Conservando un símbolo: Tres siglos en la historia de la Puerta de Córdoba

Este artículo recoge una síntesis de los estudios histórico-artísticos del proyecto de restauración de la Puerta de Córdoba en Carmona (Sevilla). Estos estudios han documentado las intervenciones llevadas a cabo en el edificio entre 1551 y 1819 por el carpintero Diego de Morales, el albañil Pero Hernández, el maestro de obras Martín de la Villa, el cantero Martín Cardero, el escultor Salvador Rodríguez, el maestro de obras Alonso Rodríguez, los maestros alarifes Gregorio González y Gaspar Peña, el arquitecto Ignacio Moreno, el arquitecto José Echamorro, y el arquitecto y aparejador Juan Echamorro

Reproducibility of the World Health Organization 2008 criteria for myelodysplastic syndromes

The reproducibility of the World Health Organization 2008 classification for myelodysplastic syndromes is uncertain and its assessment was the major aim of this study. The different peripheral blood and bone marrow variables required for an adequate morphological classification were blindly evaluated by four cytomorphologists in samples from 50 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. The degree of agreement among observers was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficient and the generalized kappa statistic for multiple raters. The degree of agreement for the percentages of blasts in bone marrow and peripheral blood, ring sideroblasts in bone marrow, and erythroid, granulocytic and megakaryocytic dysplastic cells was strong (P<0.001 in all instances). After stratifying the percentages according to the categories required for the assignment of World Health Organization subtypes, the degree of agreement was not statistically significant for cases with 5-9% blasts in bone marrow (P=0.07), 0.1-1% blasts in peripheral blood (P=0.47), or percentage of erythroid dysplastic cells (P=0.49). Finally, the interobserver concordance for World Health Organization-defined subtypes showed a moderate overall agreement (P<0.001), the reproducibility being lower for cases with refractory anemia with excess of blasts type 1 (P=0.05) and refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (P=0.09). In conclusion, the reproducibility of the World Health Organization 2008 classification for myelodysplastic syndromes is acceptable but the defining criteria for blast cells and features of erythroid dysplasia need to be refined

Comparison between the reactivity of coal and synthetic coal models

A mixture of carbon compounds was pyrolysed under an inert atmosphere at different temperatures in a fixed bed reactor. The resultant chars were characterised in terms of texture and thermal behaviour. Textural characterisation of the chars was carried out by N2 and CO2 adsorption isotherms at −196 and 0 °C, respectively. Char isothermal reactivity in air at 500 °C, and in CO2 at 1000 °C, was performed in a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). Temperature-programmed combustion tests under 20% oxygen in argon were also performed in the TGA linked to a mass spectrometer (TGA/MS). The results showed that char textural properties do not always relate well to their reactivity. Not only do physical properties (e.g. surface area, porosity) but also chemical properties (e.g. active sites concentration and distribution) play an important role in the reaction of carbonaceous material and oxidant. On the other hand, in terms of chemical composition the chars obtained from the mixture of carbon compounds were very similar to the chars produced under the same experimental conditions by a high volatile bituminous coal. The fact that carbon compounds are well known makes it easier to obtain knowledge about the functional groups present in synthetic char, and to study the mechanisms of heterogeneous reactions such as the reduction of NO with carbon.Peer reviewe

CO2 capture by adsorption with nitrogen enriched carbons

9 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables.-- Printed version published Sep 2007.-- Issue title: The 6th European Conference on Coal Research and its Applications.The success of CO2 capture with solid sorbents is dependent on the development of a low cost sorbent with high CO2 selectivity and adsorption capacity. Immobilised amines are expected to offer the benefits of liquid amines in the typical absorption process, with the added advantages that solids are easy to handle and that they do not give rise to corrosion problems. In this work, different alkylamines were evaluated as a potential source of basic sites for CO2 capture, and a commercial activated carbon was used as a preliminary support in order to study the effect of the impregnation. The amine coating increased the basicity and nitrogen content of the carbon. However, it drastically reduced the microporous volume of the activated carbon, which is chiefly responsible for CO2 physisorption, thus decreasing the capacity of raw carbon at room temperature.This work was carried out with financial support from the Spanish MEC (Project CTM2005-03075/TECNO). M.G.P. and C.P. acknowledge the support from the CSIC I3P Program co-financed by the European Social Fund.Peer reviewe