Through a Gender Lens: The Economic Security of Women and Girls in Forsyth County

The first research of its kind to focus specifically on the circumstances and needs of women in Forsyth County, this report draws attention to the individual, social and systemic issues and barriers to economic security by examining poverty rates, wages, educational attainment and occupations as well as the cost of necessary expenses such as housing, utilities, food, transportation, childcare and healthcare

Insects as fruit pollenators

Citation: Boys, William Armfield. Insects as fruit pollenators. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1904.Morse Department of Special CollectionsIntroduction: There has perhaps been an idea quite prevalent among the majority of people for ages past that color, fragrance and all that is pleasing in flowers to the senses of man were created for his enjoyment. Christian Conrad Sprengel seems to have been the first to take a different view, of the subject. In 1787 he discovered that in most flowers that contain nectar it is so located that incests may have easy access to it and that at the same time it is protected from destruction by rain, and he concluded "that the nectar of these flowers is secreted for the sake of insects and is protected from rain in order that the insects may get it pure and unspoiled." He also observed that there were certain markings near the nectaries which he concluded were pathfinders or honey guides. This led to the conception that if these markings were to lead the insect to nectaries then the color of the flowers was first to attract the insect to the flower; Although his conslusions as to the importance of cross-fertilization in plants were rather meager, as later investigations has revealed, he was the means of starting observations which were carried on by others in later years that have given more established facts. There has been much study on the relation of insects to flowers in cross-pollenization on since the time of Sprengel. As it has been demonstrated that there is a decided benefit to plants in cross-pollenization

Changes in South Australian children's caries experience: Is caries re-surfacing?

The document attached has been archived with permission from the Australian Dental Association. An external link to the publisher’s copy is included.Jason Mathew Armfield and Andrew John Spence

Changes in South Australian children's caries experience: Authors' reply [Part 2]

This correspondence is continued from issue 4, 2004 of the Australian Dental Journal.Jason Armfield and A. John Spence

A computational study of the influence of the injection characteristics on micro-turbine combustion

Micro-turbines have been lately recognized as promising alternatives for powering unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), hybrid transport and small scale electricity generation. Due to their traditional use in military and recreational applications, a good deal of empirical and general data is available but little technical and scientific information about their behaviour, and in particular about their combustion characteristics can be obtained. Injection is widely recognized as a major controller of the combustion process in thermal machines such as diesel engines and gas turbines. In this paper a computational study is undertaken to identify the influence of the injection characteristics on the thermodynamic variables inside a commercial micro-turbine. Large eddy simulation is used for describing the turbulence. Statistical design of experiments is used to evaluate the influence of each factor and their interactions as well as for reducing the amount of simulations. Results indicate that changes in droplet size and injection velocity can improve the conditions at the outlet of the combustor

Numerical Simulation of Free-fountains in a Homogeneous Fluid

The behaviour of plane fountains, resulting from the injection of dense fluid upwards into a large container of homogeneous fluid of lower density, is investigated. The transient behaviour of fountains with parabolic inlet velocity profile and Reynolds numbers, 50 ≤ Re ≤ 150, Prandtl numbers, Pr=7, 300 and 700, and Froude numbers, Fr = 0.25 to 10.0 are studied numerically. The fountain behaviour falls into three distinct regimes; steady and symmetric; unsteady and periodic flapping; unsteady and aperiodic. The analytical scaling of nondimensional fountain height, zm, with Fr and Re is zm ∼ Fr4/3−2γ/3Re−γ. The constant γ is found empirically for each of the regimes. The fountain height decreases with increase in Reynolds number in the steady region but increases with Reynolds number in the unsteady regimes. However, the fountain height increases with Froude number in all regimes. Numerical results and the analytical scaling show that zm is independent of Prandtl number in the range considered. The fountain exhibits periodic lateral oscillations, i.e., periodic flapping for intermediate Froude numbers ranging from 1.25 ≤ Fr ≤ 2.25

Radiological interpretation of images displayed on tablet computers: a systematic review

Objective: To review the published evidence and to determine if radiological diagnostic accuracy is compromised when images are displayed on a tablet computer and thereby inform practice on using tablet computers for radiological interpretation by on-call radiologists

Effects of Corner Geometry and Adiabatic Extensions on Heat Transfer through a Differentially Heated Square Cavity

This study is concerned with heat transfer by natural convection in a differentially heated square cavity. The purpose is to explore numerically the effects of the corner geometry and adiabatic extensions on heat transfer through the sidewalls. Two sets of simulations have been carried out in this study. The first set is concerned with steady-state calculations with different corner shapes, and the second set considers both steady-state and transient heat transfer with adiabatic extensions of various dimensions. The numerical results are presented in this paper

Sub-Filter Scale Models for Scalar Transport in Large Eddy Simulations

Large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent heat transfer in an in- nite channel has been used to compare the performance of several promising sub-lter-scale models for modelling the transport of a passive scalar. The dynamic mixed model and the dynamic reconstruction model (a higher order version of the mixed model) have been reported in the literature to perform very well in LES of turbulent ow. Here these models are tested to determine the model's suitability for modelling transport of a passive scalar. These models together with the dynamic Smagorinsky model and a no-model case, are tested at a Prandtl number of 0.71 and Reynolds number of 180 based on wall friction velocity and channel half width. Both the dynamic reconstruction model and the dynamic mixed model perform very well showing clear improvement in the prediction of the mean ow and other turbulent statistics compared to the no-model case. The standard dynamic Smagorinsky model without the additional reconstruction terms performs quite poorly

Influence of Start-Up Time on the Purging of Salt Water From a Cavity by an Overflow of Fresh Water

This paper presents the results of a numerical investigation of a flow in which salt water is purged from a square cavity by an overflow of fresh water. Ramp inlet velocity boundary conditions are used in order to describe the influence of the start up time on the amount of saline water purged from the cavity in the initial splash. As the time to start-up is increased, the volume of saline liquid purged from the pool is decreased. This has important implications in the management of river systems and the potential to purge the saline water within the river base by an environmental release, where it is expected that the time to startup is measured in days