Characterization of Indigenous Rhizobacterial Isolates from Healthy Chilli Rhizosphere Capable of Inducing Resistance Against Anthracnose Disease (Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides).

Antrachnose disease on chilli  caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is difficult to be controlled because the disease can be transmitted through the seeds, and has a high genetic diversity. One of promising alternative control is using biological control agents, such as groups of rhizobacteria. The objective of this research were : to characterize the morphology, physiology and molecular of  selected rhizobacterial isolates,  which were capable of controlling the anthracnose disease  and to enhance the growth and yield chilli. Three  rhizobacterial isolates (B1.37, B2.11 and P1.31) were used. These isolates were indentified based on morphology (colony form, elevation, edge, and color), physiology (gram tes, the production of hormone IAA, chitinase enzyme, hydrogen cyanide, and solvents phosphate) and molecular.  The isolates were identified by using  16S rRNA sequencing.  The results indicated that isolate B1.37 belonged to species of Bacillus cereus strain ML 267, isolate B2.11 belonged to Bacillus cereus strain LH8 and isolate P1.31 belonged to  Chryseobacterium gleum strain NBRC 15054

Malayan Filariasis in the Transmigration Settlements of Parigi, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Salah satu program dari Rencana Pem­bangunan Nasional Lima tahun adalah pening­katan dan perluasan USAha pertanian, terutama didaerah subur dan berpenduduk tipis di Su­matera, Kalimantan dan Sulawesi yang disertai dengan pelaksanaan USAha transmigrasi kedaerah ini dari daerah berpenduduk padat Jawa, Madu­ra, Bali dan Lombok. Untuk mengetahui keadaan fllariasis di­daerah tersebut pertama ini, maka dalam bulan April 1972 telah diperiksa 240 transmigran dari Bali dan 282 penduduk Sulawesi yang hidup berdampingan dalam dua kampung yang ter­pencil yaitu Tanalanto dan Masi didistrik Parigi, Sulawesi Tengah. Parigi dikenal endemis terhadap fllariasis sedang­kan di Bali dimana transmigran berasal, tidak dilaporkan adanya penyakit ini. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat di-kemukakan : daerah transmigrasi Parigi, Sulawesi Te­ngah adalah endemis terhadap fllariasis yang disebabkan oleh Brugia malayi, pe­riodik nokturna.timbulnya fllariasis diantara transmigran berhubungan erat dengan lamanya mere­ka berada didaerah endemis inibaik pada transmigran maupun pada pen­duduk asli, tidak nyata adanya perbedaan frekwensi penyakit menurut jenis kelamin.(4) Frekwensi penyakit ini pada transmigran terlihat menonjol pada golongan umur 10-49 tahun, sedangkan pada penduduk asli pada semua golongan umur.walaupun keadaan intensitas infeksi dari penyakit ini pada kedua golongan pen­duduk di Tanalanto, hampir sama, namun pada transmigran terdapat dengan micro­filaraemia dan dengan gejala klinis flla­riasis yang lebih ringan dibanding dengan penduduk asli

Characterization of Indigenous Rhizobacterial Isolates from Healthy Chilli Rhizosphere Capable of Inducing Resistance Against Anthracnose Disease (Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides).

Antrachnose disease on chilli caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is difficult to be controlled because the disease can be transmitted through the seeds, and has a high genetic diversity. One of promising alternative control is using biological control agents, such as groups of rhizobacteria. The objective of this research were : to characterize the morphology, physiology and molecular of selected rhizobacterial isolates, which were capable of controlling the anthracnose disease and to enhance the growth and yield chilli. Three rhizobacterial isolates (B1.37, B2.11 and P1.31) were used. These isolates were indentified based on morphology (colony form, elevation, edge, and color), physiology (gram tes, the production of hormone IAA, chitinase enzyme, hydrogen cyanide, and solvents phosphate) and molecular. The isolates were identified by using 16S rRNA sequencing. The results indicated that isolate B1.37 belonged to species of Bacillus cereus strain ML 267, isolate B2.11 belonged to Bacillus cereus strain LH8 and isolate P1.31 belonged to Chryseobacterium gleum strain NBRC 15054

Alkaloida Aporfina dari Actinodaphne sesquipedalis Hook and Thoms

An aporphine alkaloid was isolated from methanolic extracts of the bark of Actinodaphne sesEripedalrs. The spectroscopic data of this alkaloid showed that this compound was actinodaphnine

Maritime Continent Center of Excellence (MCCOE) Near future program related to monsoon in Indonesia

Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) has established a one stop international center to study the interactions among land, sea, and atmosphere in the Indonesia Maritime Continent (IMC) and called as Maritime Continent Center of Excellence (MCCOE) on November 12, 2013. The IMC is at the central importance of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and Asian monsoon that could influence directly on the Pacific and Indian oceans heat and water mass transport affecting on regional and even global climate changes. A small change in Sea Surface Temperature (SST) transmited from Pacific to Indian oceans through the current system so called Indonesian throughflow will affect the magnitude of monsoon and climate over the regions. In this critical perspective, the IMC in a whole system of earth, atmosphere, and ocean play important roles in regulating global climate changes. In this presentation, we will present all the near future programs related to monsoon that will be employed in the center, especially how intraseasonal variation interact with monsoon.Proceedings of GRENE 3rd Workshop (17-19 March, 2014, Bali, Indonesia

Asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-virosine a via sequential nucleophilic cyclizations onto an activated formamide

Abstract: The first synthesis of tetracyclic alkaloid virosine A is reported. The natural alkaloid was prepared in only 13 steps, in an enantioenriched form. The azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane core was efficiently assembled using a key Vilsmeier–Haack and Mannich cyclizations sequence performed in one pot

Impact of cross-equatorial Asian winter monsoon and the MJO on extreme precipitation over Western Java Island

The Indonesian capital of Jakarta experienced an extraordinary heavy precipitation/flood event in the middle of January 2013, as it did in 1996, 2002 and 2007. Heavy rainfall repeatedly occurred in a local area over western Java Island for 4 consecutive days 15-18 January. The central part of Jakarta city was inundated during 17-18 January 2013. This study examined the atmospheric circulations leading to the extreme precipitation event. Examination of ocean surface winds derived from the WindSat satellite measurements showed that a persistent, trans-equatorial, northerly wind took place 2-3 days prior to and during the heavy precipitation event, similar to that which occurred during the extreme precipitation event in Jakarta during late January into early February 2007. The strong, persistent, trans-equatorial Asian-winter monsoonal flow from the Northern Hemisphere was a main factor in the formation of extreme rain over western Java Island, as it induced an intensive low-level wind convergence along its leading edge over the island. In contrast to the extreme rain event of 2007, which was in an inactive MJO phase, the extreme precipitation/flood event of 2013 coincided with strong and coherent MJO activity with the enhanced convective phase centered on the western Pacific. The active phase of the MJO caused strong to moderate westerly to northwesterly winds at the levels from near the surface up to 400 hPa (~8 km) over Java Island in early to mid-January 2013. The westerly winds, in conjunction with the trans-equatorial monsoonal flow, strengthened the low level wind convergence near western Java Island, providing favorable conditions for precipitation. The results of the present study suggest that a persistent, trans-equatorial, northerly wind and the eastward propagation of an active phase of the MJO produced a great effect on the formation of extreme heavy rain over western Java Island.Proceedings of GRENE 3rd Workshop (17-19 March, 2014, Bali, Indonesia

Antidesma montanum: biochemistry and bioactive compounds

Antidesma montanum is commonly known as a mountain currant tree. Its fruits and leaves are utilized locally for food and traditional medicine, meanwhile the stem is used as source of wood. The fruit contains bioactive constituents of steroid glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols and tannins that exhibited higher antioxidant activity than at certain concentrations of standard antioxidants (i.e. vitamin E, ascorbic acid, and trolox). The leave extracts known to inhibit the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in diabetic therapy. Furthermore, the leave extracts also possessed scavenging activity against both hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals, and inhibited the nitric oxide production. Meanwhile, another studies reported on the anti-inflammatory effect of Antidesma montanum, being used to treat eye diseases, and relieving chest pain. The leaves are used externally against headache and thrush in children, for diuretic and removing kidney stone, anti-dermatitis and skin disease curing effect. A tea from the leaves is used as a tonic for mothers after giving birth and applied topically to ulcers and lumbar pains. The roots are used to treat measles, chickenpox, malaria, and stomach ache. Nevertheless, extensive research is needed to confirm the reputed beneficial effects of Antidesma montanum in traditional medicine