A non-functioning left kidney from renal tuberculosis: a case report

This is a 25-year old petty trader with 2-year history of recurrent left flank pains, an uneventful pregnancy, a ballotable tender, irregular left kidney and a renal sonogram suggestive of chronic pyelonephritis with intra-renal abscesses. Intravenous urogram showed a non-functioning left kidney. She had a left nephrectomy with histology showing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with extensive areas of necrosis, acute on chronic inflammation with formation of foreign body and Langerhans type giant cells suggestive of renal tuberculosis. She made an uneventful recovery with stable renal function

Assessment of Climatic Factors on Growth and Yield of Maize Variety as Influenced by Rates of Sunshine Organic Manure and NPK 20:10:10 Fertilizer

Maize is one of the most important cereal crops in West Africa. Its production in Nigeria has been hindered by inconsistency in rainfall pattern and low fertility especially in Akure, Ondo State. Two experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) in 2016 growing season (wet and dry seasons) to determine the effects of Sunshine Organic Manure and NPK 20:10:10 fertilizer on the growth and yield maize variety, as well in soil fertility improvement. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications per treatment. Suwan-1-SR-Ymaize varietywas used for the experiment and Sunshine Organic manure was applied at the rates of 0, 60, 90, and 120kg N ha-1while NPK 20:10:10 was used as standard at the rate of 70 kg N ha-1. Growth parameters (plant height and number of leaves per plant) were taken at two weeks interval for 12 weeks. At harvest, yield parameters (Seed weight/plant, Weight of 1000 seed (g), Number of seeds/cob, Yield in t ha-1, cob length (cm), cob girth (cm)) were determined. The following weather data were collected; Daily rainfall, maximum minimum temperature and solar radiation, while the soil data collected were; pH, total N, available phosphorus, potassium, organic carbon, and bulk density. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for the data analyses. Mean separation was done using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results showed an increase in growth and yield parameters recorded with increasing application rates of Sunshine Organic Manure in both growing season

The Impact of Public Sector Spending on Economic Growth of Nigeria

The study investigated the impact of public sector spending (administration, agriculture, education, economic, social and community transfer, industry and health services) on economic growth in Nigeria for the period spanning between 1960-2010.The objectives of the study are to estimate the relationship between aggregate public sector spending on economic growth and determining the specific public sector spending variables on economic growth. The variables were tested for stationarity and cointegration while regression and correlation analyses were used as analytical techniques. The results found out that recurrent and capital expenditure contributed positively to economic growth with particular reference to the period under review, The result therefore revealed that capital and recurrent expenditures are significant at 1% level.  The study concluded that the government recurrent and capital expenditure have significant influence on economic growth in Nigeria. More so, the result of disaggregated analysis concluded that agriculture, social and community services, health and services are significant variables of government spending contributing to economic growth in Nigeria. Keywords: Public sector, Stationarity, co-integration, Capital expenditure, recurrent, economic growth

The impact of employee job satisfaction on the relationship between HRM practices and organizational commitment: a conceptual study on RMG sector of Bangladesh

“Job satisfaction” is a pleasant or encouraging state of expression which is consequential from the valuation of one’s “organizational commitment”. The gladder the employee, the higher is the mindset of “job satisfaction”. It is presumed that “quality of work-life” and “compensation benefits” enhances “job satisfaction” which in reappearance increases employee’s “organizational commitment”. This research determines to inspect the underlying relations among HRM practices and organizational commitment on job satisfaction in the RMG sector in Bangladesh. This study will explore the impact of employee job satisfaction on the relationship between organizational commitment and HR practices. An experimental investigation will be presented in what manner HRM determinant impact organizational commitment and job satisfaction for the RMG sector’s employee in Bangladeshi circumstance. Study data will attain from the RMG sector, at least 385 responses will be analysed by using SEM (Structural Equation Modelling). Data will accumulate through a detailed structured questionnaire from the respondents. Simple random sampling method will be used to procure the respondents

Gender Differences in Students-Staff Violence in Urban and Rural Secondary Schools of Osun State, South Western Nigeria

Background: School violence is of public health importance. One important but often overlooked dimension is student-staff violence. The aim of the study was to assess the gender differences in the pattern of students-staff violence in urban and rural areas of Osun state with the hypothesis that male students and staff perpetrate violence more than female students and staff respectively. Methodology: A cross sectional study conducted among 800 secondary school students from JSS 2 to SSS 3 (400 in urban and 400 in rural areas) selected by multi-stage sampling technique. Results: The mean age for all the respondents was 14.3 years ±2.0, with the mean age for males as 14.2±2.0 and females as 14.3±2.0. Male respondents were 51.5% in urban schools and 51% in rural schools. Males were the main perpetrators in both urban and rural areas but more females in the rural areas perpetrated violence than their urban counterparts. Out of those who verbally abused school staff in urban areas, males constituted 61.5% compared to 38.5% of females. Respondents also experienced violence in the hands of academic staff (male and female). Conclusion: All forms of violence were perpetrated against school staff with prevalence higher in rural than urban areas. Males perpetrated most forms of violence than females in both urban and rural schools, though this was marked in urban schools. Female respondents in rural areas experienced significantly higher perpetration of most forms of school-related violence than urban females.Journal of Community Medicine & Primary Health vol 23 (1-2) 2011

What is the real impact of acute kidney injury?

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical problem. Studies have documented the incidence of AKI in a variety of populations but to date we do not believe the real incidence of AKI has been accurately documented in a district general hospital setting. The aim here was to describe the detected incidence of AKI in a typical general hospital setting in an unselected population, and describe associated short and long-term outcomes. Methods: A retrospective observational database study from secondary care in East Kent (adult catchment population of 582,300). All adult patients (18 years or over) admitted between 1st February 2009 and 31st July 2009, were included. Patients receiving chronic renal replacement therapy (RRT), maternity and day case admissions were excluded. AKI was defined by the acute kidney injury network (AKIN) criteria. A time dependent risk analysis with logistic regression and Cox regression was used for the analysis of in-hospital mortality and survival. Results: The incidence of AKI in the 6 month period was 15,325 pmp/yr (adults) (69% AKIN1, 18% AKIN2 and 13% AKIN3). In-hospital mortality, length of stay and ITU utilisation all increased with severity of AKI. Patients with AKI had an increase in care on discharge and an increase in hospital readmission within 30 days. Conclusions: This data comes closer to the real incidence and outcomes of AKI managed in-hospital than any study published in the literature to date. Fifteen percent of all admissions sustained an episode of AKI with increased subsequent short and long term morbidity and mortality, even in those with AKIN1. This confers an increased burden and cost to the healthcare economy, which can now be quantified. These results will furnish a baseline for quality improvement projects aimed at early identification, improved management, and where possible prevention, of AKI

Effects of Selected Protein Diets on Biochemical profiles and Symptoms of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

The aim of this study was to compare, using randomized controlled design, the metabolic effects of four low-protein diets, A, B, C and D obtained from different protein sources, in out-patients with moderate Chronic Renal Failure (CRF). Thirty two adult outpatients (20 males and 12 females) aged 43.9+17.3 years were randomly distributed into four groups of eight patients each. Each group was placed on isocaloric and 0.55gp/kg/day diets, containing cooked beef (A), egg white and smoked catfish (B),smoked Catfish (C) and egg white, cooked beef, smoked catfish and dehulled steamed cowpea pudding (D) for a period of six months, during which initial and final blood urea, serum creatinine levels and the symptoms experienced by the patients were compared. Blood urea decreased significantly in all the groups with B>C>A>D. The same trend was obtained for blood pressure and blood sodium levels of the patients. All the patients had improvement from their symptoms. However the B diet resulted in significant reduction of blood urea (-45.67±6.22 mg/dl) and improvement from symptoms (87.5 to 100%) in comparison with the corresponding values in patients on diets A, C, and D (range for Blood area = - 41.74±2.02 to -32.47 ± 5.90mg/dl) (P=0.041). Although serum creatinine of the patients placed on the B diet was slightly less than in the other groups the difference was not significant (P =0.93). The study shows that the combination of egg white and catfish diet followed by the catfish diet alone were more efficacious in promoting reduction in blood urea and improvement in symptoms in patients with CRF