Analysis of ceramic wall materials based on fusible clays with the addition of zeolite-containing rocks

© 2016, International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. All rights reserved.At present day a high level of power consumption of manufacturing says an actual problem of Russian economic and industry in general. Furthermore, in residential construction, along with requirements of power effectiveness of ceramic items, are mandatory stated requirements for high values of their strength characteristics. Combination of such properties anticipates the application of fusible clays as a basis for production of energy-effective ceramic bricks with addition of modifiers creating pore space. In this article the impact of ZCR of Tatar-Shatrashanskoe deposit on fusible clay of Sakharovskoe deposit is researched. The following methods were applied in course of research: roentgen-phase analysis (diffractometer XRD-7000S (Shimadzu, Japan); diffractometer D2 Phaser (Brucker, Germany)), electronic-microscopical analysis (microscope EVO-50XVP), thermal analysis (derivatograph Q-1500D), measuring of physical characteristics (press ПМГ – 500 МГК 4 CКБ, Stroypribor, Russia, etc.) Behavior of fusible clay of Sakharovskoe deposit with increase of burning temperature up to 1050°C was researched. At burning temperature of 1050°C was observed growth of share of quartz, hematite and significant increase of share of amorphous phase from 35 to 45% in burned samples. According to thermal researches on derivatograph Q-1500D is established that in temperature interval of 25 - 200°C, the loss of mass of ZCR of Tatar-Shatrashanskoe deposit is 2.9 %, in temperature interval of 200 - 600°C – 2.88 %, in temperature interval of 600 - 850°C – 12.0 %, general mass loss in temperature interval of 50 - 100°C is 17.86 %. For samples received on basis of clay of Sakharovskoe deposit with addition of ZCR of Tatar-Shatrashanskoe deposit is detected that at burning temperature of 1050°C the 5% addition of SCR causes a slight growth of strength by comparison with a pure clay sample at comparatively low density. At studying of phase composition of samples burned at temperature of 1050°C was recorded a 2 times growth of share of amorphous phase with increasing of addition of ZCR of Tatar-Shatrashanskoe deposit from 5 to 10%. Correlation of strength characteristic from composition of mineral phases formed in result of burning is established. The received data can be used in production of energy effective ceramic items

Local magnetic identification and characterization of superconducting graphite interfaces at room temperature

Introduction. Defect-induced superconductivity is an important phenomenon manifested in triggering the superconducting state due to defects and disorder in the material lattice. Promising materials for this investigation are carbon-based. Josephson behavior has been reported in 1974 for a disordered graphite powder, which is considered to be the first hint of a room temperature graphite-based superconductor. Theoretical and experimental studies support the idea that certain two-dimensional stacking faults (SFs) in the semiconducting matrix contribute to the granular superconducting-like behavior of graphene-based materials. Hints for the existence of high-temperature superconductivity at certain SFs in graphite were demonstrated. This phenomenon is considered to be caused by flat band regions at the SF. Especially the SFs between Bernal and rhombohedral stacking orders (without any twist angle around the common c-axis) have the largest probability to show robust superconductivity due to an extended and robust flat band behavior. In this work, a permanent current path in graphite, after the application of a magnetic field, is investigated to show clear evidence for the existence of room temperature superconductivity (RTS). Preliminary results for the existence of such permanent current path were obtained with magnetic force microscopy (MFM) and published a few years ago. Thus, the objectives of this work are to investigate trapped magnetic flux with magnetic force microscopy, to reveal the reasons for the difficulties of finding such permanent current path in the remanent state of the sample and to give an additional hints to the semiconducting behavior and energy gaps of an ideal graphite using a new PF-TUNA method. Summary. The experimental pre-characterization of graphite samples was conducted using XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The spectra show well-ordered structure of the samples with a sufficient content of the rhombohedral phase. The grounded samples were examined with PF-TUNA mode at bias voltages applied between the conductive tip and the sample surface. The samples with Bernal phase and with mixed phases showed semiconductor-like behavior. Using the semiconductor model, the obtained simulations of registered I-V curves could estimate the energy gap in a range from 12 to 37 meV. This is in a good agreement with the values of energy gaps, observed in transport measurements. Additionally, the shift in the position of the minimum of the tunneling conductance was explained by the tip-induced band bending. The results of this thesis confirm the existence of the peak in the density of states, that is correlated to the flat band in a sufficiently thick multigraphene flake with a 3R stacking order (thickness should be much greater than 3 nm to observe it) at room temperature and the existence of the trapped magnetic flux, expulsed by the weakly coupled superconducting patches in the natural graphite sample. The trapped flux was identified and examined by MFM measurements at the surface of natural graphite sample in the remanent state. Therefore, we successfully reproduced the results reported in and performed field and time dependent measurements, that prove the superconducting origin of this phenomena. The modeling of the MFM signal was done according to the monopole tip approximation. The value of the permanent current was estimated in the range of 0.2 μA to 6 μA, which is consistent with literature. An accidental scratch on the sample surface allowed us to estimate the depth of the aforementioned superconducting patches, ≲ 10 nm, and gave additional evidence to its origin by changing the route due to the superconducting patches nearby. This investigation provides hints for room temperature superconductivity at certain SFs in graphite and clarifies the reasons for the difficulties of the trapped flux identification in graphite. Further research should be focus on the identification of the permanent currents by MFM at lower temperatures. Moreover, it would be helpful to understand, how to artificially produce extended SFs. Finally, it should be noted, that additional measurements should be performed in order to clarify the field dependence of trapped magnetic flux in graphite and the role of Pearl vortices. Collaboration and External Contributions. This work was conducted under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Pablo Esquinazi, Felix-Bloch-Institute for solid state physics, Division of Superconductivity and Magnetism, University of Leipzig. STEM images were made by Dr. W. Bölmann, University of Leipzig. X-ray diffraction was made by Mr. O. Baehre and Mr. T. Muenster at Institute of Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science at the University of Leipzig. The Raman spectra were recorded by Mr. Tom Venus and Dr. Irina Estrela-Lopis, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig. The natural graphite samples from Brazil were provided by Prof. Dr. Ana Melva Champi Farfan from Universidade Federal do ABC in Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The natural graphite from Sri-Lanka by Mr. Henning Beth from Golden Bowerbird Pty Ltd. in Mullumbimby, Australia. The magnetoresistance measurement of a natural graphite sample from Sri-Lanka was performed by Dr. Christian E. Precker, AIMEN Technology Centre, Smart Systems and Smart Manufacturing, Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics Laboratory, PI. Cataboi, Pontevedra, Spain. The calculations, related to modeling of the tunneling current based on the tip-induced band bending, were performed by Dr. Michael Schnedler, Peter Gruenberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Juelich

Financial position of Haanja parish 2011–2015

Bakalaureusetöö Maamajandusliku ettevõtluse ja finantsjuhtimise õppekavalFinantsanalüüs on finantsjuhtimise oluline osa, mille läbiviimine võimaldab hinnata organisatsiooni möödunud, käesoleva ja tulevikus oodatava finantsolukorra. Käesoleva töö eesmärgiks on hinnata Haanja valla finantsseisundit aastatel 2011–2015. Töö teoreetilises osas anti eesti- ja võõrkeelsele erialasele kirjandusele tuginedes ülevaade organisatsiooni finantsanalüüsist, selle eesmärgist ja meetoditest ning kohaliku omavalitsuse spetsiifikast finantsanalüüsi teostamisel. Töö empiirilises osas teostati Haanja valla tulemiaruande ja bilansi horisontaal- ja vertikaalanalüüs ning suhtarvude analüüs tuginedes Haanja valla majandusaasta aruannetele. Haanja valla finantsanalüüsist selgus, et kohaliku omavalitsuse finantsseisundi hindamise olulised näitajad – põhitegevuse tulem ja netovõlakoormus vastavad vallas seaduses toodud nõuetele 2011–2015 aastatel. Vaadeldaval perioodil esines Haanja vallas raskusi lühiajaliste võlgnevuste õigeaegsel tasumisel. Valla juhtkond peaks pöörama rohkem tähelepanu likviidsusele. Lisaks aastatel 2014–2015 ületasid valla kulud tulusid, valla juhtkond peab jälgima, et tulud ei sõltuks ühest allikast.Financial analysis is a major part of financial management, which allows organisation to evaluate previous, current and prospective financial situation. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the financial situation of Haanja parish in the year of 2011–2015. The theoretical part of the research overviews Estonian and foreign professional literature, supported by a review of the organisational financial analysis, its aims and methods, and specifics of finanacial analysis of local government. The empirical part of the research contains a horisontal and vertical analysis of Haanja parish income statement, balance and ratio analysis, based on Haanja parish annual reports. The financial analysis of Haanja parish showed that the key indicators of evaluation of local government finanacial situation – surplus from operating activities and net indebtedness in 2011–2015 – comply with the requirements of the law. Over the reviewed period, Haanja parish experienced difficulties in due payment of the short-term liabilities. The parish administration should pay more attention to the liquidity. Besides, the parish expenditures in 2014–2015 exceeded income, the parish administration should supervise that income does not depend on a single source

Draft genome sequence of 'Cohnella kolymensis' B-2846

A draft genome sequence of "Cohnella kolymensis" strain B-2846 was derived using IonTorrent sequencing technology. The size of the assembly and G+C content were in agreement with those of other species of this genus. Characterization of the genome of a novel species of Cohnella will assist in bacterial systematics

The Term Razlichiye in the First Slavic Grammars: Signification and Denotation Issues

The article is devoted to the analysis of the term razlichiye functioning in the first Slavic grammars. The research is based on the data contained in the works of Laurentiy Zizaniy and Meletius Smotrytsky, as well as in some later grammatical descriptions. On the basis of etymological, motivational and orienting analyzes, the ratio of denotative and significative components in the structure of the term, which in the first native grammars functioned as razlichiye, was identified. The review of theoretical research papers on the issue is introduced. The variability of the term usage resulting from the studied exponent signification and denotation ambiguity has been revealed. At the opening phase of the formation of grammatical terminology, reflected in the grammars of the Church Slavonic language in the 16 th – 17 th centuries the linguistic personality of grammarians, the cultural context of the era are proved to play an important role. The authors conclude that introducing the term razlichiye in the description of the Church Slavonic grammatical structure was the first step towards understanding the relational meaning of flexion as a morpheme. A comparative analysis of the term and its equivalents functioning in the grammars of ancient Greek, Latin, and Slavic languages has been performed. It was found that the interpretation of the medieval understanding of the term razlichiye as one of the parts of speech is recognized by the majority of modern researchers, but different assumptions are made about the significative and denotative correlation of the term (indicative-relative pronouns or articles). It is assumed that the signification of the term razlichiye in its modern interpretation can be explained as follows: it is a rudimentary inflectional category of syncretic (part-of-speech-and-affixal) nature, embodied in the forms of pronouns i, ja, e. The denotation of the term razlichiye is a transitional phenomenon between the realities corresponding to a definite article, an indicative-relative pronoun and an inflection

Whole-genome sequencing of Xanthomonadaceae strain Alg18-2.2, isolated from the Saline Lake Gudzhirganskoe in the Republic of Buryatia, Russia

A draft genome sequence of the bacterial isolate Alg18-2.2, recovered from the highly saline and alkaline lake Gudzhirganskoe (Buryatia, Russia), was determined. The results of bacterial identification using 16S rRNA gene sequence and whole-genome analyses suggest that the bacterium belongs to a novel genus. Some genomic features are discussed here

Study of ceramics color development on the basis of Nizhneuvelsky kaolin clay

© 2018 BRNSS Publication Hub. All rights reserved. Aim: They analyzed the influence of iron-containing phases on the ceramics color development made of Kaolin clay of Nizhneuvelsky deposit. Materials and Methods: The result of the complex application of modern study methods - thermal, electron microscopic, radiographic, Mossbauer, optical - it was established that the change of kaolin clay calcination temperature from 1000°C to 1200°C leads to the increase of L* luminance from 75 to 79 NBS units (National Bureau of Standards, USA), which correlates with the analysis of Mössbauer spectra, reflecting the decrease of the strongly staining phase of hematite. The crystallization of the mullite mineral is the consequence of ceramics clarification process based on Kaolin clay with the calcination temperature increase from 1000°C to 1200°C. Results: It was found that the absorption bands in the calcined clay of the Nizhneuvelsk deposit with the wavelengths of 432 and 480 nm, baked at 1000°C, are associated with spin-forbidden transitions 6A1 (6S) →4A14E (4G) in Fe3+ ions that have an octahedral environment. Conclusion: It was found that Fe3+ ions could produce the absorption lines at the wavelengths of 432 and 480 nm, only being in the structure of mullite. At 1200°C, the partial amorphization of the mineral composition of clay takes place, which leads to the averaging and broadening of the absorption band in the area of 400–550 nm

Processes occurring during the manufacture of form based on magnesite oxide and casting titanium products

© 2018 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved. In this work investigate the chemical processes occurring during the manufacture of magnesium oxide-based mold and casting titanium products to prevent the formation of alpha case. When molten titanium is poured into the mold due to low thermal conductivity the mold is heated unevenly. The resulting carbon dioxide and active metal compounds migrate to the more heated regions adjacent to the surface of the casting. The increased concentration on the surface of the O, Si, Ca, Na forms promotes the reactions to form active metal titanates

Neutrophilic granulocytes in the patients with burn injury

Severe burn injury (BI) is accompanied by disturbed microcirculation, water-electrolyte and acidbase imbalance within 2-3 days after the accident, and the development of toxemia within 4-12 days. The severity of toxemia depends on the area and depth of the lesion, resorption of tissue decay products, and development of a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. In the patients suffering with deep BI sepsis, it develops in 15% of cases. Pathogenesis of critical conditions is related to the functional activity of myeloid cells, including neutrophilic granulocytes (NG). Тhe determination of NG’s dysfunctions in patients with BI is important, both for prediction of septic complications and administration of rational therapy. The aim of our work was to study the functions of neutrophils in patients with severe BI and to determine early predictors of burn-associated sepsis. The study involved 53 patients with severe BI at the mean age of 43 years (32 to 52); the area of damage was 43% (17 to 63) of the body surface, with deep-burn area of 17 (13 to 27) %. The severity of BI was assessed using the Frank index, at the average value of 74 conventional units (62 to 89). Тwo groups of patients were identified: 24 persons without sepsis, and 29 people with sepsis and severe sepsis. The studies were carried out upon admission, on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 10th , and 20th day of the burn disease. We determined the numbers of NGs expressing CD18+, CD14+, defensin+; serum contents of soluble defensins (sDеf), IL-6, IL-8 levels (ELISA); procalcitonin, as well as luminol-mediated spontaneous аnd induced NG chemiluminescence. Тhe results of this study showed a relationship between the amounts of NGs containing antimicrobial peptides, contents of NGs expressing CD18+ adhesion molecules, activation of oxidative metabolism, IL-6 overproduction, and development of sepsis in patients with burn injury, as well as with severity of burn trauma