FGF-2, TGFβ-1, PDGF-A and respective receptors expression in pleomorphic adenoma myoepithelial cells: an in vivo and in vitro study

Myoepithelial cells have an important role in salivary gland tumor development, contributing to a low grade of aggressiveness of these tumors. Normal myoepithelial cells are known by their suppressor function presenting increased expression of extracellular matrix genes and protease inhibitors. The importance of stromal cells and growth factors during tumor initiation and progression has been highlighted by recent literature. Many tumors result from the alteration of paracrine growth factors pathways. Growth factors mediate a wide variety of biological processes such as development, tissue repair and tumorigenesis, and also contribute to cellular proliferation and transformation in neoplastic cells. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), transforming growth factor β-1 (TGFβ-1), platelet-derived growth factor-A (PDGF-A) and their respective receptors (FGFR-1, FGFR-2, TGFβR-II and PDGFR-α) in myoepithelial cells from pleomorphic adenomas (PA) by in vivo and in vitro experiments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Serial sections were obtained from paraffin-embedded PA samples obtained from the school's files. Myoepithelial cells were obtained from explants of PA tumors provided by surgery from different donors. Immunohistochemistry, cell culture and immunofluorescence assays were used to evaluate growth factor expression. RESULTS: The present findings demonstrated that myoepithelial cells from PA were mainly positive to FGF-2 and FGFR-1 by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. PDGF-A and PDGFR-α had moderate expression by immunohistochemistry and presented punctated deposits throughout cytoplasm of myoepithelial cells. FGFR-2, TGFβ-1 and TGFβR-II were negative in all samples. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggested that FGF-2 compared to the other studied growth factors has an important role in PA benign myoepithelial cells, probably contributing to proliferation of these cells through the FGFR-1

Prevalence of Oral Lesions in Hospitalized Patients with Infectious Diseases in Northern Brazil

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of oral lesions in infectious-contagious diseases patients being treated in the University Hospital of the Federal University of Pará, northern Brazil. One hundred seven patients with infectious diseases were clinically investigated for oral lesions at the University Hospital of Pará, northern Brazil. From total sample, most patients were men (65.7%) with a mean age of 45.4 years. About prevalence of systemic diseases, tuberculosis was the most frequent illness, followed by AIDS, hepatitis types B and C, leishmaniasis, and meningitis. Analyzing oral manifestations, periodontal diseases and candidiasis were the most prevalent diseases in both genders, followed by recurrent aphthous ulcers, saburral tongue, simplex herpes, and squamous cell carcinoma. Of all 107 patients, only 10 males and 6 females did not present any oral manifestation. There was no statistical difference between genders with any systemic condition (P>0.05). The great prevalence of oral manifestations in hospitalized patients with systemic disorder emphasizes the need of integral dental care in this context, aiming at a multidisciplinary approach of patients. Therefore, presence of some oral conditions, such as candidiasis, should be an alert to different systemic conditions, once in assistance with physicians; dentists can influence the early diagnosis and treatment

Immunohistochemical analysis for CD21, CD35, Caldesmon and S100 protein on dendritic cells types in oral lymphomas

OBJECTIVE: Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) and interdigitating dendritic cells (IDCs) are dendritic cells found in lymphoid follicles, reactive follicles and in lymphomas. The goal of this study was to evaluate the presence and distribution of FDCs and IDCs in oral lymphomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry reactions were applied to 50 oral lymphomas using the antibodies anti-CD21, anti-CD35 and anti-caldesmon to FDCs, and anti-S100 protein to IDCs. Caldesmon+/FDCs and S100+/IDCs were quantified in Imagelab® software. RESULTS: FDCs revealed by CD21 and CD35 were positively stained in two cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, one MALT lymphoma, and in one case of mantle cell lymphoma. FDCs were immunopositive to caldesmon in all cases, as well as IDCs to S100 protein. Burkitt lymphoma presented a lower amount of caldesmon+/FDCs and S100+/IDCs than diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral mucosa type. CONCLUSIONS: The microenvironment determined by neoplastic lymphoid cells in oral lymphomas is responsible by the development and expression of dendritic cells types

Histological and mast cells evaluation after application of botulinum toxin type a in masseter muscles of rats

Botulinum Toxin Type A (BTX-A) has been largely used to reduce muscle strength of masseter and temporal muscles by producing a temporary weakening of their activity. This study aimed to evaluate the histological changes and the number of mast cells afte

Prevalence of Oral Lesions in Hospitalized Patients with Infectious Diseases in Northern Brazil

Brazil. One hundred seven patients with infectious diseases were clinically investigated for oral lesions at the University Hospital of Pará, northern Brazil. From total sample, most patients were men (65.7%) with a mean age of 45.4 years. About prevalence of systemic diseases, tuberculosis was the most frequent illness, followed by AIDS, hepatitis types B and C, leishmaniasis, and meningitis. Analyzing oral manifestations, periodontal diseases and candidiasis were the most prevalent diseases in both genders, followed by recurrent aphthous ulcers, saburral tongue, simplex herpes, and squamous cell carcinoma. Of all 107 patients, only 10 males and 6 females did not present any oral manifestation. There was no statistical difference between genders with any systemic condition ( > 0.05). The great prevalence of oral manifestations in hospitalized patients with systemic disorder emphasizes the need of integral dental care in this context, aiming at a multidisciplinary approach of patients. Therefore, presence of some oral conditions, such as candidiasis, should be an alert to different systemic conditions, once in assistance with physicians; dentists can influence the early diagnosis and treatment

Comparison of the blood and lymphatic microvessel density of pleomorphic adenoma and basal cell adenoma

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common tumor of the salivary gland, while basal cell adenoma (BCA) is an uncommon neoplasm. Blood and lymphatic vessels are crucial for tumor metabolism. The aim of this study was to compare the blood and lymphatic vascular density and vascular and endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in PA and BCA tumors. In addition, cell proliferation was evaluated in these tumors. Blood and lymphatic vessel content, VEGF expression, and cell proliferation were analyzed in 30 cases of PA and 13 cases of BCA by immu-nohistochemistry using antibodies for CD34, CD105, D2-40, VEGF, and Mcm-2. Regarding CD34 and CD105 expression, PA demonstrated a high vascularity and a low number of positive vessels, respectively. D2-40-positive lymphatic vessels were mainly located in the tumor capsules, with small intratumoral lymphatic vessels observed occasionally. VEGF expression revealed a remarkably heterogeneous immunoreactivity, alternating from weak or negative to positive or intense. BCA presented significantly higher CD34, CD34, CD105, D2-40, and VEGF expression compared to PA. No significant difference was found in cell proliferation between the tumors. Although PA and BCA are considered part of the same spectrum of differentiation, this study showed that the blood and lymphatic vascularization of these tumors is different.Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common tumor of the salivary gland, while basal cell adenoma (BCA) is an uncommon neoplasm. Blood and lymphatic vessels are crucial for tumor metabolism. The aim of this study was to compare the blood and lymphatic vas81721FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO11/51549–

A percepção de terapeutas ocupacionais sobre suicídio e sua formação profissional para o manejo de adolescentes com comportamento suicida/The perception of occupational therapists on suicide and its their professional training for the management of suicidal behavior with teenagers

Introdução: A adolescência é um período de grandes mudanças biopsicossociais, tornando os jovens suscetíveis a alterações comportamentais e emocionais, inclusive, atitudes suicidas. Desta forma, sabe-se que há a necessidade de profissionais qualificados, incluindo o terapeuta ocupacional. Objetivo: Compreender a percepção de terapeutas ocupacionais que atuam na Estratégia Saúde da Família, sobre sua formação profissional para o manejo do adolescente com comportamento suicida. Método: Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa do tipo exploratória, através de entrevista semiestruturada, com terapeutas ocupacionais do Nasf-AB, realizada no período de março a abril de 2019, nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Resultados e discussões:  Sobre o suicídio na fase da adolescência, houve um olhar direcionado para a imaturidade emocional e impulsividade. Identificou-se que lacunas no processo de formação profissional, da graduação à formação continuada na Atenção Básica, limitam a realização de intervenções próprias do terapeuta ocupacional frente a essa demanda. Apesar disso, há o conhecimento das políticas públicas e estratégias de cuidados na Atenção Básica e rede de cuidados. Conclusão: Verificou-se a necessidade de capacitação do terapeuta ocupacional para o manejo de adolescentes com comportamento suicida.Palavras-chaves: Adolescentes. Formação profissional. Suicídio. Terapia Ocupacional.Abstract Introduction: Adolescence is a period of great biopsychosocial changes, making young people susceptible to behavioral and emotional changes, including suicidal attitudes. Thus, it is known that there is a need for qualified professionals, including the occupational therapist. Objective: To understand the perception of occupational therapists who work in the Family Health-care Strategy about their professional training for managing adolescents with suicidal behavior. Method: Qualitative exploratory research, through a semi-structured interview, with occupational therapists from Nasf-AB, carried out from March to April 2019, in Health-care Units. Results and discussions: Regarding suicide in the phase of adolescence, there was a focus on emotional immaturity and impulsiveness. It was identified that gaps in the professional training process, from graduation to continuing education in Primary Health Care, limit the performance of interventions specific to occupational therapists in view of this demand. Despite this, there is knowledge of public policies and care strategies in Primary Care and care network. Conclusion: There was a need to train occupational therapists to manage adolescents with suicidal behavior.Keywords: Adolescent. Professional qualification. Suicide. Occupational Therapy. ResumenIntroducción:  La adolescencia es un período de grandes cambios biopsicosociales que hacen que los jóvenes sean susceptibles a cambios conductuales y emocionales, incluidas las actitudes suicidas. Por tanto, se sabe que existe la necesidad de profesionales cualificados, incluido el terapeuta ocupacional. Objetivo: Comprender la percepción de los terapeutas ocupacionales que trabajan en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia sobre su formación profesional para el manejo de adolescentes con conducta suicida. Método: Investigación exploratoria cualitativa, mediante entrevista semiestructurada, con terapeutas ocupacionales de Nasf-AB, realizada de marzo a abril de 2019, en Unidades Básicas de Salud. Resultados: Respecto al suicidio en la etapa de la adolescencia, hubo un enfoque sobre la inmadurez emocional y la impulsividad. Se identificó que las brechas en el proceso de formación profesional, desde la graduación hasta la formación continua en Atención Primaria, limitan la realización de intervenciones específicas de los terapeutas ocupacionales ante esta demanda. A pesar de ello, existe conocimiento de las políticas públicas y estrategias de atención en Atención Primaria y red de atención. Conclusiones: existía la necesidad de capacitar a los terapeutas ocupacionales para manejar a los adolescentes con comportamiento suicida.Palabras clave: Adolescentes. Formanión professional. Suicidio. Terapia ocupacional

<b>Estudo do estado de diferenciação da célula mioepitelial nas neoplasias de glândula salivar</b> - DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v26i2.1587

A célula mioepitelial (CM) nos tumores de glândula salivar apresenta-se em diferentes estágios de diferenciação. Sabe-se que em glândula normal ela expressa actina músculo específica (AME) e Citoqueratina (CK) 14. Por outro lado, é conhecida a participação dos componentes de matriz extracelular, dentre eles a laminina (LN), na morfogênese e citodiferenciação das estruturas glandulares. Em vista do exposto, nos propusemos a estudar os diferentes estágios de diferenciação da CM através da expressão da AME, da CK 14, bem como a participação da LN neste processo. Para tanto, utilizamos tumores onde se postulam a participação da CM: adenoma pleomórfico, mioepitelioma, adenoma de células basais e carcinoma adenóide cístico e submetemos os espécimes ao método imunohistoquímico da avidina-biotina. Nossos resultados mostraram que a presença da AME foi rara, assim como a CK 14 que só esteve presente em CM de estruturas ductiformes bem formadas. Já a LN esteve presente junto à CM, independentemente da expressão de CK 14 e de AME, e no estroma tanto de tumores diferenciados, como indiferenciados. Em conclusão, é possível identificar diferentes estágios de diferenciação mioepitelial através da expressão da CK 14 e da AME, mas parece não existir uma correlação da LN com a diferenciação da CM tumoral, pois ou essa ou sua precursora continua a secretar LN, mesmo que imperfeitamente após estímulo oncogênico