients had major bleeding. Twenty-three of these patients were BARC 3 A, five were BARC 3 B, and three were BARC 3 C. Bleeding history [OR (95 % CI), 2.46 (1.02-5.94), p = 0.021], hemoglobin levels [OR (95 % CI), 0.54 (0.45-0.63), p 74 years [OR (95 % CI), 1.03 (1.01-1.06), p = 0.039] were independent predictors of major bleeding. The ORBIT score was an independent predictor of major bleeding in the multivariate analysis: continuous variables [OR (95 % CI), 2.53 (2.61-3.95), p < 0.001] and risk categories [OR (95 % CI), 3.06 (1.69-5.52), p < 0.001]. Comparison of c-indexes for major bleeding events revealed a non-significant difference for the discriminative ability of the two tested scores (p = 0.07) with a continuous NRI of 6.6 % (p = 0.026) and an IDI of 4.2 % (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In ACS patients, the ORBIT score independently predicted major bleeding

Perspective of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) as a potential biodiesel feedstock in Turkey: characterization, engine performance and emissions analyses of butanol–biodiesel–diesel blends

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is widely farmed in Turkey. This study investigates the physicochemical properties of safflower biodiesel and its blends with Euro diesel and butanol. A polynomial curve-fitting method was used to predict kinematic viscosity and density of the ternary blends. Furthermore, characteristics such as DSC, FT-IR, UV-Vis and TGA were adopted to evaluate the influence of butanol addition on biodiesel&ndash;diesel blends. Engine performance parameters such as BP, torque and BSFC and emissions such as CO, HC, NOx&nbsp;and EGT were studied. Safflower methyl ester satisfied both EN 14214 and ASTM D 6751 standards regarding viscosity, flash point and density. However, iodine value was quite high. Oxidation stability fails to satisfy either standard. This is due to the high level of unsaturated fatty acids (91.05%). A reduction in BP, torque, HC and CO coupled with an increase in BSFC, NOx&nbsp;emissions and EGT was observed for all blends compared to Euro diesel. Overall, all blends appear to be good alternatives to biodiesel&ndash;diesel blends. This work supports that biodiesel can be blended with diesel and butanol as ternary blends (up to 20%) for use as a fuel in compression ignition (CI) engines. Therefore, combustion characteristics of blends shall be further investigated.</p

Fuels properties, characterizations and engine and emission performance analyses of ternary waste cooking oil biodiesel–diesel–propanol blends

Application of biodiesel synthesized from waste-based raw materials with numerous solvents (higher chain alcohols) in diesel engines is a topic of great interest. This article examines the effect of biodiesel-diesel-propanol ternary blends. Physio-chemical properties, fatty acids composition (FAC), FT-IR, TGA, DSC, NMR along with some selected engine and emissions performance parameters were examined. Biodiesel was produced from waste cooking oil and exhibits excellent FAC that yields kinematic viscosity, cetane number, oxidation stability, higher heating value and iodine value of 3.93mm(2)/s, 58.88, 7.43 h, 39.45 MJ/kg and 64.92 g/100 g. Propanol blended biodiesel depicted an affirmative improvement in cold flow properties and decremented density. FT-IR and NMR results confirms the existence of biodiesel-diesel-propanol and prove their qualities as reliable methods. DSC and TGA results confirm that propanol reduces the onset and crystallization temperatures of the blends. Engine and emissions performance revealed that propanol addition further increased brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and reduced carbon monoxide (CO), exhaust gas temperature (EGT), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke. This study proves the feasibility of the ternary blends with rewarding benefits in cold flow properties and densities besides acceptable engine and emissions performance results