Sensitivity analysis to reflection and diffraction inARTEMIS

Water Qualit

Disagreement between parents and health professionals regarding pain intensity in critically ill neonates

OBJECTIVE: To verify whether parents and health professionals homogeneously evaluate presence and intensity of neonatal pain. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 52 neonates and 154 adults. Inclusion criteria for neonates were admission to neonatal intensive care unit, presence of gastric tube, tracheal tube, and venous lines. Each newborn was observed by a different group of three adults (parent, nurse assistant and pediatrician) for 1 minute at the same time to evaluate presence and intensity of infant's pain. Homogeneity of pain evaluation was analyzed by a modified Bland-Altman plot and by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate association of neonatal characteristics and heterogeneity of pain scores for adults. RESULTS: ICC showed disagreement of the pain scores given by the three groups of adults (ICC 0.066, agreement > 0.75). Bland-Altman analysis showed agreement among adults when they thought pain was absent. When they thought pain was present, there was heterogeneity of opinions regarding intensity of neonatal pain. Multiple regression analysis indicated that 10% of this disagreement could be explained by infant's gender and mode of delivery. CONCLUSIONS: Disagreement among adults about intensity of neonatal pain is a marker of the difficulty in deciding the need for analgesia in preverbal patients.OBJETIVO: Verificar se pais e profissionais de saúde que trabalham em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal avaliam de maneira semelhante a presença e a magnitude da dor no recém-nascido (RN). MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 52 RN e 154 adultos. Os critérios de inclusão foram: internação em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal, presença de sonda gástrica, cânula traqueal e acesso venoso. Cada RN foi observado de modo simultâneo por um trio diferente de adultos (pai/mãe, pediatra e auxiliar de enfermagem) durante 1 minuto para avaliar presença e intensidade da dor do paciente. A análise quanto à homogeneidade da avaliação de dor foi realizada por meio do gráfico de Bland-Altman modificado e do coeficiente de correlação intraclasses (CCI). A associação de fatores próprios do recém-nascido com a heterogeneidade da avaliação da dor do RN pelos adultos foi avaliada por meio de regressão linear múltipla. RESULTADOS: O CCI mostrou discordância entre os três grupos de adultos quanto à avaliação da dor (CCI 0,066, concordância > 0,75). A análise de Bland-Altman mostrou que houve concordância entre os adultos quanto à ausência de dor no RN. Porém, quando os adultos achavam que a dor estava presente, houve heterogeneidade na avaliação da intensidade de dor neonatal. A análise de regressão múltipla indicou que apenas 10% desta heterogeneidade foi explicada pelo sexo e via de parto do RN. CONCLUSÕES: A heterogeneidade na avaliação feita por adultos da intensidade da dor de RN é um marcador da dificuldade de se decidir a respeito da necessidade de analgesia em pacientes pré-verbais.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Divisão de Pediatria NeonatalUNIFESP-EPM Departamento de EpidemiologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Divisão de Pediatria NeonatalUNIFESP, EPM Depto. de EpidemiologiaSciEL

Intra-hospital transport of neonatal intensive care patients: risk factors for complications

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate factors associated with hypothermia and increased need of oxygen and/or ventilatory support during intra-hospital transport of neonatal intensive care patients. METHODS: Prospective study of infants admitted to a single neonatal unit in need of at least one intra-hospital transport during weekdays, from 8:00AM to 05:00PM, from January 1997 to December 2000. Factors associated with hypothermia and increased need of oxygen and/or need of ventilatory support during and up to two hours after transport were studied by regression analyses. RESULTS: During the study period, 502 transports were analyzed. At the time of transport, the neonates had a mean weight and gestational age of, respectively, 2,000g and 35 weeks, and they were 22 days old. The main reasons for transport were: surgery and image exams. Hypothermia occurred in 17% of the transported infants and increased need of oxygen and/or ventilatory support in 7%. Factors associated with hypothermia were: duration of transportation >3h (OR=2.1; 95%CI=1.2-3.6), neurologic malformation (OR=1.7; 95%CI=1.1-2.5), transport performed in 1997 (OR=1.7; 95%CI=1.1-2.6) and weight at time of transport >3,500g (OR=0.3; 95%CI=0.16-0.68). Factors associated with increased need of oxygen and/or ventilation support were: gestational age at birth in weeks (OR=0.9; 95%CI=0.8-0.9), age in days at transportation (OR=1.0; 95%CI=1.0-1.1) and presence of gastrointestinal and genitourinary malformation (OR=3.1; 95%CI=1.6-6.2). CONCLUSIONS: Complications related to neonatal intra-hospital transports are frequent and associated with the patients characteristics and transport conditions.OBJETIVO: Estudar os fatores associados à hipotermia e ao aumento da necessidade de oxigênio e/ou suporte ventilatório durante o transporte intra-hospitalar de pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva neonatal. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo de todos os pacientes internados na unidade neonatal que necessitaram de transporte intra-hospitalar de janeiro de 1997 a dezembro de 2000, entre segundas-feiras e sextas-feiras, das 8h às 17h. Fatores associados à hipotermia e ao aumento da necessidade de oxigênio e/ou de suporte ventilatório durante e até duas horas após o transporte foram estudados por meio de regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Foram realizados 502 transportes no período. Os pacientes tinham em média 2.000g, 35 semanas de idade gestacional ao nascer e 22 dias de vida. As principais indicações do transporte foram: cirurgia e realização de exames de imagem. A hipotermia ocorreu em 17% dos transportes e o aumento da necessidade de oxigênio e/ou de suporte ventilatório em 7%. Fatores associados à hipotermia foram: duração do transporte >3h (OR=2,1; IC95%=1,2-3,6), presença de malformações neurológicas (OR=1,7; IC95%=1,1-2,5), transporte realizado em 1997 (OR=1,7; IC95%=1,1-2,6) e peso no transporte >3.500g (OR=0,3; IC95%=0,16-0,68). Fatores de risco para o aumento da necessidade de oxigênio e/ou de suporte ventilatório foram: idade gestacional ao nascimento em semanas (OR=0,9; IC95%=0,8-0,9), idade em dias no transporte (OR=1,0; IC95%=1,0-1,1) e presença de malformações gastrintestinais e geniturinárias (OR=3,1; IC95%=1,6-6,2). CONCLUSÕES: As intercorrências relativas ao transporte intra-hospitalar são freqüentes nos neonatos em UTI e estão associadas às condições dos pacientes e dos transportes.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de PediatriaUNIFESP-EPM Departamento de PediatriaUNIFESP-EPM Departamento de Medicina PreventivaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de PediatriaUNIFESP, EPM Depto. de PediatriaUNIFESP, EPM Depto. de Medicina PreventivaSciEL

Description of a rare case of nodular fasciitis of the apical aspect of the upper buccal sulcus

This report describes a rare case of nodular fasciitis (NF) of the oral cavity, discussing the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical characteristics. Histopathologic diagnosis of this type of lesion can be challenging due to its differential diagnosis, which principally includes sarcoma. The patient presented with a painless, well-defined nodule, reported as increasing in size, located at the apical aspect of the upper left buccal sulcus. Histologically, the lesion revealed spindle cell proliferation arranged in fascicles, while immunohistochemistry demonstrated positivity for smooth muscle actin. Eight months after complete surgical excision, no signs of local recurrence have been observed.Department of Oral Pathology, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Rua José Rocha Junqueira13, Ponte Preta, 13045-755 Campinas, SP, BrazilDepartment of Pathology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Botucatu 740, Vila Clementino, 04023-900 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Pathology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Botucatu 740, Vila Clementino, 04023-900 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Imbalance of naive and memory T lymphocytes with sustained high cellular activation during the first year of life from uninfected children born to HIV-1-infected mothers on HAART

The immune consequences of in utero HIV exposure to uninfected children whose mothers were submitted to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) during gestation are not well defined. We evaluated 45 HIV-exposed uninfected (ENI) neonates and 45 healthy unexposed control (CT) neonates. All HIV-infected mothers received HAART during pregnancy, and the viral load at delivery was <50 copies/mL for 56.8%. Twenty-three ENI neonates were further evaluated after 12 months and compared to 23 unexposed healthy age-matched infants. Immunophenotyping was performed by flow cytometry in cord and peripheral blood. Cord blood lymphocyte numbers did not differ between groups. However, ENI neonates had a lower percentage of naive T cells than CT neonates (CD4+, 76.6 vs 83.1%, P < 0.001; CD8+, 70.9 vs 79.6%, P = 0.003) and higher percentages of central memory T cells than CT neonates (CD4+, 13.9 vs 8.7%, P < 0.001; CD8+, 8.6 vs 4.8%, P = 0.001). CD38 mean fluorescence intensity of T cells was higher in ENI neonates (CD4+, 62.2 vs 52.1, P = 0.007; CD8+, 47.7 vs 35.3, P < 0.001). At 12 months, ENI infants still had higher mean fluorescence intensity of CD38 on T cells (CD4+, 34.2 vs 23.3, P < 0.001; CD8+, 26.8 vs 19.4, P = 0.035). Despite effective maternal virologic control at delivery, HIV-exposed uninfected children were born with lower levels of naive T cells. Immune activation was present at birth and remained until at least 12 months of age, suggesting that in utero exposure to HIV causes subtle immune abnormalities.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de Infectologia PediátricaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Pediatria Disciplina de Pediatria NeonatalUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de MedicinaUniversidade de São Paulo Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo Laboratório de VirologiaUNIFESP, Disciplina de Infectologia PediátricaUNIFESP, Depto. de Pediatria Disciplina de Pediatria NeonatalUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de MedicinaFAPESP: 01/11011-6SciEL

Draft genome sequence of Mycobacterium bovis 04-303, a highly virulent strain from Argentina

Mycobacterium bovis strain 04-303 was isolated from a wild boar living in a free-ranging field in Argentina. This work reports the draft genome sequence of this highly virulent strain and the genomic comparison of its major virulence-related genes with those of M. bovis strain AF2122/97 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv.Instituto de BiotecnologíaFil: Nishibe, Christiane. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Faculdade de Computação; BrasilFil: Canevari Castelão, Ana Beatriz. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal; BrasilFil: Dalla Costa, Ricardo. Life Technologies do Brasil; BrasilFil: Pinto, Beatriz Jeronimo. Life Technologies do Brasil; BrasilFil: Varuzza, Leonardo. Life Technologies do Brasil; BrasilFil: Cataldi, Angel Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Bernardelli, Amelia. Ceva Salud Animal; ArgentinaFil: Bigi, Fabiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Blanco, Federico Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Zumarraga, Martin Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Almeida, Nalvo Franco. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Faculdade de Computação; BrasilFil: Araujo, Flabio Ribeiro de. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa). Gado de Corte; Brasi

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Municipios de Valledupar Cesar, El Banco Magdalena, Mompox Bolívar y corregimiento San Cristóbal de Caracol Sucre

La violencia en Colombia ha provocado afectaciones a quienes la han sufrido a nivel psicológico, físico, cultural y todo lo que refiere a la crueldad que aun ser humano no debe padecer, Sierra (2019) considera que la ausencia del Estado o la permanencia de ella en los territorios, es equitativo a los niveles de desigualdad, en el que no es una predisposición la riqueza o pobreza, sino el rezago por los sectores productivos y la competitividad de ello. Por otro lado, el lector se encontrará con la reflexión basada en el caso escogido “Historias que retornan capítulo 1- Luz, en el que se permite analizar los esfuerzos personales, familiares y colectivos que la protagonista del relato realizó, con el fin de poder dar solución a las diferentes problemáticas psicosociales causadas por la violencia. Con base a ello, se crearan preguntas de tipos circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas encaminadas al abordaje psicosocial de la víctima. Así mismo, se evidencia la reflexión del caso “Masacre en El Salado: Relatos de resiliencia después de 20 años” permitiendo la creación de tres estrategias orientadas a la potenciación de recursos de afrontamiento de la comunidad. Seguidamente, se encuentra el ejercicio voz y foto, en el que se permite conocer desde la narrativa de imágenes de las comunidades de Valledupar, Santa cruz de Mompox, San Cristóbal de Caracol de Sucre y del Municipio de El Banco Magdalena, destacando la importancia de todo el entorno como tejido simbólico.Violence in Colombia has affected those who have suffered it at a psychological, physical, cultural level and everything that refers to the cruelty that even a human being should not suffer, Sierra (2019) considers that the absence of the State or its permanence In the territories, it is equitable to the levels of inequality, in which wealth or poverty is not a predisposition, but the lag by the productive sectors and the competitiveness of it. On the other hand, the reader will find the reflection based on the chosen case "Stories that return chapter 1- Light, in which it is possible to analyze the personal, family and collective efforts that the protagonist of the story made, in order to be able to provide solutions to the different psychosocial problems caused by violence. Based on this, circular, reflective and strategic questions will be created aimed at the psychosocial approach of the victim. Likewise, the reflection of the case "Massacre in El Salado: Stories of resilience after 20 years" is evidenced, allowing the creation of three strategies aimed at empowering community coping resources. Next, there is the voice and photo exercise, in which it is possible to know from the narrative of images of the communities of Valledupar, Santa Cruz de Mompox, San Cristóbal de Caracol de Sucre and the Municipality of Banco Magdalena, highlighting the importance of all the environment as symbolic fabric

Two New Rhabdoviruses (Rhabdoviridae) Isolated from Birds During Surveillance for Arboviral Encephalitis, Northeastern United States

Two novel rhabdoviruses were isolated from birds during surveillance for arboviral encephalitis in the northeastern United States. The first, designated Farmington virus, is a tentative new member of the Vesiculovirus genus. The second, designated Rhode Island virus, is unclassified antigenically, but its ultrastructure and size are more similar to those of some of the plant rhabdoviruses. Both viruses infect birds and mice, as well as monkey kidney cells in culture, but their importance for human health is unknown

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) prevalence in wild and aquaculture crustacean populations from Mozambique, assessed by molecular diagnosis

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is still one of the most dangerous viral pathogens in crustacean aquaculture since its first identification in 1992, especially for tropical and subtropical countries. In Mozambique, WSSV was first detected in 2011 in cultured shrimp after mass mortality of shrimp in ponds. To control the virus, disease surveillance is the most recommended approach. The aim of this study was to report WSSV infection in crustaceans from wild stock and farms in Mozambique. Frozen and fresh samples of pleopods, larvae, and muscle from shrimp and crabs collected in seven provinces of Mozambique between 2011 and 2013, and in 2018, were tested for WSSV using the commercial IQ2000™ kit. A total of 946 out of 3480 tested samples were WSSV positive and it corresponds to a total prevalence of 27.2% in crustaceans. The infection rate was 31.6% (723samples) in wild shrimps, 21.8% (152) in wild crabs, and 14.4% (71) in aquaculture shrimps. The positivity infection rate varied within the sampling provinces. The highest infection rate was reported in Gaza (61.43%) followed by Inhambane and Zambezia (45.79 and 40%, respectively). The lowest prevalence of WSSV was reported in Cabo Delgado (2.99%). This study demonstrated the presence of WSSV in Mozambique in high prevalence in both wildlife and aquaculture crustaceans, demonstrating the need for constant monitoring and implementation of preventive measures to decrease the rates of positive infectivity both in the wild and aquaculture crustaceans.https://link.springer.com/journal/12210hj2023Veterinary Tropical Disease

Preparation and characterization of chloroaluminum phthalocyanine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles by thermal analysis and powder X-ray diffraction techniques

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) without drug and SLN loaded with chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (AlClPc) were prepared by solvent diffusion method in aqueous system and characterized by thermal analyses and X-ray diffraction (XRD) in this study. Determination of particle size, zeta potential (ZP), and encapsulation efficiency were also evaluated. SLN containing AlClPc of nanometer size with high encapsulation efficiency and ZP were obtained. The results indicated that the size of SLN loaded with AlClPc is larger than that of the inert particle, but ZP is not changed significantly with incorporation of the drug. In differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves, it was observed that the melting point of stearic acid (SA) isolated and in SLN occurred at 55 and 64 degrees C, respectively, suggesting the presence of different polymorphs. DSC also shows that the crystallinity state of SLN was much less than that of SA isolated. The incorporation of drug in SLN may have been favored by this lower crystallinity degree of the samples. XRD techniques corroborated with the thermal analytic techniques, suggesting the polymorphic modifications of stearic acid.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), BrazilFundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sergipe-FAPITEC/SEMinisterio da SaudeSE