18 research outputs found
Solution conformation of virginiamycin S. II. The conformation of allohydroxy- and deoxyvirginiamycin S
Prenatal diagnosis of alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency and estimates of fetal risk for disease.
Utilidad del estudio inmunocitoquimico en las afecciones inflamatorias del tubo digestivo
The Effect of Three-Dimensional Co-Culture of Hepatocytes and Hepatic Stellate Cells on Key Hepatocyte Functions in vitro
Immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome : Secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE database
The aim of this study was to describe data on epidemiology, ventilatory management, and outcome of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in immunocompromised patients. Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis on the cohort of immunocompromised patients enrolled in the Large Observational Study to Understand the Global Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Failure (LUNG SAFE) study. The LUNG SAFE study was an international, prospective study including hypoxemic patients in 459 ICUs from 50 countries across 5 continents. Results: Of 2813 patients with ARDS, 584 (20.8%) were immunocompromised, 38.9% of whom had an unspecified cause. Pneumonia, nonpulmonary sepsis, and noncardiogenic shock were their most common risk factors for ARDS. Hospital mortality was higher in immunocompromised than in immunocompetent patients (52.4% vs 36.2%; p < 0.0001), despite similar severity of ARDS. Decisions regarding limiting life-sustaining measures were significantly more frequent in immunocompromised patients (27.1% vs 18.6%; p < 0.0001). Use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) as first-line treatment was higher in immunocompromised patients (20.9% vs 15.9%; p = 0.0048), and immunodeficiency remained independently associated with the use of NIV after adjustment for confounders. Forty-eight percent of the patients treated with NIV were intubated, and their mortality was not different from that of the patients invasively ventilated ab initio. Conclusions: Immunosuppression is frequent in patients with ARDS, and infections are the main risk factors for ARDS in these immunocompromised patients. Their management differs from that of immunocompetent patients, particularly the greater use of NIV as first-line ventilation strategy. Compared with immunocompetent subjects, they have higher mortality regardless of ARDS severity as well as a higher frequency of limitation of life-sustaining measures. Nonetheless, nearly half of these patients survive to hospital discharge. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073. Registered on 12 December 2013
X-Ray Observations of Cluster Mergers
X-ray observations have played a key role in the study of substructure and
merging in galaxy clusters. I review the evidence for cluster substructure and
mergers obtained from X-ray observations with satellites that operated before
Chandra and XMM. Different techniques to study cluster mergers via X-ray
imaging and spectral data are discussed with an emphasis on the quantitative
analysis of cluster morphologies. I discuss the implications of measurements of
cluster morphologies for cosmology and the origin of radio halos