Comparação entre os valores de referência para CVF, VEF1 e relação VEF1/CVF em brasileiros caucasianos adultos e aqueles sugeridos pela Global Lung Function Initiative 2012

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the spirometry values predicted by the 2012 Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) equations, which are recommended for international use, in comparison with those obtained for a sample of White adults used for the establishment of reference equations for spirometry in Brazil.METHODS:The sample comprised 270 and 373 healthy males and females, respectively. The mean differences between the values found in this sample and the predicted values calculated from the GLI equations for FVC, FEV1, and VEF1/FVC, as well as their lower limits, were compared by paired t-test. The predicted values by each pair of equations were compared in various combinations of age and height.RESULTS:For the males in our study sample, the values obtained for all of the variables studied were significantly higher than those predicted by the GLI equations (p < 0.01 for all). These differences become more evident in subjects who were shorter in stature and older. For the females in our study sample, only the lower limit of the FEV1/FVC ratio was significantly higher than that predicted by the GLI equation.CONCLUSIONS:The predicted values suggested by the GLI equations for White adults were significantly lower than those used as reference values for males in Brazil. For both genders, the lower limit of the FEV1/FVC ratio is significantly lower than that predicted by the GLI equations.OBJETIVO:Comparar os valores espirométricos previstos pelas equações da Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) em 2012, sugeridas como de uso internacional, com aqueles obtidos em uma amostra utilizada para derivação de valores de referência em adultos caucasianos brasileiros.MÉTODOS:A amostra utilizada era composta por 270 homens e 373 mulheres saudáveis. As médias das diferenças entre os valores dessa amostra e os valores previstos calculados a partir das equações da GLI para CVF, VEF1 e VEF1/CVF, assim como seus limites inferiores, foram comparados por teste de t pareado. Os valores previstos pelos pares das equações foram comparados em diversas combinações de idade e estatura.RESULTADOS:Nos homens da amostra, os valores obtidos para todas as variáveis estudadas foram significativamente maiores que aqueles previstos pelas equações da GLI (p < 0,01 para todas). Estas diferenças se tornaram mais evidentes em indivíduos com menor estatura e idade mais avançada. Nas mulheres, somente o limite inferior da relação VEF1/CVF foi significativamente maior na amostra brasileira.CONCLUSÕES:Os valores previstos sugeridos pelas equações da GLI para caucasianos são significativamente menores daqueles utilizados como referência para homens brasileiros. Em ambos os sexos, o limite inferior da relação VEF1/CVF é significativamente menor que o previsto pelas equações GLIFederal University of São PauloFederal University of Campina GrandeCentro Diagnóstico BrasilUNIFESPSciEL

DIET OF Ageneiosus ucayalensis (CASTELNAU, 1855) (OSTEICHTHYES: AUCHENIPTERIDAE) IN COARACY NUNES RESERVOIR, FERREIRA GOMES, AMAPÁ, BRAZIL

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a dieta de Ageneiosus ucayalensis do reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica Coaracy Nunes, no município de Ferreira Gomes/AP. As amostragens foram feitas bimestralmente em três estações de coleta na área do reservatório entre julho/2009 e julho/2010. As coletas foram realizadas utilizando redes de espera, organizadas em baterias com sete redes cada e diferentes distâncias entre nós. Após a captura, foi realizada a biometria dos exemplares, sendo seus estômagos retirados, fixados e conservados para análise em laboratório. A proporção sexual foi realizada no intuito de verificar se houve diferença significativa entre os sexos. Os itens alimentares do conteúdo estomacal foram agrupados em categorias amplas e analisados através dos métodos de frequência de ocorrência e volumétrico, combinados no Índice de Importância Alimentar (IAi), por período sazonal. Os resultados evidenciaram que a proporção entre os sexos foi de 1:1, com uma leve predominância de fêmeas. Quanto à alimentação, a espécie mostrou-se carnívora, com a dieta baseada principalmente em microcrustáceos, crustáceos, peixes e material não identificável. Variações sazonais na dieta não foram nítidas e, provavelmente, estão relacionadas tanto à disponibilidade das presas na área quanto à manipulação do nível da água do reservatório pelo controle de comportas.Palavras-chave: alimentação, UHE, peixes, Siluriformes, IAi.The aim of this study was to analyze the diet of Ageneiosus ucayalensis from Reservoir Hydroelectric Plant Coaracy Nunes, in Ferreira Gomes / AP. Samples were collected bimonthly in three sampling stations in the reservoir between July / 2009 and July / 2010. Samplings were conducted using gillnets, organized in batteries each with seven networks and different distances between us. After capture, were performed specimens biometrics and their stomachs removed, fixed and stored for laboratory analysis. The sex ratio was performed in order to determine whether there was significant difference between the sexes. Food items of stomach contents were grouped into broad categories and analyzed by the methods of frequency of occurrence and volume, combined in Alimentary Index (IAI). The results showed that the sex ratio was 1: 1, with a slight predominance of females. As for food, the species proved to be carnivorous, with a diet based primarily on microcrustaceans, crustaceans, fish and unidentifiable material. Seasonal variations in diet were not clear and probably are related both to the availability of prey in the area as the manipulation of the water level of the reservoir by the control gates.Keywords: Feed; HPP; fish; Siluriformes; IAi

Produção de mudas de Senegalia bahiensis Benth. em diferentes volumes de tubetes

Along with the objective define which best volume of tubes and length of stay of seedlings Senegalia bahiensis in the nursery, two experiments in Completely Randomized Design were installed. In the first experiment, the seedlings were produced in three volumes of tubes (tubetes) (55, 180 and 280 cm³), constituting the treatments, four replications and 49 seedlings per repetition. In the second experiment a field simulation was performed using two seedlings per replication, totaling 24 seedlings. The variables analyzed were: height, diameter, shoot dry weight, dry weight of roots, number of leaves, average daily increment in height and average daily increase in diameter. The seedlings produced in lower volume container (55cm³) had the lowest means for all variables in the seedling stage and in the field of simulation. Based on the results obtained in the experiments, it is concluded that for the Senegalia bahiensis species, once its seedling production has similar quality when using tubes of 180 and 280 cm³, it is recommended to use the 180 cm³ tube, which, besides reducing the production cycle by at least 33 days, reduces the use of inputs, in the conditions under which the experiments were conducted.Com o objetivo de definir qual o melhor volume de tubete e o tempo de permanência das mudas de Senegalia bahiensis em viveiro, foram instalados dois experimentos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. No primeiro experimento, as mudas foram produzidas em três volumes de tubetes (55, 180 e 280 cm³), constituindo os tratamentos, quatro repetições e 49 mudas por repetição. No segundo experimento, foi realizada uma simulação de campo utilizando duas mudas por repetição, totalizando 24 mudas. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura, diâmetro, massa seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular, número de folhas, incremento médio diário em altura e incremento médio diário em diâmetro. As mudas produzidas no recipiente de menor volume (55cm³) obtiveram as menores médias para todas as variáveis analisadas, tanto na fase de produção de mudas, como na simulação de campo. Em função dos resultados obtidos nos experimentos, conclui-se que para a espécie Senegalia bahiensis, por sua produção de mudas apresentar qualidade semelhante quando foram utilizados tubetes de 180 e 280 cm³, recomenda-se o uso do tubete de 180 cm³, o qual, além de apresentar redução do ciclo de produção em no mínimo 33 dias, reduz o uso de insumos, nas condições em que os experimentos foram conduzidos

Hepatitis A, B and C prevalence among transgender women and travestis in five Brazilian capitals between 2019-2021.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis A, B, and C in transgender women and travestis's networks, in 5 regions of Brazil. METHODS: This cross-sectional study includedtransgender women and travestis in five Brazilian capitals (Campo Grande, Manaus, Porto Alegre, Salvador, and São Paulo), between December/2019 and July/2021. All samples were subjected to detection of serological markers of hepatitis virus A (HAV), B (HBV), and C (HCV) infections through rapid tests and chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays. Positive samples in the screening tests were submitted to detect HBV DNA and HCV-RNA by real-time PCR and genotyped by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: Analysis of 1,317 samples showed network prevalence rates of 69.1%, 25.1%, and 1.5% for HAV, HBV, and HCV exposure, respectively. A high susceptibility rate to HBV infection (35.7%) and low prevalence of vaccine response markers (40%) were also observed. Age greater than 26 years, self-declared black/brown skin color, having only primary education, history of incarceration, and use of a condom in the last sexual intercourse with a casual partner were associated with total anti-HAV. Exposure to HBV was associated with age greater than 26 years, self-declared black/brown, history of being a sex worker, and incarceration. Age > 37 years, history of sexual abuse, and frequent alcohol consumption were associated with hepatitis C infection. CONCLUSION: The highest prevalence of HAV in this population was found in the North and Northeast regions, and the prevalence found was higher than that in the general population, suggesting greater vulnerability. The prevalence of HCV infection in our study was similar to that observed in the general population

Constraints on the χ_(c1) versus χ_(c2) polarizations in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

The polarizations of promptly produced χ_(c1) and χ_(c2) mesons are studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in proton-proton collisions at √s=8  TeV. The χ_c states are reconstructed via their radiative decays χ_c → J/ψγ, with the photons being measured through conversions to e⁺e⁻, which allows the two states to be well resolved. The polarizations are measured in the helicity frame, through the analysis of the χ_(c2) to χ_(c1) yield ratio as a function of the polar or azimuthal angle of the positive muon emitted in the J/ψ → μ⁺μ⁻ decay, in three bins of J/ψ transverse momentum. While no differences are seen between the two states in terms of azimuthal decay angle distributions, they are observed to have significantly different polar anisotropies. The measurement favors a scenario where at least one of the two states is strongly polarized along the helicity quantization axis, in agreement with nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics predictions. This is the first measurement of significantly polarized quarkonia produced at high transverse momentum