111 research outputs found
Gouverner par la parole : parlements de la rue, pratiques oratoires et subjectivation politique en CĂŽte dâIvoire
La crise en CĂŽte dâIvoire a vu se multiplier les « agoras » et « parlements » de la rue, devenus les hauts lieux de la mobilisation patriotique. Cet article montre que les orateurs de ces espaces se sont affirmĂ©s en tant que sujets moraux et politiques par la prise de parole publique et un travail hermĂ©neutique de « dĂ©voilement » de la vĂ©ritĂ©. Mais il souligne aussi que ce processus de subjectivation sâest opĂ©rĂ© dans le cadre dâun dispositif contraignant de professionnalisation de la parole patriotique sâapparentant Ă une forme de gouvernementalitĂ©. Il sâinterroge alors sur le devenir de celle-ci dans un contexte de sortie de guerre qui a vu la destruction dudit dispositif.Governing through speech: street parliaments, oratory practices and political subjectivation in CĂŽte dâIvoire
In the course of CĂŽte dâIvoireâs crisis, an extensive network of street âparliamentsâ and âagorasâ was created by nationalist youth. The article shows how these parliaments worked effectively as an apparatus where, beyond mobilizing citizens, young patriots (jeunes patriotes) asserted themselves as moral and political subjects, using oratory and hermeneutic skills to unveil the âtruthâ of the Ivoirian conflict. Their âprofessionalizationâ as orators was linked to a specific form of governamentality, where the uttering of truth was given a fundamental role in governing citizenry and producing subjectivity. The article closes with a brief reflection on the transformations undergone by this governamentality in the post-conflict context, once the âparliamentaryâ apparatus has been erased
Dominique Casajus, Fabio Viti, eds, Le terre et le pouvoir: Ă la mĂ©moire de Michel Izard, Paris, Cnrs Ăditions, 2012, pp. IV, 307
Book review of Dominique Casajus, Fabio Viti, eds, Le terre et le pouvoir. Ă la mĂ©moire de Michel Izard, Paris, Cnrs Ăditions, pp. 2012, IV, 307.Recensione di Dominique Casajus, Fabio Viti, eds, Le terre et le pouvoir. Ă la mĂ©moire de Michel Izard, Paris, Cnrs Ăditions, pp. 2012, IV, 307
Alessandra Gribaldo, Unexpected subjects: Intimate partner violence, testimony, and the law, Chicago, HAU Books, 2021, pp. 148
Book review of Alessandra Gribaldo, Unexpected subjects: Intimate partner violence, testimony, and the law, Chicago, HAU Books, 2021, pp. 148.Recensione di Alessandra Gribaldo, Unexpected subjects: Intimate partner violence, testimony, and the law, Chicago, HAU Books, 2021, pp. 148
Anita Jacobson-Widding, Chapungu : The Bird that Never Drops a Feather. Male and Female Identities in an African Society
Issu dâune enquĂȘte sur le terrain dans la province du Manicaland, au Zimbabwe, et attestant dâune remarquable Ă©rudition thĂ©orique, cet ouvrage important sâinscrit dans le courant des Ă©tudes anglo-saxonnes qui, Ă partir des annĂ©es 1980, se sont consacrĂ©es à « lâanthropologie du moi » et de lâidentitĂ©. Toutefois, la dĂ©marche de lâauteur sâen dĂ©tache grĂące Ă une perspective originale sur lâidentitĂ© de genre et une conception des relations entre personne, individualitĂ© et structure sociale ancrĂ©e..
Valentina Lusini, Destinazione mondo. Forme e politiche dellâalteritĂ nellâarte contemporanea, Verona, Ombre Corte, 2013, pp. 191
Book review of Valentina Lusini, Destinazione mondo. Forme e politiche dellâalteritĂ nellâarte contemporanea, Verona, Ombre Corte, 2013, pp. 191.Recensione del libro di Valentina Lusini, Destinazione mondo. Forme e politiche dellâalteritĂ nellâarte contemporanea, Verona, Ombre Corte, 2013, pp. 191
Espaces publics de la parole et pratiques de la citoyenneté en Afrique
LâidĂ©e de ce dossierâŻest nĂ©e du constat de ce dĂ©veloppement tous azimuts dâune politique de la rue non seulement en Afrique subsaharienne mais aussi sur dâautres continents oĂč lâon a assistĂ© Ă un fort investissement de lâespace urbain, notamment Ă lâoccasion des « printemps arabes » et des crises financiĂšres occidentales. De lâautre cĂŽtĂ© du Sahara, en effet, lâoccupation de la place Tahrir au Caire et son rĂŽle central dans la dynamique et la symbolique rĂ©volutionnaires encouragent Ă©galement Ă examiner les modes dâoccupation politique de lâespace urbain et ses dimensions dĂ©libĂ©ratives. En AmĂ©rique latine, le phĂ©nomĂšne dâoccupation des places publiques y est plus ancien. Ailleurs, en GrĂšce, en Espagne, en IsraĂ«l, aux Ătats-Unis surtout, les mouvements « Occupy », inspirĂ©s par Tahrir, semblent Ă©galement illustrer lâĂ©mergence (ou la rĂ©Ă©mergence) dâun mode dâinvestissement politique de la rue par des moyens autres que la marche ou la manifestation, impliquant non plus seulement la mise en scĂšne dâune dĂ©monstration de force, mais aussi lâouverture dâespaces de sociabilitĂ© donnant la primautĂ© Ă la discussion politique..
Underwater Acoustic Sensors Based on Fiber Bragg Gratings
We report on recent results obtained with a fiber optic hydrophone based on the intensity modulation of the laser light in a FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) under the influence of the sound pressure. In order to control the behavior of the hydrophone in terms of sensitivity and bandwidth, FBGs have been coated with proper materials, characterized by different elastic modulus and shapes. In particular, new experiments have been carried out using a cylindrical geometry with two different coating, showing that the sensitivity is not influenced by the shape but by the transversal dimension and the material characteristics of the coating
Progressive skin fibrosis is associated with a decline in lung function and worse survival in patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis in the European Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) cohort.
Objectives To determine whether progressive skin fibrosis is associated with visceral organ progression and mortality during follow-up in patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc). Methods We evaluated patients from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research database with dcSSc, baseline modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) â„7, valid mRSS at 12±3 months after baseline and â„1 annual follow-up visit. Progressive skin fibrosis was defined as an increase in mRSS >5 and â„25% from baseline to 12±3 months. Outcomes were pulmonary, cardiovascular and renal progression, and all-cause death. Associations between skin progression and outcomes were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariable Cox regression. Results Of 1021 included patients, 78 (7.6%) had progressive skin fibrosis (skin progressors). Median follow-up was 3.4 years. Survival analyses indicated that skin progressors had a significantly higher probability of FVC decline â„10% (53.6% vs 34.4%; p<0.001) and all-cause death (15.4% vs 7.3%; p=0.003) than non-progressors. These significant associations were also found in subgroup analyses of patients with either low baseline mRSS (â€22/51) or short disease duration (â€15 months). In multivariable analyses, skin progression within 1 year was independently associated with FVC decline â„10% (HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.65) and all-cause death (HR 2.58, 95% CI 1.31 to 5.09). Conclusions Progressive skin fibrosis within 1 year is associated with decline in lung function and worse survival in dcSSc during follow-up. These results confirm mRSS as a surrogate marker in dcSSc, which will be helpful for cohort enrichment in future trials and risk stratification in clinical practice
Racial differences in systemic sclerosis disease presentation: a European Scleroderma Trials and Research group study
Objectives. Racial factors play a significant role in SSc. We evaluated differences in SSc presentations between white patients (WP), Asian patients (AP) and black patients (BP) and analysed the effects of geographical locations.Methods. SSc characteristics of patients from the EUSTAR cohort were cross-sectionally compared across racial groups using survival and multiple logistic regression analyses.Results. The study included 9162 WP, 341 AP and 181 BP. AP developed the first non-RP feature faster than WP but slower than BP. AP were less frequently anti-centromere (ACA; odds ratio (OR) = 0.4, P < 0.001) and more frequently anti-topoisomerase-I autoantibodies (ATA) positive (OR = 1.2, P = 0.068), while BP were less likely to be ACA and ATA positive than were WP [OR(ACA) = 0.3, P < 0.001; OR(ATA) = 0.5, P = 0.020]. AP had less often (OR = 0.7, P = 0.06) and BP more often (OR = 2.7, P < 0.001) diffuse skin involvement than had WP.AP and BP were more likely to have pulmonary hypertension [OR(AP) = 2.6, P < 0.001; OR(BP) = 2.7, P = 0.03 vs WP] and a reduced forced vital capacity [OR(AP) = 2.5, P < 0.001; OR(BP) = 2.4, P < 0.004] than were WP. AP more often had an impaired diffusing capacity of the lung than had BP and WP [OR(AP vs BP) = 1.9, P = 0.038; OR(AP vs WP) = 2.4, P < 0.001]. After RP onset, AP and BP had a higher hazard to die than had WP [hazard ratio (HR) (AP) = 1.6, P = 0.011; HR(BP) = 2.1, P < 0.001].Conclusion. Compared with WP, and mostly independent of geographical location, AP have a faster and earlier disease onset with high prevalences of ATA, pulmonary hypertension and forced vital capacity impairment and higher mortality. BP had the fastest disease onset, a high prevalence of diffuse skin involvement and nominally the highest mortality
Does the impact of COVID-19 on patients with systemic sclerosis change over time?
Objective: The outcome of patients with COVID-19 improved over the pandemic, including patients with systemic rheumatic diseases. However, data on patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) are lacking. This study aimed to assess the outcome of patients with both SSc and COVID-19 over several waves. Methods: Patients with both SSc and COVID-19 who were registered in the European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR) were collected between April 2020 and April 2021. Patients were assigned to waves 1, 2, or 3 depending on the date of their COVID-19 diagnosis. Primary endpoints were death, intensive care unit stay, or ventilatory support (severe outcome). Subgroup analyses of patients who were hospitalized or died were conducted. General and SSc-specific characteristics and treatment were compared over the waves. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were applied. Results: A total of 333 patients were included; 57 patients (17%) had a severe outcome, and 30 patients (9%) died. Compared to wave 1, significantly fewer patients with SSc suffered from severe COVID-19 in waves 2 and 3 (28.2% vs 9.8% and 12.7%; P < 0.001), fewer patients required hospitalization (46.7% vs 19.6% and 25.5%; P < 0.001) or ventilatory support (24.0% vs 8.7% and 10.9%; P = 0.001), and fewer patients died (15.7% vs 5.0% and 7.5%; P = 0.011). Patients were significantly younger, more often men, had less frequent arterial hypertension, and less SSc cardiac involvement over waves 1 to 3. Patients received significantly less medium to high doses of corticosteroids as they did SSc treatment. Conclusion: The outcome of patients with both SSc and COVID-19 improved significantly over time because of intrinsic and extrinsic factors
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