The effect of flexibility in working hours on fertility: A comparative analysis of selected european countries

The main aim of this paper is to measure the extent to which part-time work enhances fertility for married or cohabiting women of fertile age. The study covers eleven European countries. The data used are a pool sample of five waves of the European Community Household Panel. Given that we believe that the decisions concerning fertility and labor market status are taken jointly, we carry out a simultaneous estimation approach. Results suggest that policy makers wishing to implement adequate part-time schedules so as to enhance fertility should look at the part-time schedules available in Belgium, Ireland and The Netherlands, which enhance fertility for women who take advantage of this flexibility measure so as to reconcile family and work.fertility, comparative analysis, simultaneous estimation, part time work

La Dimensión como Estrategia Empresarial

This paper analyzes the possible differences in the economic-financial situation of family organizations based on the business dimension. Then, we focus our analysis on SMEs to analyse the influence of the dimension in their performance. For this, information belonging to a large sample composed of 21,149 family businesses and 5,737 non-family businesses in Spain corresponding to the period 2003–2015 is studied. The conclusions obtained show that, although the increase in the dimension of the family organizations is positively related to their performance, there are limits beyond which the value of certain economic-financial indicators can be negatively affected. This behavior is not observed in non-family businesses.Este trabajo analiza las posibles diferencias existentes en la situación económico-financiera de las empresas familiares en función de la dimensión empresarial. Seguidamente, centrando nuestro análisis en las pymes, analizamos la influencia que ejerce la dimensión en su desempeño. Para ello, se estudia información perteneciente a una amplia muestra formada por 21149 empresas familiares y 5737 no familiares españolas correspondiente al periodo 2003-2015. Las conclusiones obtenidas muestran que, a pesar de que el aumento de la dimensión de la empresa familiar está relacionado positivamente con su desempeño, existen unos límites a partir de los cuales el valor de determinados indicadores económico-financieros puede verse afectado negativamente, a diferencia de lo observado para las empresas no familiares

The effect of flexibility in working hours on fertility: A comparative analysis of selected european countries

The main aim of this paper is to measure the extent to which part-time work enhances fertility for married or cohabiting women of fertile age. The study covers eleven European countries. The data used are a pool sample of five waves of the European Community Household Panel. Given that we believe that the decisions concerning fertility and labor market status are taken jointly, we carry out a simultaneous estimation approach. Results suggest that policy makers wishing to implement adequate part-time schedules so as to enhance fertility should look at the part-time schedules available in Belgium, Ireland and The Netherlands, which enhance fertility for women who take advantage of this flexibility measure so as to reconcile family and work.The authors acknowledge the financial help received from the FFBVA (1/BBVA 00044.321- 15467/2002), and Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture (BEC2000-1394). Alfredo Ariza is very grateful to ECASS (European Centre for Analysis in Social Sciences) at the ISER of Essex

Influencia de la Razón Social en el Desempeño Económico de las Empresas Familiares: Análisis en Función de la Etapa Generacional

A family identity of a firm, exhibited by the presence of the family name in the business name, can influence the value of economic profitability. The present analysis also explores if this relationship varies depending on the size and the generation running the business. The sample used to conduct this study comprises a panel data set of 21,149 Spanish family firms containing information from 2003 to 2015, which translates into a balanced database including 274,937 observations. For analysis purposes, the firms are classified into small, medium-sized and large ones. Contrary to the competitive advantages brought about by the family identity of the businesses highlighted by previous research, the current study suggests its negative effects on the profitability of small and medium-sized family firms. This effect is more acute when the company is managed by its founding generation. The findings in the case of large family firms indicate that the company name does not have an impact upon economic profitability.La identidad familiar de la empresa, manifestada a través de la presencia del nombre familiar en su razón social, puede influenciar el valor de su rentabilidad económica. Se analiza si esta relación varía en función de la dimensión empresarial, así como de la etapa generacional a cargo de la organización. La muestra objeto de análisis está compuesta por pequeñas, medianas y grandes empresas familiares. El estudio contempla un extenso panel de datos con información de 21149 empresas familiares españolas desde el año 2003 hasta el 2015, obteniendo una base de datos equilibrada compuesta por 274937 observaciones. Contrariamente a las ventajas competitivas señaladas por investigaciones anteriores, el presente estudio señala un efecto negativo de la identidad familiar de la organización sobre la rentabilidad de las pymes familiares. Este efecto es más acentuado cuando la organización es gestionada por la generación fundadora. Los resultados en el caso de las empresas de mayor dimensión indican que tener una razón social familiar no influye sobre el valor de la rentabilidad económica

Integrating cognitive contents in Physical Education classes: Effects on cognitive variables and emotional intelligence

The aim was to analyse the effect of a 4-week programme integrating cognitive contents in Physical Education (CogniPE) on cognitive performance (CP) and emotional intelligence (EI) of adolescents. A randomised controlled trial was conducted with a control group (CG, n=58), which performed physical exercises at low intensity (i.e., stretching or pilates), an experimental group 1, which performed small-sided games of team sports (EG1, n=62), and experimental group 2, which performed CogniPE (EG2, n=60). Intensity of exercises and scores were registered after each station to classify and motivate the teams. Selective attention and concentration increased by 11.9% and 9.2% in EG1, and by 18.2% and 14.4% in EG2, respectively, compared to CG. Mathematical calculation improved by 15.9% and 18.7% in EG1 and EG2, compared to CG. In EI, well-being improved by 10.9% in EG1, sociability improved by 12.8% in EG1 and 15.9% in EG2 compared to CG. It is concluded to use CogniPE in school context

ANÁLISIS FITOQUÍMICO DE CINCO ESPECIES NATIVAS DE LAS ZONAS RURALES DE BOGOTÁ D.C. (COLOMBIA)

El conocimiento de la composición fitoquími-ca de la flora nativa, está asociado al entendimiento de sus propiedades y potencialidades industriales, medicinales, artesanales, entre otros. Considerando esto, se determinó la presencia de los principales grupos de metabolitos secundarios, ligados a la actividad biológica de las especies como lo son: alcaloides, saponinas, cumarinas, taninos, esteroides y/o triterpenoides, quinonas, glicosidos cardiotónicos, y flavonoides; en Alnus acuminata Kunth., Morella parvifolia Parra-O., Myrcianthes leucoxyla McVaugh., Piper bogotense C.DC., Tibouchina lepidota Baill. y Vallea stipularis L.f. ; especies nativas de las zonas rurales de Bogotá; a través de un análisis fitoquímico preliminar de carácter cualitativo con base en el protocolo de Sanabria (1983).La caracterización permitió definir una presencia abundante de taninos y cumarinas en hojas y tallos de las especies, mientras que glicósidos cardiotónicos, esteroides y/o triterpenos, saponinas, quinonas y alcaloides mostraron ausencia a presencia leve para todas las especies menos el Alnus acuminata Kunth.; así mismo, el Piper bogotense C.DC presento ausencia de todos los metabolitos secundarios. Los resultados de esta investigación permitieron establecer en términos de presencia para cada especie los compuestos existentes en las mismas y con ello dar una aproximación al conocimiento fitoquímico de las especies

Single and joint effects of cadmium and selenium on bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and metabolomic responses in the clam Scrobicularia plana

Selenium (Se) is a vital trace element for many living organisms inclusive of aquatic species. Although the antagonistic action of this element against other pollutants has been previously described for mammals and birds, limited information on the join effects in bivalves is available. To this end, bivalves of the species Scrobicularia plana were exposed to Se and Cd individually and jointly. Digestive glands were analysed to determine dose-dependent effects, the potential influence of Se on Cd bioaccumulationas well as the possible recover of the oxidative stress and metabolic alterations induced by Cd. Selenium co-exposure decreased the accumulation of Cd at low concentrations. Cd exposure significantly altered the metabolome of clams such as aminoacyltRNA biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid and amino acid metabolism, while Se co-exposure ameliorated several altered metabolites such asLysoPC (14:0), LysoPE (20:4), LysoPE (22:6), PE (14:0/18:0), PE (20:3/18:4) andpropionyl-Lcarnitine. Additionally, Se seems to be able to regulate the redox status of the digestive gland of clams preventing the induction of oxidativedamage in this organ. This study shows the potential Se antagonism against Cd toxicity in S. plana and the importance to study join effects of pollutants to understand the mechanism underlined the effects.This study has been carried out within the research projects (CTM2012-38720-C03-03 and CTM2016-75908-R) founded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, who also provided a pre-doc grant for Chiara Trombini (BES-2013-063426), and the project PGC-2018- 096608-B-C21 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and innovation (MCIN). (Generaci´on del Conocimiento. MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033/FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa”). Authors are grateful to FEDER (European Community) for financial support, Grant UNHU13-1E-1611. Rodríguez-Moro, G. thanks to Plan Andaluz de Investigaci´on, Desarrollo e Innovaci´on (PAIDI 2020) and European Union for a post-doctoral grant (DOC_01115). Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBUA

Antagonistic Interaction of Selenium and Cadmium in Human Hepatic Cells Through Selenoproteins

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal for humans and animals, which is associated with acute hepatotoxicity. Selenium (Se) confers protection against Cd-induced toxicity in cells, diminishing the levels of ROS and increasing the activity of antioxidant selenoproteins such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The aim of this study was to evaluate the antagonistic effect of selenomethionine (SeMet) against Cd toxicity in HepG2 cells, through the modulation of selenoproteins. To this end, the cells were cultured in the presence of 100 µM SeMet and 5 µM, 15 µM, and 25 µM CdCl2 and a combination of both species for 24 h. At the end of the experiment, cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The total metal content of Cd and Se was analyzed by triple-quadrupole inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-QqQ-MS). To quantify the concentration of three selenoproteins [GPx, selenoprotein P (SELENOP), and selenoalbumin (SeAlb)] and selenometabolites, an analytical methodology based on column switching and a species-unspecific isotopic dilution approach using two-dimensional size exclusion and affinity chromatography coupled to ICP-QqQ-MS was applied. The co-exposure of SeMet and Cd in HepG2 cells enhanced the cell viability and diminished the Cd accumulation in cells. Se supplementation increased the levels of selenometabolites, GPx, SELENOP, and SeAlb; however, the presence of Cd resulted in a significant diminution of selenometabolites and SELENOP. These results suggested that SeMet may affect the accumulation of Cd in cells, as well as the suppression of selenoprotein synthesis induced by Cd.This work was supported by the projects PG2018-096608-B-C21 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO). SR-A thanks the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for a PhD scholarship (BES-2016-076364). The authors are grateful to FEDER (European Community) for financial support, grant UNHU13-1E-1611

Quimioembolización en el hepatocarcinoma

Introducción: El hepatocarcinoma (HCC) se define como la neoplasia maligna primaria del hígado más frecuente, con origen en los hepatocitos, siendo una causa importante de muerte a nivel mundial. Las estrategias de tratamiento varían en función del estadio de la enfermedad, de la función hepática y de las comorbilidades del paciente. En esta revisión nos centraremos en la quimioembolización transarterial (TACE) como arma terapéutica empleada en pacientes con HCC en estadio intermedio (BCLC; Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer). Objetivo: Valorar la supervivencia de los pacientes con hepatocarcinoma tratado con quimioembolización transarterial en el Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa (HCU) en el periodo comprendido entre febrero de 2010 y mayo de 2015. Material y métodos: Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica del HCC y de la TACE, así como revisión de la base de datos del Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa de 38 pacientes con HCC tratados con quimioembolización transarterial, valorando la supervivencia de los mismos y la respuesta al tratamiento mediante pruebas de imagen. Resultados: 38 pacientes recibieron quimioembolización transarterial en el HCU entre febrero de 2010 y mayo de 2015. La etiología más frecuente de la cirrosis fue VHC+ (47,4%). El diagnóstico de HCC se realizó mediante pruebas no invasivas (angioTAC) en el 81,58% de los pacientes. El número mínimo de sesiones de TACE fue 1 y un 50% de los pacientes (19/38) habían recibido terapia complementaria a la TACE. Tras la segunda TACE, se valoró la respuesta al tratamiento mediante los criterios mRECIST (modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors), contando con un total de 33 pacientes, obteniéndose en un 34,1% una respuesta completa. En aquellos pacientes que recibieron más de 2 TACEs (27), se produjo remisión completa en el 25%. La supervivencia fue mayor en aquellos pacientes que recibieron 2 o más de 2 TACEs respecto a los que recibieron 1 sola sesión (Log-Rank 0,018). Se apreciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la supervivencia de los pacientes que se sometieron a TACE como tratamiento único (Log-Rank 0,018) o TACE más TOH (Trasplante Ortotópico Hepático) (Log-Rank 0,011) respecto a los que recibieron TACE junto con tratamiento ablativo. Conclusiones: La TACE mejora la supervivencia de los pacientes en estadio B de la BCLC o estadio A no candidatos a cirugía ni ablación y ayuda a evitar la progresión de la enfermedad en aquellos que se encuentran en lista de espera para TOH

Tratamiento endovascular en la enfermedad arterial periférica: lesiones femoropoplíteas tipo TASC C-D.

Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo realizado en el Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa. Su objetivo primario es valorar la eficacia clínica de la revascularización mediante ATP con colocación de stents Astron Pulsar. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras 12 meses de seguimiento de 94 pacientes con lesiones femoropoplíteas TASC C y D tratados mediante técnicas endovasculares. Los datos se recogieron en el periodo comprendido entre el 2 de Febrero del 2010 y el 5 de Marzo del 2015. Los pacientes eran en su mayoría varones con pluripatología (hipertensos, dislipémicos, diabéticos, fumadores...). Todos ellos sintomáticos, presentando un estadio III o superior de la escala clínica de Rutherford. El ITB medio presentado mejoró del 0,55 al inicio hasta 0,94 al mes de realizar la repermeabilización y el 98% de los pacientes pasaron a estar asintomáticos. Al finalizar el seguimiento la cifra de asintomáticos era del 88%. Existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la evolución de la enfermedad entre pacientes sanos y pacientes con diabetes. Los resultados confirman que la terapia endovascular a corto plazo es eficaz en el tratamiento de la clínica de los pacientes con EAP. __________________________________________________________________________________________ This study is a retrospective descriptive trial conducted in Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa. The main endpoint of the study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of revascularization by PTA- stenting Astron Pulsar. This manuscript reports the findings of 12-month follow-up time in 94 patients with femoropopliteal TASC C-D lesions treated by endovascular techniques. Data were collected during the period from February 2, 2010 to March 5, 2015. Patients were mostly pluripatological men with hypertension , dyslipidemia , diabetes , smoking... All patients were symptomatic with a Rutherford stage III or higher .The average ITB presented improved from 0.55 at baseline to 0.94 at first month after the endovascular treatment and 98 % of the patients became asymptomatic. At the end of the monitoring, the 88% of patients were asyntomatic. There is a statistically significant difference in disease progression between healthy patients and patients with diabetes. The results confirm that endovascular short-term therapy is effective in treating clinical patients with PAD