Antifungal effect of organic acids from lactic bacteria on Penicillium nordicum

ICFC 2017 - International Conference on Food Contaminants (Book of Abstracts)Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been gaining attention for the antifungal properties of some strains. The control of fungal growth is especially important since moulds are responsible for significant spoilage of food and feed. Additionally, they are able t o produce toxic compounds known as mycotoxins that cause serious health hazards. Some LAB strains have the ability to inhibit fungal growth and also the production of mycotoxins. In this work, cell free supernatants (CFS) of Lactobacillus plantarum UM55 and Lactobacillus buchneri UTAD104 were tested for the inhibition of Penicillium nordicum growth and ochratoxin A (OTA) production. Fungal growth was inhibited in only 18 and 11% by CFS of L. plantarum and L. buchneri, respectively. However, the production o f OTA was reduced approx. in 70% by both strains. In order to determine the nature of compounds responsible for this activity, CFS were subjected to heat, proteases and neutralization of pH. It was observed that CFS retained its inhibitory properties after being autoclaved and treated with proteases. However, when submitted to pH neutralization, CFS lost its activity. Some organic acids produced by these LAB strains were also tested for their inhibitory capacity. Calculation of inhibitory concentrations shown that butyric and propionic acids were the most effective in inhibiting P. nordicum growth and OTA production, followed by indole lactic acid (ILA), phenyllactic acid (PLA), acetic acid, hydroxyphenyllactic acid (OH-PLA) and lactic acid. CFS were analysed by HPLC - PDA for the quantification of those organic acids. For L. plantarum UM55 main differences were found in the levels of lactic acid, PLA, OH-PLA, and ILA. For L. buchneri UTAD104, levels of acetic, lactic and PLA were higher than in the control experiment. In conclusion, ability of LAB to inhibit mycotoxigenic fungi depends of strain capability to produce certain organic acids, and those acids may differ from strain to straininfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Educación ambiental y sociedad. Saberes locales para el desarrollo y la sustentabilidad

EL LIBRO PERMITE REFLEXIONAR SOBRE LA IMPORTANCIA DE FOMENTAL LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL PARA RESOLVER LA PROBLEMÁTICA AMBIENTALEL LIBRO PRESENTA DIFERENTES TRABAJOS QUE ESTUDIAN EL TEMA D ELA SUSTENTABILIDAD, ENFATIZANDO LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y LA TRANSDISCIPLINANINGUN

EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y SOCIEDAD. SABERES LOCALES PARA EL DESARROLLO Y LA SUSTENTABILIDAD

Este texto contribuye al análisis científico de varias áreas del conocimiento como la filosofía social, la patología, la educación para el cuidado del medio ambiente y la sustentabilidad que inciden en diversas unidades de aprendizaje de la Licenciatura en Educación para la Salud y de la Maestría en Sociología de la SaludLas comunidades indígenas de la sierra norte de Oaxaca México, habitan un territorio extenso de biodiversidad. Sin que sea una área protegida y sustentable, la propia naturaleza de la región ofrece a sus visitantes la riqueza de la vegetación caracterizada por sus especies endémicas que componen un paisaje de suma belleza

Caracterizacao de novos sistemas para particao bifasica aquosa de biomoleculas

Aqueous two phase partition explores the possibility of solutions of two polymers or one polymer and one salt separating into two immiscible aqueous phases, when certain critical concentrations are exceeded. Each one of these aqueous phases is more concentrated in one of the phase forming chemicals. Both exhibit a high water content, usually more than 80% (w/w) and in some cases as much as 95%. Due to this high water content, these biphasic systems provide a gentle environment for molecules and particles with biological activity. The main subject of this thesis is the characterisation of new aqueous two phase systems based on crude polymers as phase forming polymers, since the cost of the phase forming polymers is the main drawback on the large scale application of aqueous two phase partition. Aqueous two phase systems based on crude polymers are less expensive and so the applicability of this technique can be increased. The presented work is performed exclusively on polymer polymer two phase systems. Polyethylene glycol is used as one of the two phase forming polymers in all tested systems and as the other polymer a crude guar gum are tested..Available from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Servico de Informacao e Documentacao, Av. D. Carlos I, 126, 1249-074 Lisboa, Portugal / FCT - Fundação para o Ciência e a TecnologiaSIGLEPTPortuga

Ochratoxin A:from grapes to wine

Prevention of ochratoxin A (OTA) accumulation through pre-harvest management is the best method to control mycotoxin contamination; however, the contamination should occur, so the hazards associated with the toxin must be managed through post-harvest procedures. The assignment of CCPs is important to make HACCP effective and is essential to prevent or to eliminate a food safety hazard or to reduce it to an acceptable level. Grapes selection is a preventive measure and the good manufacture practices in winemaking can work as corrective action for reducing contamination. According to all the experiments that were conducted under \u201cWine-Ochra Risk\u201d the results show that no OTA is produced during winemaking, but each operation during winemaking can modify OTA content. OTA passes from grapes into the juice during crushing, the maceration increases OTA content, the alcoholic and malo-lactic fermentation cause an OTA reduction. During all clarification steps (either natural sedimentation or by the use of adjuvant), the level of ochratoxin A decreases because of its adsorption into the sediment. The ochratoxin A reduction due to the natural sedimentation is small, while the decrease due to the use of adjuvant depends on the type and amount of adjuvant. In order to manage the hazard of OTA in winemaking and to verify if OTA content in wine is lower than the legal limit of 2 ug/L, it would be enough to analyze OTA in must and in wine at the end of alcoholic fermentation, since the following steps cause the OTA reduction. According to the results, it is expected that a significant decrease in ochratoxin A concentration occur from grape at harvest to wine if the following good manufacture practices are achieved: \u2022 Minimize the time interval between harvest and crushing; refrigerate the grapes when crushing will not take place in a short time \u2022 Discard bunches with visible mould grown (specially black moulds) \u2022 Add sulphur dioxide to grapes \u2022 Control OTA level in must after crushing \u2022 In case of high OTA risk, reduce the maceration time, use yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and chemical adjuvants proven to be effective against OTA

Looking for the interactions between omeprazole and amoxicillin in a disordered phase. An experimental and theoretical study

In this paper, co-grinding mixtures of omeprazole-amoxicillin trihydrate (CGM samples) and omeprazole-anhydrous amoxicillin (CGMa samples) at 3:7, 1:1 and 7:3 molar ratios, respectively, were studied with the aim of obtaining a co-amorphous system and determining the potential intermolecular interactions. These systems were fully characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FT-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (ssNMR). The co-grinding process was not useful to get a co-amorphous system but it led to obtaining the 1:1 CGMa disordered phase. Moreover, in this system both FTIR and ssNMR analysis strongly suggest intermolecular interactions between the sulfoxide group of omeprazole and the primary amine of amoxicillin anhydrous. The solubility measurements were performed in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) to prove the effect of the co-grinding process. Complementarily, we carried out density functional theory calculations (DFT) followed by quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses in order to shed some light on the principles that guide the possible formation of heterodimers at the molecular level, which are supported by spectroscopic experimental findings.Fil: Russo, Marcos Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Sancho, Matias Israel. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Silva, Lorena M. A.. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; BrasilFil: Baldoni, Hector Armando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico, Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi"; ArgentinaFil: Venancio, Tiago. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; BrasilFil: Ellena, Javier. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Narda, Griselda Edith. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; Argentin

Evaluation of Aquatic Environments Using a Sensorial System Based on Conducting Polymers and its Potential Application in Electrochemical Sensors

A sensor array consisted of interdigitated gold electrodes modified with nanostructured ultra-thin films of conducting polymers was used to evaluate different water samples from three distinct reservoirs, located in the São Paulo State, Brazil, according to their eutrophic level, i.e. oligotrophic, eutrophic and hypereutrophic. These reservoirs samples presented different eutrophic levels. The sensor array data were processed and analyzed by using PCA (principal component analysis). In the near future, this will be a reliable and straightforward method to analyze water samples based on the concept of global selectivity and electrochemical impedance

Da colônia agrícola ao hospital-colônia: configurações para a assistência psiquiátrica no Brasil na primeira metade do século XX From the agricultural colony to the hospital-colony: configurations for psychiatric care in Brazil in the first half of the twentieth century

Discute os sentidos do modelo institucional das colônias na assistência psiquiátrica no Brasil, considerando suas diferentes configurações no contexto das políticas públicas de saúde na primeira metade do século XX. Toma como fio condutor a Colônia Juliano Moreira, fundada em 1924 no Rio de Janeiro. Demonstra o significado atribuído à concepção de colônia agrícola e sua importância na formatação da Colônia Juliano Moreira, para compreender como o ideário da colônia agrícola foi traduzido na concepção de hospital-colônia a partir dos anos 1940, quando essa instituição sofreu processo de acentuada expansão de sua estrutura física e de seus recursos terapêuticos.<br>The meanings given to the institutional model of the colonies in psychiatric care in Brazil are assessed, duly considering their different configurations in the context of public health policies in the first half of the twentieth century. The central thread of this analysis is the case of the Colônia Juliano Moreira, an institution founded in 1924 in Rio de Janeiro. It seeks to show the meaning attributed to the concept of agricultural colony and its importance in shaping the Colônia Juliano Moreira, in order to understand how the ideological precept of agricultural colony was translated into the concept of hospital-colony from the 1940s onwards, when this institution experienced a steady process of marked expansion of its physical structure and its therapeutic resources