790 research outputs found
Transient Cherenkov radiation from an inhomogeneous string excited by an ultrashort laser pulse at superluminal velocity
An optical response of one-dimensional string made of dipoles with a
periodically varying density excited by a spot of light moving along the string
at the superluminal (sub-luminal) velocity is theoretically studied. The
Cherenkov radiation in such system is rather unusual, possessing both transient
and resonant character. We show that under certain conditions, in addition to
the resonant Cherenkov peak another Doppler-like frequency appears in the
radiation spectrum. Both linear (small-signal) and nonlinear regimes as well as
different string topologies are considered.Comment: accepted to Phys. Rev.
Generation of unipolar half-cycle pulse via unusual reflection of a single-cycle pulse from an optically thin metallic or dielectric layer
We present a significantly different reflection process from an optically
thin flat metallic or dielectric layer and propose a strikingly simple method
to form approximately unipolar half-cycle optical pulses via reflection of a
single-cycle optical pulse. Unipolar pulses in reflection arise due to
specifics of effectively one-dimensional pulse propagation. Namely, we show
that in considered system the field emitted by a flat medium layer is
proportional to the velocity of oscillating medium charges instead of their
acceleration as it is usually the case. When the single-cycle pulse interacts
with linear optical medium, the oscillation velocity of medium charges can be
then forced to keep constant sign throughout the pulse duration. Our results
essentially differ from the direct mirror reflection and suggest a possibility
of unusual transformations of the few-cycle light pulses in linear optical
systems
Self-starting stable coherent mode-locking in a two-section laser
Coherent mode-locking (CML) uses self-induced transparency (SIT) soliton
formation to achieve, in contrast to conventional schemes based on absorption
saturation, the pulse durations below the limit allowed by the gain line width.
Despite of the great promise it is difficult to realize it experimentally
because a complicated setup is required. In all previous theoretical
considerations CML is believed to be non-self-starting. In this article we show
that if the cavity length is selected properly, a very stable (CML) regime can
be realized in an elementary two-section ring-cavity geometry, and this regime
is self-developing from the non-lasing state. The stability of the pulsed
regime is the result of a dynamical stabilization mechanism arising due to
finite-cavity-size effects
Automated Information Systems as a New Approach to Risk Management of Pharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a fairly common disease which challenges social life, therefore the use of information systems and software to support patients with epilepsy is a promising trend in electronic and mobile medicine. The aim of the study was to analyse data on the existing information systems, devices, and mobile applications used to support patients with epilepsy and control risks associated with pharmacotherapy, and to assess the prospects for the development of information systems to support patients with epilepsy. The results of an advanced search and systematisation of literature and Internet data suggest a high demand for mobile and e-health. Mobile applications for patients with epilepsy have a large share of e-health tools. The applications help to monitor seizures, record the frequency of taking medications, receive advice on emergency treatment of seizures, adjust the dosage regimen, and, in general, help to reduce the risks of anticonvulsant therapy, increase patient compliance and the competence of the participants in the treatment process. The analysis of the convenience and functionality of the foreign-produced mobile applications: Epilepsy Journal, Seizure Tracker, Helpilepsy, Seizure First Aide, did not reveal any significant differences between them. The following shortcomings of the mobile applications were identified: lack of Russian language support (except Epilepsy Journal), lack of advertisement blocking options in free applications, incomplete use of video recording capabilities and location-based systems. Global trends in the development of mobile medicine suggest the need for Russian-produced software that would address the identified shortcomings of the existing foreign applications and help support patients with epilepsy
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