Mueren los “ismos”, vuelve la persona. Entrevista a giampiero arciero

More than ten years after the disappearance of Vittorio Guidano, the post -rationalist model has continued to evolve. His intellectual legacy has meant a source of inspiration to create new developments. As one of its most current precursors Giampiero Arciero, we tried to conduct a historical review of the model and reveal the theoretical premises which underpin its new proposals.Transcurridos más de diez años de la desaparición de Vittorio Guidano, el modelo post-racionalista ha seguido evolucionando. Su legado intelectual ha supuesto fuente de inspiración para generar nuevos avances. Siendo uno de sus máximos precursores actuales Giampiero Arciero, hemos tratado de llevar a cabo una revisión histórica del modelo y así desvelar las premisas teóricas en que se fundamenta sus nuevas propuestas

Affective Response to a Loved One's Pain: Insula Activity as a Function of Individual Differences

Individual variability in emotion processing may be associated with genetic variation as well as with psychological predispositions such as dispositional affect styles. Our previous fMRI study demonstrated that amygdala reactivity was independently predicted by affective-cognitive styles (phobic prone or eating disorders prone) and genotype of the serotonin transporter in a discrimination task of fearful facial expressions. Since the insula is associated with the subjective evaluation of bodily states and is involved in human feelings, we explored whether its activity could also vary in function of individual differences. In the present fMRI study, the association between dispositional affects and insula reactivity has been examined in two groups of healthy participants categorized according to affective-cognitive styles (phobic prone or eating disorders prone). Images of the faces of partners and strangers, in both painful and neutral situations, were used as visual stimuli. Interaction analyses indicate significantly different activations in the two groups in reaction to a loved one's pain: the phobic prone group exhibited greater activation in the left posterior insula. These results demonstrate that affective-cognitive style is associated with insula activity in pain empathy processing, suggesting a greater involvement of the insula in feelings for a certain cohort of people. In the mapping of individual differences, these results shed new light on variability in neural networks of emotion

Las organizaciones de personalidad: el enfoque postracionalista

The importance of language development and how it affects the development of the attachment figure is exposed. The figure of attachment can give meaning to the emotional states of the child which will help him with the delimitation of the sense of himself and the consequent organization of his personality.Se expone la importancia del desarrollo del lenguaje y como afecta éste en el desarrollo de la figura del apego. La figura del apego puede dar sentido a los estados emocionales del niño lo cual le ayudará con la delimitación del sentido de sí mismo y la consecuente organización de su personalidad

Fondamenti di psicoterapia fenomenologica: cura di sé e psicologia non razionalista

Traducation du livre anglais: ARCIERO, Giampiero, BONDOLFI, Guido, MAZZOLA, Viridiana. The Foundations of Phenomenological Psyhcotherapy. Cham : Springer, 2018. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-78087-0 https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:14456

In Between Ordinary Sadness and Clinical Depression

Since Kraeplin and Kretschmer, the clarification of the limits between ordinary sadness and clinical depression has been a major concern. Much of the controversy has focused on whether and on which bases can be fixed a boundary in the continuum from the experience of sadness to major depressive episode. The new emphasis on the role of clinical judgment introduced by DSM-5 can be regarded as a way to address these issues, though leaving several questions open. After examining the implications of the main topics raised by this still ongoing discussion, we will argue that in a clinical reality both mobility and intensity of emotional states may account for the discontinuity between ordinary sadness and clinical depression. </jats:p

The Foundations of Phenomenological Psychotherapy

This book addresses selected central questions in phenomenological psychology, a discipline that investigates the experience of self that emerges over the course of an individual's life, while also outlining a new method, the formal indication, as a means of accessing personal experience while remaining faithful to its uniqueness. In phenomenological psychology, the psyche no longer refers to an isolated self that remains unchanged by life's changing situations, but is rather a phenomenon (ipseity) which manifests itself and constantly takes form over the course of a person's unique existence. Thus, the formal indication allows us to study the way in which ipseity relates to the world in different situations, in a way that holds different meanings for different people. Based on this new approach, phenomenological psychotherapy marks a transition from a mode of grasping the truth about oneself through reflection, to a mode of accessing the disclosure of self through a work of self-transformation (the care of self) that requires the person to actually change her position on herself. By putting forward this method, the authors shed new light on the dynamic interplay between a person's historicity and uniqueness on the one hand, and the related physiopathological mechanisms on the other, providing evidence from the fields of genetics, cardiology, the neurosciences and psychiatry. The book will appeal to a broad readership, from psychiatrists, psychologist and psychotherapists, to researchers in these fields

Pubertad y adolescencia: ¿trabajamos con los jóvenes y/o con los padres? Una perspectiva postracionalista

In the practical clinic we attend parents with children approaching puberty or adolescent by problems that present these; even in occasions adolescent come alone in search of help. For psychotherapeutic reasons (viability, strategy and efficiency of the intervention) as well as by legal reasons (minor age) we ask the question with whom and how proceed the psychotherapeutic intervention. With the present work we intended to clarify which theoretical-practical variables are important take into account to determine in each case the work with families and/or with their adolescent and children approaching puberty sons. For it is considered necessary to analyse in the first place the changes that at general level experience the youths and their families in this evolutionary stage. In second place is attempted to understand how these changes are felt and reordered by the family members in function of the Organizations of Personal Meaning.En la práctica clínica asisten a consulta padres con hijos puberales o adolescentes por problemas que presentan éstos; incluso en ocasiones vienen adolescentes solos en busca de ayuda. Tanto por razones psicoterapéuticas (viabilidad, estrategia y efectividad de la intervención) como por razones legales (menor de edad) nos planteamos con quién y cómo procede la intervención psicoterapéutica. Con el presente trabajo se pretende clarificar qué variables teórico-prácticas son importantes tener en cuenta para determinar en cada caso el trabajo con familias y/o con sus hijos adolescentes y puberales. Para ello se considera necesario analizar en primer lugar los cambios que a nivel general experimentan los jóvenes y sus familias en este periodo evolutivo. En segundo lugar se intenta comprender cómo estos cambios son sentidos y reordenados por los miembros familiares en función de las Organizaciones de Significado Personal

Emotion-body connection dispositions modify the insulae-midcingulate effective connectivity during anger processing

The link between anger and bodily states is readily apparent based on the autonomic and behavioral responses elicited. In everyday life angry people react in different ways, from being agitated with an increased heart rate to remaining silent or detached. Neuroimaging evidence supports the role of mid-posterior insula and midcingulate cortex/MCC as key nodes of a sensorimotor network that predominantly responds to salient stimuli, integration of interoceptive and autonomic information, as well as to awareness of bodily movements for coordinated motion. However, there is still a lack of clarity concerning how interindividual variability in bodily states reactions drives the connectivity within these key nodes in the sensorimotor network during anger processing. Therefore, we investigated whether individual differences in body-centered emotional experience, that is an active (inward prone) or inactive (outward prone) emotion-body connection disposition, would differently affect the information flow within these brain regions. Two groups of participants underwent fMRI scanning session watching video clips of actors performing simple actions with angry and joyful facial expressions. The whole-brain group-by-session interaction analysis showed that the bilateral insula and the right MCC were selectively activated by inward group during the angry session, whereas the outward group activated more the precuneus during the joyful session. Accordingly, dynamic causal modeling analyses (DCM) revealed an excitatory modulatory effect exerted by anger all over the insulae-MCC connectivity in the inward group, whereas in the outward group the modulatory effect exerted was inhibitory. Modeling the variability related to individual differences in body-centered emotional experience allowed to better explain to what extent subjective dispositions contributed to the insular activity and its connectivity. In addition, from the perspective of a hierarchical model of neurovisceral integration, these findings add knowledge to the multiple ways which the insula and MCC dynamically integrate affective and bodily aspects of the human experience