Acanthosis Nigricans in a Patient with Lung Cancer: A Case Report

Some skin lesions may accompany malignancies. Acanthosis nigricans, one such lesion, is a paraneoplastic dermatosis characterized by hyperpigmented and velvety verrucose plaques observed as symetric eruptions. With this report, we aim to present a rare case of concomitant lung cancer and acanthosis nigricans. Malignant acanthosis nigricans is most commonly associated with intra-abdominal malignancies. A 65-year-old patient who had hyperpigmented, hypertrophic and symmetric verrucose lesions at the flexor surfaces of the lower and upper extremities, face, palms and the axillary region. Thoracic computed tomography demonstrated a hypodense mass lesion with a dimension of 5 × 5.5 cm at the center of basal segment bronchi of the left pulmonary lobe. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy showed that the access to the lower left lobe was almost completely obstructed by the endobronchial lesion. The result of the histopathologic examination of the endobronchial tissue biopsy was reported as non-small cell (adenocarcinoma) lung cancer. Result of the histopathologic analysis of the punch biopsy of the skin lesions was reported as acanthosis nigricans .There are no pathognomonic dermatological findings for lung cancer. In conclusion, there are skin lesions that accompany lung cancer and we believe that these should be considered for differential diagnosis

Quantitative perfusion parameters of benign inflammatory breast pathologies: A descriptive study

Purpose: With this study, we evaluated the perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of benign inflammatory breast lesions for the first time and compared their Ktrans, Kep, Ve values and contrast kinetic curves to benign masses and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Materials and methods: Perfusion MRIs of the benign masses (n = 42), inflammatory lesions (n = 25), and IDCs (n = 16) were evaluated retrospectively in terms of Ktrans, Kep, Ve values and contrast kinetic curves and compared by the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, chi-square tests statistically. Cronbach α test was used to measure intraobserver and interobserver reliability. Results: Mean Ktrans values were 0.052 for benign masses, 0.086 for inflammatory lesions and 0.101 for IDC (p < 0.001). Mean Kep values were 0.241 for benign masses, 0.435 for inflammatory lesions and 0.530 for IDC (p < 0.001). Mean Ve values were 0.476 for benign masses, 0.318 for inflammatory lesions and 0.310 for IDC (p = 0.067). For inflammatory and IDC lesions, Ktrans and Kep values were found to be higher and Ve values were lower than benign masses (p = 0.001 for Ktrans, p = 0.001 for Kep, p = 0.045 for Ve). There were excellent or good intra-interobserver reliabilities. For the kinetic curve pattern, most of the benign lesions showed progressive (81%), inflammatory lesions progressive (64%) and IDC lesions plateau (75%) patterns (p < 0.001). Conclusions: On T1 perfusion MRI, similar to IDC lesions, inflammatory lesions demonstrate higher Ktrans and Kep and lower Ve values than benign masses. Quantitative perfusion parameters are not helpful in differentiating them from IDC lesions

Mass and non-mass breast MRI patterns: A radiologic approach to sick lobe theory

Background According to sick lobe theory, one or more lobes of the breast are more prone to the development of carcinoma. However, the implications of this theory in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are unknown. Purpose To evaluate the MRI appearance of mass type (multifocal and multicentric diseases) and non-mass type (non-mass enhancements) sick lobe patterns, together with the histopathology results. Material and Methods MRI reports of 2015 patients in two tertiary breast imaging centers between June 2012 and June 2018 were retrospectively reviewed for multifocal-multicentric diseases and segmental, linear, and regional enhancements. A total of 113 patients were included. The specimens obtained by thick needle, vacuum, excisional biopsy/lumpectomy or mastectomy after breast MRI scans were pathologically assessed. The pathologic results were categorized as invasive carcinoma, precursor, and benign proliferative lesions according to the 2012 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Results The percentage of underlying benign and precursor invasive lesions was significantly different in patients with mass and non-mass MRI patterns. While the pathology results of mass type patterns were premalignant and malignant in all cases, nearly half of the underlying histologies were benign proliferative subtypes in patients with non-mass type patterns. Conclusion In this study, the mass and non-mass patterns derived from sick lobe theory were related to different risks of malignancy in the pathological examinations

The effect of flurbiprofen on the development of anencephaly in early stage chicken embryos

PubMed ID: 25365663Objective. The study investigated the effect of flurbiprofen on the development of anencephaly in early stage chicken embryos. Material and methods. We looked at four groups with a total of 36 embryos. There was a control group, a normal saline group, a normal-dose group and a high-dose group with ten, ten, eight and eight eggs with embryo respectively. Results. Two embryos in the control group, studied with light microscopy at 48 h, were consistent with 28-29 hours' incubation in the Hamburger-Hamilton System. They had open neural tubes. The other embryos in this group were considered normal. One embryo in the normal saline group was on the occlusion stage at 48 h. One embryo showed an open neural tube. They were compatible with 28-29 hours' incubation in the Hamburger-Hamilton system. The remaining eight embryos showed normal development. In the normal dose group, one embryo showed underdevelopment of the embryonic disc and the embryo was dead. In four embryos, the neural tubes were open. One cranial malformation was found that was complicated with anencephaly in one embryo. In two embryos the neural tubes were closed, as they showed normal development, and they reached their expected stages according to the Hamburger-Hamilton classification. There was no malformation or growth retardation. Four experimental embryos were anencephalic in the high dose group, and three embryos had open neural tubes. One embryo exhibited both anencephaly and a neural tube closure defect. None of the embryos in this group showed normal development. Conclusions. Even the usual therapeutic doses of flurbiprofen increased the risk of neural tube defect. Flurbiprofen was found to significantly increase the risk of anencephaly. The provision of improved technical materials and studies with larger sample sizes will reveal the stage of morphological disruption during the development of embryos.

Sentinel Lymph Node Detection By 3D Freehand Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography In Early Stage Breast Cancer

We herein present our first experience obtained by 3D freehand single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (F-SPECT) guidance for sentinel lymph node detection (SLND) in two patients with early stage breast cancer. F-SPECT guidance was carried out using one-day protocol in one case and by the two-day protocol in the other one. SLND was performed successfully in both patients. Histopathologic evaluation showed that the excised nodes were tumor negative. Thus, patients underwent breast-conserving surgery alone.PubMe