Signs and Symptoms in the Psychiatric Domain: A Corpus Analysis

AbstractIn the medical domain, great effort is taken to normalize terminology at an international level. However, corpus analysis indicates that there is still much work to be done. For example, the basic conceptual distinction between sign (an objective change in a patient's condition) and symptom (subjective evidence of disease or condition as perceived by the patient) is something any medical expert is aware of. In texts of the subdomain of Psychiatry, however, the terms sign and symptom seem to be used indistinctly. Their use was analyzed from a multidimensional perspective in an English language medical corpus on the subdomain of Psychiatry. Collocational information was extracted and then classified according to the data obtained. Finally a comparison was made with an English language corpus on Oncology to see if the conclusions drawn can be applied to other medical subdomains or if the boundaries between the terms are even fuzzier in the Psychiatric domain

Cultural Context and Multimodal Knowledge Representation: Seeing the Forest for the Trees

Context, especially cultural context, has long been neglected in Terminology. Even though recent approaches have acknowledged the relevance of culture in specialized communication, the development of culture in Terminology is still marginal. Culture is also underrepresented in terminological resources, which may respond to the complexity of reflecting the cultural component in the description of terms and concepts. However, conceptualization is dynamic and changes from culture to culture and, for that reason, an in-depth study on how the nature of human perception and cultural cognition influences the representation of concept systems and terms in specialized knowledge contexts is needed. Furthermore, to facilitate knowledge acquisition, contextual and conceptual information should go together with multimodal information, as the combination of textual and visual material improves understanding. This study integrates different types of context (i.e., semantic relations, frames, and culture) to describe a methodology for the selection and representation of multimodal information for culturally bound concepts such as forest in terminological knowledge bases, based on the theoretical premises of Frame-Based Terminology. Different ideas of forest in European countries were analyzed and represented by means of culturally adapted images, which are best suited to disseminate knowledge and foreground the role of culture in specialized communication.Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) Spanish Government PID2020118369GB-I00European Commission A-HUM-600-UGR2

A Qualia-based description of specialized knowledge units in the lexical-constructional model

EcoLexicon és una base de dades de coneixement sobre medi ambient basada en la idea de marcs semàntics. La informació que conté està estructurada coherentment dins de l'esdeveniment prototípic de domini, l'esdeveniment mediambiental (EE). S'hi ha definit un inventari tancat de relacions, tant a nivell intercategorial com intracategorial, que connecten els conceptes entre si. Això és la base per a una ontologia formal d'aquest àmbit que servirà per a finalitats computacionals, fer cerques o extreure informació automàticament. Les premisses teòriques de la terminologia basada en marcs, el lexicó generatiu i la gramàtica de construccions lèxiques, proporcionen un formalisme estricte que ens permet fer un pas endavant cap a l'ontologia formal.EcoLexicon is a frame-based knowledge base on the environment. The information it contains is coherently structured within a prototypical domain event, the Environmental Event (EE). At an intra- and intercategorial level, a closed inventory of relations has been defined that relates concepts to each other as well as to the EE. It will be the basis for a formal domain ontology which will serve computational purposes, enhance searches and allow for automatic information extraction. Theoretical premises from Frame-Based Terminology, the Generative Lexicon and the Lexical-Constructional Model provide a streamlined formalism that brings us one step closer to a formal ontology

Remarkable spatial variation in the seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii after a large Q fever epidemic.

Prior to the 2007-2010 Q fever epidemic in the Netherlands, the seroprevalence of antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in the general population was 1.5%, which is low compared to other countries. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence after the Q fever epidemic among people living in the affected area, compare the seroprevalence with the incidence of Q fever notifications during the 2007-2010 Q fever epidemic, and to identify farm exposures associated with having antibodies against C. burnetii

Redactar y traducir artículos de investigación: un programa de software

Tesis Univ. Granada. Departamento de Traducción e Interpretación. Leída el 13 de enero de 200

A Qualia-based Description of Specialized Knowledge Units in the Lexical-Constructional Model

EcoLexicon és una base de dades de coneixement sobre medi ambient basada en la idea de marcs semàntics. La informació que conté està estructurada coherentment dins de l’esdeveniment prototípic de domini, l’esdeveniment mediambiental (EE). S’hi ha definit un inventari tancat de relacions, tant a nivell intercategorial com intracategorial, que connecten els conceptes entre si. Això és la base per a una ontologia formal d’aquest àmbit que servirà per a finalitats computacionals, fer cerques o extreure informació automàticament. Les premisses teòriques de la terminologia basada en marcs, el lexicó generatiu i la gramàtica de construccions lèxiques, proporcionen un formalisme estricte que ens permet fer un pas endavant cap a l’ontologia formal.Paraules clau: terminologia basada en marcs; lèxic generatiu; gramàtica de construccions lèxiques; formalisme; ontologiaEcoLexicon is a frame-based knowledge base on the environment. Theinformation it contains is coherently structured within a prototypical domain event, the Environmental Event (EE). At an intra- and intercategorial level, a closed inventory of relations has been defined that relates concepts to each other as well as to the EE. It will be the basis for a formal domain ontology which will serve computational purposes, enhance searches and allow for automatic information extraction. Theoretical premises from Frame-Based Terminology, the Generative Lexicon and the Lexical-Constructional Model provide a streamlined formalism that brings us one step closer to a formal ontology.Keywords: frame-based terminology; generative lexicon; lexical constructional model; formalism; ontology Arianne Reimerink, Pilar León Araúz and Pamela Faber University of Granad

Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence among the general population in a livestock-dense area in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional population-based serological survey

Abstract Background Recent serological studies indicate that hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in industrialised countries. The increasing trend in the number of autochthonous cases of HEV genotype 3 in Western European countries, stresses the importance to get insight in the exact routes of exposure. Pigs are the main animal reservoir, and zoonotic food-borne transmission of HEV is proven. However, infected pigs can excrete large amounts of virus via their faeces enabling environmental transmission of HEV to humans. This might pose a risk for of neighbouring residents of livestock farming. Methods Within a large study on the health of people living in the vicinity of livestock farming we performed a cross-sectional population-based serological survey among 2,494 non-farming adults from the general population in a livestock-dense area in the south of the Netherlands. Participants completed risk factor questionnaires and blood samples of 2,422 subjects (median age 58\ua0years, range 20\u201372) were tested for anti-HEV IgG using an enzyme immune assay (Wantai). The aim of this study was to determine the HEV seroprevalence and to assess whether seropositivity in adults was associated with living in the vicinity of pig farms. Results The average seroprevalence of HEV was 28.7% (95% CI: 26.9\u201330.5). Determinants associated with an increased risk for HEV seropositivity were male gender and low level of education. There was a clear trend of increasing prevalence with increasing age (Chi-square test for linear trend, X 2 \u2009=\u200983.1; p \u2009<\u20090.001). A high number of pigs within 1,000\ua0m of the residential address was not a risk factor for seropositivity. Conclusions This study confirmed the high HEV seroprevalence (29%) in the general population of the Netherlands, but presence of antibodies was not associated with residential proximity to pig farms. The prevalence increased with age from 10% in adolescents to 33% among those aged 50 and above, supporting the assumption of a cumulative lifetime exposure to HEV in the Netherlands as well as a higher infection pressure in the past. Our findings cannot refute the assumption that transmission is primarily food-borne